几种植物提取液对海鲜菇及其竞争性霉菌的作用
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摘要
为给海鲜菇竞争性霉菌病害的防治和生物农药的开发提供参考,采用乙酸乙酯、乙醇、丙酮及石油醚提取黄芪、洋葱、生姜、大蒜、艾草和鱼腥草6种植物的活性物质,研究其对海鲜菇生产中常见竞争性霉菌的抑制效果及海鲜菇菌丝生长的影响。结果表明:不同溶剂6种植物提取液对7种霉菌均有抑制效果,其中洋葱乙酸乙酯、丙酮和石油醚提取液对长枝木霉和哈茨木霉的抑菌率均达80%以上;大蒜的丙酮和石油醚提取液也均具良好的抑菌效果;黄芪乙醇提取液对产黄青霉抑制率达95.2%;与对照相比,各植物提取液对海鲜菇菌丝生长速度的影响无显著差异。
The effect of six plant active material(Astragalus membranaceus,Allium cepa,Zingiber officinale,Allium sativum,Artemisia argyi and Houttuynia cordata)extracted withethyl acetate,ethanol,acetone and petroleum ether respectively on inhibition of common competitive molds and mycelial growth of Hypsizygus marmoreus to provide a reference for control of H.marmoreus and competitive molds and development of bio-pesticides.Result:Six plant extracts all have the inhibition effect on seven molds.The antifungus rate of A.cepaextracts extracted with ethyl acetate,acetone and petroleum ether to Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Trichoderma harzianum is over 80%.The A.sativum extracts extracted with acetone and petroleum ether both have a good antifungus effect on seven molds.The inhibition rate of the A.membranaceus extract extracted with ethanol against Penicillium chrysogenum reaches 95.2%.The effect of different plant extracts on mycelial growth of H.marmoreus is no obvious difference compared with CK.
The effect of six plant active material(Astragalus membranaceus,Allium cepa,Zingiber officinale,Allium sativum,Artemisia argyi and Houttuynia cordata)extracted withethyl acetate,ethanol,acetone and petroleum ether respectively on inhibition of common competitive molds and mycelial growth of Hypsizygus marmoreus to provide a reference for control of H.marmoreus and competitive molds and development of bio-pesticides.Result:Six plant extracts all have the inhibition effect on seven molds.The antifungus rate of A.cepaextracts extracted with ethyl acetate,acetone and petroleum ether to Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Trichoderma harzianum is over 80%.The A.sativum extracts extracted with acetone and petroleum ether both have a good antifungus effect on seven molds.The inhibition rate of the A.membranaceus extract extracted with ethanol against Penicillium chrysogenum reaches 95.2%.The effect of different plant extracts on mycelial growth of H.marmoreus is no obvious difference compared with CK.
引文
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[20]王帅兵,王婧,陈海峰,等.8种中药对猪源大肠杆菌的体外抑菌效果[J].贵州农业科学,2018,46(4):94-97.
[21]李国旺,赵恒章,苗志国.5味中药对鸡大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(10):141-143.
[2]王丽,罗红霞,李淑荣,等.海鲜菇氨基酸组成分析及营养评价[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(21):338-341,346.
[3]王耀松,邢增涛,冯志勇,等.真姬菇营养成分的测定与分析[J].菌物研究,2006,4(4):33-37.
[4]包鸿慧,周睿,愈商权.真姬菇多糖HMP-1的分子结构特性及其生物活性[J].食品与发酵工业,2013,39(3):38-43.
[5]李顺峰,张丽华,付娟妮,等.真姬菇子实体多糖体外抗氧化特性研究[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(4):302-305.
[6]吴韶菊.真姬菇母种培养基的筛选研究[J].北方园艺,2010,34(5):181-183.
[7]包鸿慧,侯风蒙,周睿,等.真姬菇多糖HMP的分子特性及抗癌免疫活性[J].食品科技,2013,38(6):205-209.
[8]SUN Y C.Biological activities and potential health benefits of polysaccharides fromPoria cocos and their derivatives[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2014,68(7):131-134.
[9]BARROS L,VENTURINI B A,BAPTISTA P,et al.Chemical composition and biological properties of portuguese wild mushrooms:a comprehensive study[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(10):3856-3862.
[10]吴小平,吴晓金,胡方平,等.食用菌栽培相关木霉种的鉴定[J].农业生物技术学报,2008,16(6):1048-1055.
[11]程丽云,叶明珍,张绍升.食用菌木霉病的病原鉴定[J].亚热带农业研究,2006,2(1):41-44.
[12]边银丙.食用菌菌丝体侵染性病害与竞争性病害研究进展[J].食用菌学报,2013,20(2):1-7.
[13]贺字典,孙焕顷,高玉峰.食用菌木霉种类鉴定[J].河北科技师范学院学报,2008,22(4):41-45.
[14]向晶晶,陈静鸿,丁成祥,等.食用菌种植中污染菌青霉的拮抗菌筛选[J].中国食用菌,2006,25(6):39-41.
[15]张萍华.5种杀菌剂对灵芝菌丝及绿色木霉生长的影响[J].浙江林学院学报,2001,18(1):71-74.
[16]吴小平,彭建升,谢宝贵,等.食用菌污染菌脉孢菌的生物防治[J].中国食用菌,2009,28(2):51-53,62.
[17]冀瑞卿,程国辉,安小亚,等.四种杀菌剂对食用菌竞争性杂菌及其食用菌菌丝生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,7(20):133-137.
[18]邢来君,李明春.普通真菌学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[19]王宝庆,张晓丹.抗真菌药物的研究概况[J].黑龙江医药,2008,21(2):62-63.
[20]王帅兵,王婧,陈海峰,等.8种中药对猪源大肠杆菌的体外抑菌效果[J].贵州农业科学,2018,46(4):94-97.
[21]李国旺,赵恒章,苗志国.5味中药对鸡大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(10):141-143.