基于生态系统服务功能及生态敏感性与PSR模型的生态承载力空间分析
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摘要
沁水区块煤层气开发区域生态环境面临的问题日益突出。基于生态系统服务功能及生态敏感性,利用PSR模型进行了沁水区块煤层气开发区域的生态承载力评价。结果表明:(1)水源涵养、水土保持、生物多样性维护功能较好区域主要分布在区域西部广大山区的森林生态系统及植被覆盖良好的地区,水土流失敏感性区域分布广泛,主要分布在研究区东部;(2)沁水区块煤层气开区域西北部以及东部地区生态承载力较高,南部地区生态承载力较低,生态承载力高、较高、中等、较低、低水平区域面积分别占19.95%,20.07%,19.99%,20.70%和19.29%;(3)寺河岳城区块、成庄区块、沁城区块、胡底区块、郑庄区块生态承载力低水平与较低水平分别占区块总面积的96.15%,74.55%,82.29%,77.17%和73.35%,说明煤层气开发力度严重影响了生态系统自身的调节能力,使生态系统结构与功能处于不稳定状态。
The problems of ecological environment in coalbed methane block have become more and more serious.The spatial characteristics of ecological carrying capacity in the coalbed methane area of the Qinshui block were analyzed.The results indicated that:(1)the water conservation,soil and water conservation and biodiversity conservation function of the vast mountainous areas in west were better,and soil and water loss in east of study was more sensitive;(2)the ecological carrying capacity was higher in northwest and east regions and was low in southern region;the area ratios of ecological carrying capacity of higher,high,medium,low and lower levels were 19.95%,0.07%,19.99%,20.70% and 19.29%,respectively;(3)the area ratios of lower ecological carrying capacity in Sihe block,Chengzhuang block,Qincheng block,Hudi block,Zhengzhuang block were 96.15%,74.55%,82.29%,77.17% and 73.35%,respectively,showing that the development of coalbed methane could make the structure and function of the ecosystem unstable.
The problems of ecological environment in coalbed methane block have become more and more serious.The spatial characteristics of ecological carrying capacity in the coalbed methane area of the Qinshui block were analyzed.The results indicated that:(1)the water conservation,soil and water conservation and biodiversity conservation function of the vast mountainous areas in west were better,and soil and water loss in east of study was more sensitive;(2)the ecological carrying capacity was higher in northwest and east regions and was low in southern region;the area ratios of ecological carrying capacity of higher,high,medium,low and lower levels were 19.95%,0.07%,19.99%,20.70% and 19.29%,respectively;(3)the area ratios of lower ecological carrying capacity in Sihe block,Chengzhuang block,Qincheng block,Hudi block,Zhengzhuang block were 96.15%,74.55%,82.29%,77.17% and 73.35%,respectively,showing that the development of coalbed methane could make the structure and function of the ecosystem unstable.
引文
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[2]Arrow K,Bolin B,Costanza R,et al.Economic growth,carry capacity,and the environment[J].Science,1995(26):520-521.
[3] Lieth H,Whittlaker R H.生物圈的第一生产力[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[4] Odum H T,Blisset M E C.Ecology and economy:Emergy analysis and publicly in Texas[M].Policy Research Publication,Austin,University of Texas:School of Public Affairs and Texas Dept of Agriculture,1987.
[5]王书华,毛汉英,王忠静.生态足迹研究的国内外近期进展[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(6):776-781.
[6] Alice L,Clarke.Assessing the Carrying Capacity of the Florida Keys[J].Population and Environment,2002,23(4):405-418.
[7] Oh K.Visual threshold carrying capacity(VTCC)in urban landscape management:A case study of Seoul,Korea[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,1998,39(4):283-294.
[8]任美锷.四川省农作物生产力的地理分布[J].地理学报,1950,16(1):1-22.
[9]高吉喜.可持续发展理论探索—生态承载力理论、方法与应用[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001.
[10]毛汉英,余丹林.环渤海地区区域承载力研究[J].地理学报,2001,56(3):363-371.
[11]王宁,刘平,黄锡欢.生态承载力研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2004,20(6):278-281.
[12]孙顺利,杨殿.基于PSR模型的矿区生态经济适度开发评价[J].金属矿山,2007,370(4):66-70.
[13]曹智,闵庆文,刘某承,等.基于生态系统服务的生态承载力:概念、内涵与评估模型及应用[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(1):1-11.
[14]张引,杨庆媛,闵婕.重庆市新型城镇化质量与生态环境承载力耦合分析[J].地理学报,2016,71(5):817-828.