低压含KCl细水雾抑制船舶油池火特性试验研究
|
摘要
为探究低压含氯化钾(KCl)细水雾抑制庚烷油池火的有效性,基于1. 5 m×1. 5 m×1. 0 m封闭舱室平台,开展不同KCl质量分数(5%、10%、15%、20%)的低压细水雾(0. 2～0. 6 MPa)抑制庚烷油池火焰特性试验,分析不同KCl质量分数、不同喷射压力下庚烷质量损失速率及火焰高度的变化。结果表明:低压纯水细水雾可强化油池火焰燃烧,含KCl添加剂低压细水雾能有效抑制油料火的发展,其中0. 6 MPa压力下20%质量分数KCl溶液灭火效果最好。KCl溶液质量分数的增加,可降低庚烷平均质量损失速率,使火焰高度整体下降;喷嘴压力的升高,同样可降低燃油平均质量损失速率,缩短火焰波动时间,使燃烧提前进入衰减阶段。
In order to investigate the effectiveness of low-pressure water mist with KCl in suppressing heptane oil pool fire,based on a 1. 5 m×1. 5 m×1. 0 m enclosed cabin platform,experimental studies were conducted on the flame characteristics of heptane oil pool fire suppressed by low-pressure water mist( 0. 2-0. 6 MPa) with different KCl concentrations( 5%,10%,15%,20%).The changes of heptane mass loss rates and flame heights with different KCl mass fractions and at different injection pressure were analyzed.The results show that although the low-pressure pure water mist can strengthen the flame combustion of oil pool,yet the low-pressure water mist with KCl additive can effectively restrain the development of oil fire,among which the water mist with 20% concentration of KCl solution has the best extinguishing effect under0. 6 MPa pressure. The increase of KCl mass fraction can reduce the average mass loss rate of heptane and lower the overall flame height; similarly,the growth of nozzle pressure can also reduce the fuel oil ' s average mass loss rate,shorten the fluctuation time of flames,thus advancing combustion into the attenuation stage.
In order to investigate the effectiveness of low-pressure water mist with KCl in suppressing heptane oil pool fire,based on a 1. 5 m×1. 5 m×1. 0 m enclosed cabin platform,experimental studies were conducted on the flame characteristics of heptane oil pool fire suppressed by low-pressure water mist( 0. 2-0. 6 MPa) with different KCl concentrations( 5%,10%,15%,20%).The changes of heptane mass loss rates and flame heights with different KCl mass fractions and at different injection pressure were analyzed.The results show that although the low-pressure pure water mist can strengthen the flame combustion of oil pool,yet the low-pressure water mist with KCl additive can effectively restrain the development of oil fire,among which the water mist with 20% concentration of KCl solution has the best extinguishing effect under0. 6 MPa pressure. The increase of KCl mass fraction can reduce the average mass loss rate of heptane and lower the overall flame height; similarly,the growth of nozzle pressure can also reduce the fuel oil ' s average mass loss rate,shorten the fluctuation time of flames,thus advancing combustion into the attenuation stage.
引文
[1]徐子强.浅谈船舶火灾成因及扑救对策[J].水上消防,2018(1):36-39.
[2]吴晓华.船舶火灾爆炸事故案例分析及安全管理探讨[J].中国海事,2018(9):57-59.WU Xiaohua.Case study on ship fire and explosion accident and safety management discussion[J].China Maritime Safety,2018(9):57-59.
[3]邹高万,刘顺隆,周允基,等.中国船舶机舱火灾研究现状[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(5):76-79.ZOU Gaowan,LIU Shunlong,ZHOU Yunji,et al.Survey of ship engine-room fire in China[J].China Safety Science Journal,2004,14(5):76-79.
[4]张金鹏.船舶火灾预防与灭火研究[J].电子制作,2015(8):244.
[5]ZHANG Peihong,TANG Xing,TIAN Xiangliang,et al.Experimental study on the interaction between fire and water mist in long and narrow spaces[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,94:706-714.
[6]LIU Zhigang,CARPENTER D,KIM A.Cooling characteristics of hot oil pool by water mist during fire suppression[J].Fire Safety Journal,2008,43(4):269-281.
[7]韩芸,丛北华,张峥,等.船舶动力机舱细水雾灭火系统的优化设计与评价[J].中国造船,2009,50(2):128-137.HAN Yun,CONG Beihua,ZHANG Zheng,et al.Optimal design and evaluation of water mist fire suppression system in ship engine room[J].Shipbuilding of China,2009,50(2):128-137.
[8]LIU Jianghong,LIAO Guangxuan,LI Peide,et al.Progress in research and application of water mist fire suppression technology[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(8):718-725.
[9]廖义德.高压细水雾灭火系统关键技术及其灭火性能研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2008.LIAO Yide.Research on high pressure fine water mist fire suppression system key problems and its performance[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2008.
[10]吴晋湘,徐正龙,张瑞,等.细水雾灭油池火过程中火焰强化现象的实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2017,16(3):212-217.WU Jinxiang,XU Zhenglong,ZHANG Rui,et al.Experimental study of fire enhancement in process of extinguishing pool fire by mist water[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2017,16(3):212-217.
[11]丛北华,毛涛,廖光煊.含Na Cl添加剂细水雾对不同燃料池火灭火性能的实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2004,3(1):65-70.CONG Beihua,MAO Tao,LIAO Guangxuan.Experimental investigation on fire suppression effectiveness for pool fires by water mist containing sodium chloride additive[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2004,3(1):65-70.
[12]刘江虹,丛北华.含添加剂细水雾临界灭火浓度的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(1):116-119.LIU Jianghong,CONG Beihua.Experimental study on critical fire suppression concentration of water mist with metal chloride additives[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2011,40(1):116-119.
[13]KOSHIBA Y,OKAZAKI S,OHTANI H.Experimental investigation of the fire extinguishing capability of ferrocenecontaining water mist[J].Fire Safety Journal,2016,83:90-98.
[14]ZHANG Tianwei,DU Zhiming,HAN Zhiyue,et al.Performance evaluation of water mist with additives in suppressing cooking oil fires based on temperature analysis[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,102:1 069-1 074.
[15]JI Huanle,ZHANG Qingsong,WU Binbin,et al.Research on the effect of the component proportion in the new water mist additive on firefighting performance[J].Engineering Sciences,2013,11(6):85-90.
[16]ZHANG Tianwei,HAN Zhiyue,DU Zhiming,et al.Application of thermal mechanism to evaluate the effectiveness of the extinguishment of CH4/air cup-burner flame by water mist with additives[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41(33):15 078-15 088.
[17]刘皓,商靠定.K2C2O4溶液抑制甲烷-空气扩散火焰试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(8):46-51.LIU Hao,SHANG Kaoding.Experimental research on suppression of methane-air diffusion flame by water mist with potassium oxalate[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(8):46-51.
[18]周榕.低压细水雾灭火系统在船舶机舱中的应用研究[J].船海工程,2011,40(5):125-128.ZHOU Rong.Research on low water mist fire extinguishing system in ship engine room[J].Ship and Ocean Engineering,2011,40(5):125-128.
[19]NFPA 750-2019,Standard on water mist fire protection systems[S].
[20]KANG Quansheng,LU Shouxiang,CHEN Bing.Experimental study on burning rate of small scale heptane pool fires[J].Science Bulletin,2010,55(10):973-979.
[2]吴晓华.船舶火灾爆炸事故案例分析及安全管理探讨[J].中国海事,2018(9):57-59.WU Xiaohua.Case study on ship fire and explosion accident and safety management discussion[J].China Maritime Safety,2018(9):57-59.
[3]邹高万,刘顺隆,周允基,等.中国船舶机舱火灾研究现状[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(5):76-79.ZOU Gaowan,LIU Shunlong,ZHOU Yunji,et al.Survey of ship engine-room fire in China[J].China Safety Science Journal,2004,14(5):76-79.
[4]张金鹏.船舶火灾预防与灭火研究[J].电子制作,2015(8):244.
[5]ZHANG Peihong,TANG Xing,TIAN Xiangliang,et al.Experimental study on the interaction between fire and water mist in long and narrow spaces[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,94:706-714.
[6]LIU Zhigang,CARPENTER D,KIM A.Cooling characteristics of hot oil pool by water mist during fire suppression[J].Fire Safety Journal,2008,43(4):269-281.
[7]韩芸,丛北华,张峥,等.船舶动力机舱细水雾灭火系统的优化设计与评价[J].中国造船,2009,50(2):128-137.HAN Yun,CONG Beihua,ZHANG Zheng,et al.Optimal design and evaluation of water mist fire suppression system in ship engine room[J].Shipbuilding of China,2009,50(2):128-137.
[8]LIU Jianghong,LIAO Guangxuan,LI Peide,et al.Progress in research and application of water mist fire suppression technology[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(8):718-725.
[9]廖义德.高压细水雾灭火系统关键技术及其灭火性能研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2008.LIAO Yide.Research on high pressure fine water mist fire suppression system key problems and its performance[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2008.
[10]吴晋湘,徐正龙,张瑞,等.细水雾灭油池火过程中火焰强化现象的实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2017,16(3):212-217.WU Jinxiang,XU Zhenglong,ZHANG Rui,et al.Experimental study of fire enhancement in process of extinguishing pool fire by mist water[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2017,16(3):212-217.
[11]丛北华,毛涛,廖光煊.含Na Cl添加剂细水雾对不同燃料池火灭火性能的实验研究[J].热科学与技术,2004,3(1):65-70.CONG Beihua,MAO Tao,LIAO Guangxuan.Experimental investigation on fire suppression effectiveness for pool fires by water mist containing sodium chloride additive[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Technology,2004,3(1):65-70.
[12]刘江虹,丛北华.含添加剂细水雾临界灭火浓度的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(1):116-119.LIU Jianghong,CONG Beihua.Experimental study on critical fire suppression concentration of water mist with metal chloride additives[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2011,40(1):116-119.
[13]KOSHIBA Y,OKAZAKI S,OHTANI H.Experimental investigation of the fire extinguishing capability of ferrocenecontaining water mist[J].Fire Safety Journal,2016,83:90-98.
[14]ZHANG Tianwei,DU Zhiming,HAN Zhiyue,et al.Performance evaluation of water mist with additives in suppressing cooking oil fires based on temperature analysis[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,102:1 069-1 074.
[15]JI Huanle,ZHANG Qingsong,WU Binbin,et al.Research on the effect of the component proportion in the new water mist additive on firefighting performance[J].Engineering Sciences,2013,11(6):85-90.
[16]ZHANG Tianwei,HAN Zhiyue,DU Zhiming,et al.Application of thermal mechanism to evaluate the effectiveness of the extinguishment of CH4/air cup-burner flame by water mist with additives[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41(33):15 078-15 088.
[17]刘皓,商靠定.K2C2O4溶液抑制甲烷-空气扩散火焰试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(8):46-51.LIU Hao,SHANG Kaoding.Experimental research on suppression of methane-air diffusion flame by water mist with potassium oxalate[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(8):46-51.
[18]周榕.低压细水雾灭火系统在船舶机舱中的应用研究[J].船海工程,2011,40(5):125-128.ZHOU Rong.Research on low water mist fire extinguishing system in ship engine room[J].Ship and Ocean Engineering,2011,40(5):125-128.
[19]NFPA 750-2019,Standard on water mist fire protection systems[S].
[20]KANG Quansheng,LU Shouxiang,CHEN Bing.Experimental study on burning rate of small scale heptane pool fires[J].Science Bulletin,2010,55(10):973-979.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |