磁性荞麦壳炭的制备对水中Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究
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摘要
以当地农业废弃物荞麦壳为原料,用硝酸改性后负载磁性Fe3O4,得到一种易于分离的吸附剂荞麦壳磁性炭。在空气为载气的氛围中,用SHMADZU DTG-60差热-热重分析仪得到荞麦壳的最佳热解温度为589℃,XRD分析结果表明磁性荞麦壳炭晶体构成主要由半晶体涡轮层碳和一些矿物质组成,并检测到了Fe3O4的特征峰,通过傅里叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)表明磁性荞麦壳炭表面在3 426 cm-1较宽的吸收峰为磁性物质与荞麦壳炭缔合形成的—OH。探究了在不同影响因素下荞麦壳磁性炭对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附效果,结果表明,当pH值为5、Cr(Ⅵ)浓度150 mg/L、吸附时间为150 min、荞麦壳磁性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率达到98.3%。用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附模型对该吸附过程进行拟合,发现磁性荞麦壳炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附更符合Langmuir吸附模型。
The objective of the experimental research is to develop a novel biochar as an adsorbent for removing Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution,with buckwheat hull,a sort of agricultural waste,as raw materials,which was modified by nitric acid and loaded with magnetic iron oxide(Fe_3O_4).In preparation of the magnetic biochar in the atmosphere of nitrogen that was used as a carrier gas,differential thermal-thermogravimetric analyzer(SHMADZU DTG-60) was used to measure the optimum pyrolysis temperature of buckwheat-hull,which was 589 ℃.XRD analysis showed that the composition of magnetic buckwheat-hull carbon crystals were mainly composed of semi-crystal turbine layer carbon and some minerals,and detecting the characteristic peak of Fe_3O_4 by FTIR showed that the surface of magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar at 3 426 cm~(-1) broad absorption peak was —OH formed by magnetic materials and buckwheat hull charcoal.The testing of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption onto magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar showed that Cr(Ⅵ) removal rate attained 98.3%,as pH value of the solution was 5,Cr(Ⅵ) concentration was 150 mg/L and adsorption duration was 150 min.It was found that the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar better fit the Langmuir kinetic model than Freundlich model.
The objective of the experimental research is to develop a novel biochar as an adsorbent for removing Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution,with buckwheat hull,a sort of agricultural waste,as raw materials,which was modified by nitric acid and loaded with magnetic iron oxide(Fe_3O_4).In preparation of the magnetic biochar in the atmosphere of nitrogen that was used as a carrier gas,differential thermal-thermogravimetric analyzer(SHMADZU DTG-60) was used to measure the optimum pyrolysis temperature of buckwheat-hull,which was 589 ℃.XRD analysis showed that the composition of magnetic buckwheat-hull carbon crystals were mainly composed of semi-crystal turbine layer carbon and some minerals,and detecting the characteristic peak of Fe_3O_4 by FTIR showed that the surface of magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar at 3 426 cm~(-1) broad absorption peak was —OH formed by magnetic materials and buckwheat hull charcoal.The testing of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption onto magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar showed that Cr(Ⅵ) removal rate attained 98.3%,as pH value of the solution was 5,Cr(Ⅵ) concentration was 150 mg/L and adsorption duration was 150 min.It was found that the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on magnetic buckwheat-hull biochar better fit the Langmuir kinetic model than Freundlich model.
引文
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[20]丁世敏,封享华,汪玉庭,等.交联壳聚糖多孔微球对燃料的吸附平衡及吸附动力学分析[J].分析科学学报,2005,21(2):127-130.Ding Shimin,Feng Xianghua,Wang Yuting,et al.Adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics of crosslinked chitosan microsphere to fuel[J].Analytical Science Journal,2005,21(2):127-130.
[21]孙运飞,李文文,汪燕南,等.雌性生物炭的制备及其吸附性能的研究[J].工业水处理,2016,36(6):54-57.Sun Yunfei,Li Wenwen,Wang Yannan,et al.Study on the preparation of magnetic biochar and its adsorption capacity[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2016,36(6):54-57.
[2]Belay A A.Impacts of chromium from tannery effluent and evaluation fo alternative treatment option[J].Journal of Environmental Protection,2010,1(1):53-58.
[3]Choppala G,Bolan N,Kunhikrichnan A,et al.Differential efflect of biochar upon reduction-incluced mobility and bioavailability of arsenate and chromate[J].Chemosphere,2016,144:374-381.
[4]赖长鸿,颜增光,廖博文,等.皇竹草生物炭的结构及Cr(Ⅵ)其对吸附性能[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(6):1188-1193.Lai Changhong,Yan Zengguang,Liao Bowen,et al.Structual feature and chromium(Ⅵ)adsorption of biochar derived from pennisetum hydridum[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2016,35(6):1188-1193.
[5]Zhou L,Ji L,Ma P,et al.Development of carbon nanotubel/CoFe3O4magnetic hybrid material for removae of te-trabromobisphenol A and Pb[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,265:104-114.
[6]Mahan D,Pittman C U,Bricha M,et al.Sorotion of arsenic,cadmium,and lead by chars produced from fast pyrolysis of wood and bark duriong bio-oil produced[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2007,310(1):57-73.
[7]席志楠,李增波,王聪颖,等.磁性生物质炭对水体中的去除效果研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(1):176-182.Xi Zhinan,Li Zengbo,Wang Congying,et al.The removal effect of magnetic biochar on pyrene in aqueous phase[J].Journal of Ago-environment Science,2017,36(1):176-182.
[8]曹丹凤,孟另银,李云春,等.改性荞麦壳对水溶液中Cu2+吸附效果及机理[J].2014,8(6):2393-2401.
[9]刘荣厚,袁海荣,徐璐.玉米桔杆热解反应动力学的研究[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(5):527-531.Liu Ronghou,Yuan Hairong,Xu Lu.Study on pyrolysis kinetics of corn straw[J].Journal of Solar Energy,2007,28(5):527-531.
[10]Pravakar M,Sonil N,Kamal K P,et al.Evaluation of the physiochemical development of biochars obtained from pyrolysis of wheat straw[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2013,104:485-493.
[11]Pravakar M,Sonil N,Kamal K P,et al.Evaluation of the physiochemical development of biochars obtained from pyrolysis of wheat straw[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2013,104(1):485-493.
[12]黄柱坚,朱子骜,吴学深,等.皇竹草生物炭的结构特征及对重金属吸附作用机制[J].环境化学,2016,35(4):766-772.Huang Zhujian,Zhu Zi'ao,Wu Xueshen,et al.Structural characteristics of biochar in Huangzhu grass and mechanism of adsorption on heavy metals[J].Environmental Chemistry,2016,35(4):766-772.
[13]万霞,梅昌艮,何俐臻,等.磁性生物炭的制备、表征及对林的吸附特性[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(3):1069-1075.Wan Xia,Mei Changgen,He Lizhen,et al.On the synthesis,characterization and phosophate removal of the biocharbased magnetic comlosites[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2017,17(3):1069-1075.
[14]杜文琪,曹玮,周航,等.磁性生物炭对重金属污染废水处理条件优化级机理[J].环境科学学报,2017,9(11):136-141.Du Wenqi,Cao Wei,Zhou Hang,et al.Optimization conditions and the related mechanisms for magnetic biochar treatin wastewater polluted with heavy metals[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,9(11):136-141.
[15]Gong C,Chen D,Jiao X,et al.Continous hollowα-Fe2O3andɑ-Fe fibers prepared by sol-gek method[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2002,12(6):1844-1847.
[16]陈友媛,惠红霞,卢爽,等.浒苔生物炭的特征及其对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特点何吸附机制[J].环境科学,2017,38(9):3953-3960.Chen Youyuan,Hui Hongxia,Lu Shuang,et al.Characteristics of enteromorpha prolifera biochars and their adsorption performance and mechanisms for Cr(Ⅵ)[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(9):3953-3960.
[17]周琼.竹炭对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特性及动力学研究[J].工业用水与废水,2009,40(5):61-63.Zhou Qiong.Adsorption characteristics and kinetics of bamboo charcoal for Cr(Ⅵ)in aqueous solution[J].Industrial Water and Wastewater,2009,40(5):61-63.
[18]张双杰,刑宝林,黄光许,等.柚子皮水热炭对六价铬吸附[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(5):2731-2737.Zhang Shuangjie,Xing Baolin,Huang Guangxu,et al.Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ)by hydrothermal carbon from shaddock peel[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(5):2731-2737.
[19]王国惠.板栗壳对重金属Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(5):791-794.Wang Guohui.Study on the adsorption properties of chestnut shell to heavy metal Cr(Ⅵ)[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(5):791-794.
[20]丁世敏,封享华,汪玉庭,等.交联壳聚糖多孔微球对燃料的吸附平衡及吸附动力学分析[J].分析科学学报,2005,21(2):127-130.Ding Shimin,Feng Xianghua,Wang Yuting,et al.Adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics of crosslinked chitosan microsphere to fuel[J].Analytical Science Journal,2005,21(2):127-130.
[21]孙运飞,李文文,汪燕南,等.雌性生物炭的制备及其吸附性能的研究[J].工业水处理,2016,36(6):54-57.Sun Yunfei,Li Wenwen,Wang Yannan,et al.Study on the preparation of magnetic biochar and its adsorption capacity[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2016,36(6):54-57.