LED红、蓝、白组合光对茄子幼苗质量和果皮品质的影响
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摘要
本试验采用发光二极管(LED)精准调控光源环境,以‘改良大龙茄’为试材,在前期探明红/蓝组合光(R/B)=3/1有利于培育茄子壮苗基础上,以R/B=3/1(9/3,CK_1)和LED白光(W,CK_2)为对照,分别设定LED红蓝白组合光为:R/B/W=3/1/1(9/3/3,T_1)、R/B/W=9/3/8(T_2)、R/B/W=3/1/6(9/3/18,T_3)和R/B/W=3/1/16(9/3/48,T_4),研究其对茄子幼苗生长、根系发育及定植后茄子产量和品质的影响,以期为茄子集约化高效育苗和设施生产补光提供理论依据和技术指导.结果表明:R/B/W=9/3/8组合光处理下,茄子幼苗株高、茎粗、壮苗指数、地上部干重、根干重、根系发育,以及定植后茄皮花青素、类黄酮含量和前期产量均较高;R/B/W=3/1/1组合光处理下,幼苗根冠比、定植后茄皮总酚和果肉中可溶性糖含量较高;而R/B/W=3/1/6组合光处理下,全株叶面积及定植后茄子果肉中游离氨基酸含量较高;R/B/W=3/1/16组合光处理下,定植后茄子果肉中可溶性蛋白含量较高.不同红蓝白组合光可不同程度提高茄子幼苗质量及定植后茄子前期产量和品质,以R/B/W=9/3/8组合光效果最显著.
The effects of red/blue=3/1 [R/B=3/1(9/3), as control, CK_1], white light(W, as control, CK_2), and combined light of red, blue and white [R/B/W=3/1/1(9/3/3), T_1; R/B/W=9/3/8, T_2; R/B/W=3/1/6(9/3/18), T_3; R/B/W=3/1/16(9/3/48), T_4] on the growth, root development, quality and yield of eggplants were examined to provide theoretical and technical support for intensive and high-efficient light supplement and eggplant seedlings cultivation, using LED to accurately regulate light environment and ‘Gailiangdalong' eggplant, based on the previous findings of the benefits of R/B=3/1 to the cultivation of eggplant seedlings. The results showed that R/B/W=9/3/8 treatment significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, seedling index, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root development, anthocyanins and flavonoids content in eggplant peels and early yield. Root/shoot, total phenolic content in eggplant peels and soluble sugar content in pulps under R/B/W=3/1/1 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Total leaf area and free amino acid content in pulps were higher under R/B/W=3/1/6 treatment. The soluble protein content in pulps was higher under R/B/W=3/1/16 treatment. In summary, combined LED light of red, blue and white could improve the quality of eggplant seedlings and the yield and quality of eggplant fruits, with R/B/W=9/3/8 treatment being the best one in our study.
The effects of red/blue=3/1 [R/B=3/1(9/3), as control, CK_1], white light(W, as control, CK_2), and combined light of red, blue and white [R/B/W=3/1/1(9/3/3), T_1; R/B/W=9/3/8, T_2; R/B/W=3/1/6(9/3/18), T_3; R/B/W=3/1/16(9/3/48), T_4] on the growth, root development, quality and yield of eggplants were examined to provide theoretical and technical support for intensive and high-efficient light supplement and eggplant seedlings cultivation, using LED to accurately regulate light environment and ‘Gailiangdalong' eggplant, based on the previous findings of the benefits of R/B=3/1 to the cultivation of eggplant seedlings. The results showed that R/B/W=9/3/8 treatment significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, seedling index, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root development, anthocyanins and flavonoids content in eggplant peels and early yield. Root/shoot, total phenolic content in eggplant peels and soluble sugar content in pulps under R/B/W=3/1/1 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Total leaf area and free amino acid content in pulps were higher under R/B/W=3/1/6 treatment. The soluble protein content in pulps was higher under R/B/W=3/1/16 treatment. In summary, combined LED light of red, blue and white could improve the quality of eggplant seedlings and the yield and quality of eggplant fruits, with R/B/W=9/3/8 treatment being the best one in our study.
引文
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[35] Liu M-L (刘敏玲),Su M-H (苏明华),Pan D-M (潘东明),et al.The effect of different LED light on the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii.Subtropical Plant Science (亚热带植物科学),2013,42(1):46-48 (in Chinese)
[36] Wen L-L (文莲莲),Li Y (李岩),Qin L-J (秦利杰),et al.Effects of proportions of white,red and blue light qualities on the strong plants and photosynthetic characteristics in tomato seedlings.Journal of Plant Physiology (植物生理学报),2018,54(7):1223-1232 (in Chinese)
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[38] Chang T-T (常涛涛),Liu X-Y (刘晓英),Xu Z-G (徐志刚),et al.Effects of light spectral energy distribution on growth and development of tomato seedlings.Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学),2010,43(8):1748-1756 (in Chinese)
[39] Lei J (雷静),Zhang N (张娜),Yan R-X (阎瑞香),et al.Red and blue LED weak light irradiation maintaining quality of cherry tomatoes during cold stora-ge.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报),2016,32(9):248-254 (in Chinese)
[40] Chen XL,Xue XZ,Guo WZ,et al.Growth and nutritional properties of lettuce affected by mixed irradiation of white and supplemental light provided by light-emitting diode (LED).Scientia Horticulturae,2016,200:111-118
[41] Wu J (伍洁).Effect of Light Quality Ratio on Growth,Quality and Nutrient Absorption of Lettuce.Master Thesis.Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University,2016 (in Chinese)
[42] Ensminger PA,Sch?fer E.Blue and ultraviolet-B light photoreceptors in parsley cells.Photochemistry and Photobiology,2010,55:437-447
[43] Chen X (陈娴),Liu S-Q (刘世琦),Meng F-L (孟凡鲁),et al.Effects of light qualities on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Chinese chive.China Vegetables (中国蔬菜),2012(8):45-50 (in Chinese)
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[3] Heijde M,Ulm R.UV-B photoreceptor-mediated signalling in plants.Trends in Plant Science,2012,17:230-237
[4] Chen X (陈娴),Liu S-Q (刘世琦),Meng F-L (孟凡鲁),et al.Effects of different light emitting diode sources on quality in Chinese chive.Journal of Shandong Agricultural University (山东农业大学学报),2012,43(3):361-366 (in Chinese)
[5] Chang H (常宏),Wang Y-P (王玉萍),Wang D (王蒂),et al.Effects of light quality on microtuber induction of Solanum tuberosum L.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2009,20(8):1891-1895 (in Chinese)
[6] She X-H (佘雪辉),Wang Q-B (王巧彬),Zeng W-L (曾伟龙),et al.Effects of light quality on the growth and quality of cabbage.Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin (安徽农学通报),2017,23(24):49-52 (in Chinese)
[7] Park SY,Kim MJ.Development of zygotic embryos and seedlings is affected by radiation spectral compositions from light emitting diode (LED) system in chestnut (Castanea crenata S.et Z.).Journal of Korean Forest Society,2010,99:750-754
[8] Xu Y-Y (徐圆圆).Effects on Composite LED on Rooting and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Tissue Culture Seedlings of Cunningham Lanceolata.Master Thesis.Nanning:Guangxi University,2017 (in Chinese)
[9] Huang B-Y (黄碧阳),Lin B-Y (林碧英),Li C-X (李彩霞),et al.Effects of red and blue ratios of LED on growth and quality of spinach.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences (江苏农业科学),2018,46(7):131-135 (in Chinese)
[10] Wen J (闻婧),Yang Q-C (杨其长),Wei L-L (魏灵玲),et al.Influence of combined lighting with diffe-rent red and blue LED on photosynthetic characteristics and quality of lettuce and evaluation of energy consumption.Acta Horticulturae Sinica (园艺学报),2011,38(4):761-769 (in Chinese)
[11] Chen X-W (陈祥伟),Liu S-Q (刘世琦),Wang Y (王越),et al.Effects of different LED light qualities on growth,photosynthetic characteristics and nutritional quality of savoy.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2014,25(7):1955-1962 (in Chinese)
[12] Qiu X-W (仇学文),Xu J-M (许建民),Shi J-L (史金兰),et al.The effects of light quality on the growth of carnation in vitro.Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin (安徽农学通报),2018,24(9):45-47 (in Chinese)
[13] Guo Y-S (郭银生),Gu A-S (谷艾素),Cui J (崔瑾).Effects of light quality on rice seedlings growth and physiological characteristics.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2011,22(6):1485-1492 (in Chinese)
[14] Li Y (李岩),Wang L-W (王丽伟),Wen L-L (文莲莲),et al.Effects of red and blue light qualities on main fruit quality of tomato during color-turning period.Acta Horticulturae Sinica (园艺学报),2017,44(12):232-238 (in Chinese)
[15] Di Q-H (狄清华).Effects of Different LED Red and Blue Light Ratio on the Quality of Eggplant Seedlings.Master Thesis.Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University,2016 (in Chinese)
[16] Li Y-H (李亚华),Chen L (陈龙),Gao R-G (高荣广),et al.Effects of LED qualities on quality and antioxidation capacity of eggplant fruits.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2015,26(9):2728-2734 (in Chinese)
[17] Liu X-Y (刘晓英),Xu Z-G (徐志刚),Chang T-T (常涛涛),et al.Growth and photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedling exposed to different low light of LED light quality.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报),2010,30(4):725-732 (in Chinese)
[18] Liu Z-W (刘振威),Sun L (孙丽),Jia W-Q (贾文庆),et al.Effects of different LED light sources on morphogenesis and physiological characteristics of hot pepper seedlings.Northern Horticulture (北方园艺),2018(2):77-82 (in Chinese)
[19] Li X-Y (李夏媛),Wang Y-Y (王玉英),Su C (苏畅),et al.Effects of LED different light quality on growth and physiological characteristics of Cymbidium ‘Xiaguang’ in vitro.Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture (热带农业科学),2016,36(5):64-69 (in Chinese)
[20] Wu Q (武巧),Tan M (谭铭),Wu Z-T (吴宗田),et al.The effect of LED light source on the tissue culture of Pinellia ternata.Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials (中药材),2016,39(12):2695-2697 (in Chinese)
[21] Lin KH,Huang MY,Huang WD,et al.The effects of red,blue,and white light-emitting diodes on the growth,development,and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.var.capitata).Scientia Horticulturae,2013,150:86-91
[22] Guo S-R (郭世荣).Soilless Culture.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2003 (in Chinese)
[23] Zhao S-J (赵世杰),Shi G-A (史国安),Dong X-C (董新纯).Techniques of Physiological Experiment.Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2002 (in Chinese)
[24] Cao J-K (曹建康),Jiang W-B (姜微波),Zhao Y-M (赵玉梅).Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest Physiologi-cal and Biochemical Experiment Instruction.Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2007 (in Chinese)
[25] Li H-S (李合生).Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological and Biochemical Experiment.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006 (in Chinese)
[26] Pimputkar S,Speck JS,Denbaars SP,et al.Prospects for LED lighting.Nature Photonics,2009,3:180-182
[27] Yang J-W (杨俊伟),Bao E-C (鲍恩财),Zhang K-J (张珂嘉),et al.Effects of different ratios of red and blue light on anatomic structure and photosynthetic chara-cteristics of tomato leaf.Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica (西北农业学报),2018,27(5):716-726 (in Chinese)
[28] Li Y,Xin GF,Wei M,et al.Carbohydrate accumulation and sucrose metabolism responses in tomato seedling leaves when subjected to different light qualities.Scientia Horticulturae,2017,225:490-497
[29] Li Q (李强),Yao X (姚霞),Sun K (孙楷),et al.Effect of different light quality on growth,antioxidative enzyme activities and volatile oil content of Atractylodes lancea.Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae (中国实验方剂学杂志),2018,24(10):27-32 (in Chinese)
[30] Liu Q (刘庆),Lian H-F (连海峰),Liu S-Q (刘世琦),et al.Effects of different LED light qualities on photosynthetic characteristics,fruit production and qua-lity of strawberry.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2015,26(6):1743-1750 (in Chinese)
[31] Wang T (王婷),Li W-L (李雯琳),Gong F-E (巩芳娥),et al.Effects of different LED light qualities on growth and physiological characteristics of non-heading Chinese cabbage.Journal of Gansu Agricultural University (甘肃农业大学学报),2011,46(4):69-73 (in Chinese)
[32] Son KH,Jeon YM,Oh MM.Application of supplementary white and pulsed light-emitting diodes to lettuce grown in a plant factory with artificial lighting.Horticulture,Environment and Biotechnology,2016,57:560-572
[33] Su J (苏俊),Liu Y-W (刘昳雯),Yang F (杨凡),et al.Effect of different light qualities on physiological characteristics and growth of tobacco in vitro under light emitting diodes (LEDs).Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报),2014,34(6):1206-1212 (in Chinese)
[34] Wen L-L (文莲莲).Effects of Red,Blue and White Light Qualities and Supplemental Light Duration on Growth of Tomato Seedlings.Master Thesis.Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University,2018 (in Chinese)
[35] Liu M-L (刘敏玲),Su M-H (苏明华),Pan D-M (潘东明),et al.The effect of different LED light on the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii.Subtropical Plant Science (亚热带植物科学),2013,42(1):46-48 (in Chinese)
[36] Wen L-L (文莲莲),Li Y (李岩),Qin L-J (秦利杰),et al.Effects of proportions of white,red and blue light qualities on the strong plants and photosynthetic characteristics in tomato seedlings.Journal of Plant Physiology (植物生理学报),2018,54(7):1223-1232 (in Chinese)
[37] Dong C,Fu Y,Liu G,et al.Growth,photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant capacity and biomass yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to LED light sources with different spectra combinations.Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2014,200:219-230
[38] Chang T-T (常涛涛),Liu X-Y (刘晓英),Xu Z-G (徐志刚),et al.Effects of light spectral energy distribution on growth and development of tomato seedlings.Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学),2010,43(8):1748-1756 (in Chinese)
[39] Lei J (雷静),Zhang N (张娜),Yan R-X (阎瑞香),et al.Red and blue LED weak light irradiation maintaining quality of cherry tomatoes during cold stora-ge.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报),2016,32(9):248-254 (in Chinese)
[40] Chen XL,Xue XZ,Guo WZ,et al.Growth and nutritional properties of lettuce affected by mixed irradiation of white and supplemental light provided by light-emitting diode (LED).Scientia Horticulturae,2016,200:111-118
[41] Wu J (伍洁).Effect of Light Quality Ratio on Growth,Quality and Nutrient Absorption of Lettuce.Master Thesis.Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University,2016 (in Chinese)
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