BiOBr/TiO_2异质结催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性
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摘要
将碱热法和溶剂热法相结合,制备了不同配比的BiOBr/TiO_2异质结催化剂,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和光致发光光谱(PL)等技术对其结构、形貌和光学性能进行表征,并探讨BiOBr和TiO_2的配比对罗丹明B(RhB)脱色率的影响。结果显示,该异质结催化剂由锐钛矿相TiO_2纳米颗粒附着生长在BiOBr花状球表面构成;BiOBr和TiO_2摩尔比为1∶2的BiOBr/TiO_2催化剂在可见光照射下催化反应15min,RhB脱色率达96.5%;催化剂循环使用4次后,RhB脱色率仅降低7.94%,稳定性较好。Mott-Schottky曲线表明,该催化剂光催化活性的提升主要是由于在BiOBr和TiO_2界面上形成了p-n结,使电子-空穴对得到有效分离。光催化机理研究结果表明,O·-2是光催化反应过程中的主要活性物种,RhB的脱色主要是由于脱乙基和苯环开环氧化导致。
BiOBr/TiO_2 heterojunction catalysts with different ratios were prepared by a combination of alkaline heat and solvothermal methods.And the structures,morphologies and optical properties of the samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-visible diffuse-reflectance spectrum(UV-Vis DRS)and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy techniques.The effect of the ratio of BiOBr and TiO_2 on the decolorization rate of RhB was also investigated.The results show that the heterojunction catalyst is composed of anatase phase TiO_2 nanoparticles attached to the surface of the BiOBr flower sphere;and the decolorization rate of RhB reaches 96.5%after 15 minutes of visible-light irradiation with BiOBr/TiO_2 as catalyst(the molar ratio of BiOBr and TiO_2 is 1∶2);the decolorization rate of RhB reduces by 7.94%after four cycles,which indicates an excellent photocatalytic stability of the catalyst.Moreover,Mott-Schottky plots demonstrate that the enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the catalyst is mainly due to the formation of p-n junctions at the interface between BiOBr and TiO_2,which effectively separates the electron-hole pairs.According to the research results of photocatalytic mechanism,O·-2is the dominant active species in the photocatalysis reaction process,and the decolorization of RhB is mainly caused by the de-ethylation and epoxidation of benzene ring.
BiOBr/TiO_2 heterojunction catalysts with different ratios were prepared by a combination of alkaline heat and solvothermal methods.And the structures,morphologies and optical properties of the samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-visible diffuse-reflectance spectrum(UV-Vis DRS)and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy techniques.The effect of the ratio of BiOBr and TiO_2 on the decolorization rate of RhB was also investigated.The results show that the heterojunction catalyst is composed of anatase phase TiO_2 nanoparticles attached to the surface of the BiOBr flower sphere;and the decolorization rate of RhB reaches 96.5%after 15 minutes of visible-light irradiation with BiOBr/TiO_2 as catalyst(the molar ratio of BiOBr and TiO_2 is 1∶2);the decolorization rate of RhB reduces by 7.94%after four cycles,which indicates an excellent photocatalytic stability of the catalyst.Moreover,Mott-Schottky plots demonstrate that the enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the catalyst is mainly due to the formation of p-n junctions at the interface between BiOBr and TiO_2,which effectively separates the electron-hole pairs.According to the research results of photocatalytic mechanism,O·-2is the dominant active species in the photocatalysis reaction process,and the decolorization of RhB is mainly caused by the de-ethylation and epoxidation of benzene ring.
引文
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[22] WANG Y,SUNARSO J,ZHAO B,et al.One-dimensional BiOBr nanosheets/TiO2nanofibers composite:Controllable synthesis and enhanced visible photocatalytic activity[J].Ceramics International,2017,43(17):15769-15776.DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.08.140.
[23]LIU J Q,DAI M J,RUAN L L,et al.Novel multiheterostructured Pt-BiOBr/TiO2nanotube arrays with remarkable visible-light photocatalytic performance and stability[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2017,13(3):165-171.DOI:10.1007/s11801-017-7023-8.
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[29]LIU Z S,LIU J L,WANG H Y,et al.Boron-doped bismuth oxybromide microspheres with enhanced surface hydroxyl groups:Synthesis,characterization and dramatic photocatalytic activity[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2016(463):324-331.DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2015.10.028.
[30]ZHU S R,WU M K,ZHAO W N,et al.Fabrication of heterostructured BiOBr/Bi24O31Br10/TiO2 photocatalyst by pyrolysis of MOF composite for dye degradation[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2017(255):17-26.DOI:10.1016/j.jssc.2017.07.038.
[31]RUAN L L,LIU J Q,ZHOU Q,et al.A flake-tube structured BiOBr-TiO2 nanotube array heterojunction with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity[J].New Journal of Chemistry,2014,38(7):3022-3028.DOI:10.1039/c4nj00024b.
[32]WEI X X,CUI H T,GUO S Q,et al.Hybrid BiOBrTiO2nanocomposites with high visible light photocatalytic activity for water treatment[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013(263):650-658.DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.10.027.
[33]XUE C,ZHANG T X,DING S J,et al.Anchoring tailored low-index faceted BiOBr nanoplates onto TiO2nanorods to enhance the stability and visible-light-driven catalytic activity[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2017,9(19):16091-16102.DOI:10.1021/acsami.7b00433.
[34]WANG J,GUO P,DOU M F,et al.Visible lightdriven g-C3N4/m-Ag2Mo2O7 composite photocatalysts:synthesis,enhanced activity and photocatalytic mechanism[J].Rsc Advances,2014,4(92):51008-51015.DOI:10.1039/c4ra09224d.
[35]LIU G S,YOU S J,TAN Y,et al.In situ photochemical activation of sulfate for enhanced degradation of organic pollutants in water[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2017,51(4):2339-2346.DOI:10.1021/acs.est.6b05090.
[36]刘华俊,彭天右,彭正合,等.Dy/WO3光催化降解罗丹明B的反应机理[J].武汉大学学报(理学版),2007,53(2):127-132.LIU H J,PENG T Y,PENG Z H,et al.Photocatalytic degradation mechanism of RB over Dy-Doped WO3photocatalysts[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Natural Science Edition),2007,53(2):127-132(Ch).