珠江三角洲城市群生态状况变化遥感评价
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摘要
为了解珠江三角洲城市群的生态状况,基于珠江三角洲城市群2006年和2016年的Landsat卫星影像,对比、分析EI法与RSEI法对珠江三角洲城市群生态状况的评价,分析珠江三角洲城市群的生态状况及动态变化。结果表明,EI法与RSEI法评价珠江三角洲城市群生态状况结果差异不明显,RSEI法能有效反映城市群的生态状况。2006年珠江三角洲城市群生态状况主要受湿度指标影响,2016年生态状况主要受绿度指标影响。2006年珠江三角洲城市群生态状况以良为主,2016年以良和优为主。2006-2016年,珠江三角洲城市群生态状况不断改善,有向优、良转变的趋势,生态状况改善的地区主要分布在城市群边缘、植被盖度较高或高海拔的地区,占总面积的48.71%;生态状况变差的地区主要分布在城市群中部发展较快的、密集居民区和工业基地等人类活动频繁的地区,占总面积的6.42%。
Since the reform and opening up,the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration(PRDUA)has developed rapidly,and the negative environmental effects have changed constantly.Based on the Landsat satellite images of the PRDUA in 2006 and 2016,this paper compared and analyzed the EI(ecological index)method and RSEI(remote sensing ecological index)method to evaluate the ecological status of PRDUA,and analyzed the ecological status and dynamic changes.The results showed that there was no obvious difference between the results of the EI method and the RSEI method,and the RSEI method could effectively reflect the ecological status of the PRDUA.In 2006,the ecological status of the PRDUA was mainly affected by the humidity index,while in 2016,by the greenness index.In 2006,the ecological status of the PRDUA was good,and 2016 it was dominated by good and excellent.From 2006 to 2016,the ecological status of PRDUA had been constantly improved,with the phenomenon of excellent and good transformation.The areas with improved ecological status were mainly distributed in the edges of the urban agglomeration,the high vegetation coverage or high altitude,accounting for 48.71%of the total area.The areas with deteriorated ecological status were mainly distributed in areas with rapid human activities such as densely populated areas and industrial bases in the middle of the urban agglomeration,accounting for 6.42%of the total area.
Since the reform and opening up,the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration(PRDUA)has developed rapidly,and the negative environmental effects have changed constantly.Based on the Landsat satellite images of the PRDUA in 2006 and 2016,this paper compared and analyzed the EI(ecological index)method and RSEI(remote sensing ecological index)method to evaluate the ecological status of PRDUA,and analyzed the ecological status and dynamic changes.The results showed that there was no obvious difference between the results of the EI method and the RSEI method,and the RSEI method could effectively reflect the ecological status of the PRDUA.In 2006,the ecological status of the PRDUA was mainly affected by the humidity index,while in 2016,by the greenness index.In 2006,the ecological status of the PRDUA was good,and 2016 it was dominated by good and excellent.From 2006 to 2016,the ecological status of PRDUA had been constantly improved,with the phenomenon of excellent and good transformation.The areas with improved ecological status were mainly distributed in the edges of the urban agglomeration,the high vegetation coverage or high altitude,accounting for 48.71%of the total area.The areas with deteriorated ecological status were mainly distributed in areas with rapid human activities such as densely populated areas and industrial bases in the middle of the urban agglomeration,accounting for 6.42%of the total area.
引文
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[2]王金叶,程道品,胡新添,等.广西生态环境评价指标体系及模糊评价[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(4):5-8.WANG J Y,CHEN D P,HU X T,et al.Fuzzy evaluation index system of ecological environment in Guangxi[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2006,21(4):5-8.(in Chinese)
[3] FINNVEDEN G,HAUSCHILD M Z,EKVALL T,et al.Recent developments in life Cycle Assessment[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,91(1):1-21.
[4] ASPINALL R,PEARSON D.Integrated geographical assessment of environmental condition in water catchments:Linking landscape ecology,environmental modelling and GIS[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2000,59(4):299-319.
[5] JAAFARI S,SAKIEH Y,SHABANI A A,et al.Landscape change assessment of reservation areas using remote sensing and landscape metrics(case study:Jajroud reservation,Iran)[J].Environment Development&Sustainability,2016,17(5):1-17.
[6] MEKURIAW A.Assessing the effectiveness of land resource management practices on erosion and vegetative cover using GIS and remote sensing techniques in Melaka watershed,Ethiopia[J].Environmental Systems Research,2017,6(1):16.
[7] HJ/T 192-2006.生态状况评价技术规范(试行)[S].2006.
[8] HJ 192-2015.生态状况评价技术规范[S].2015.
[9]王之明,母国宏.遥感技术在贵州省生态环境质量评价体系中的应用[J].环保科技,2011,17(2):23-27.
[10]何倩.陕北地区输油管线工程环境影响评价分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2012.
[11]张沛,徐海量,杜清,等.基于RS和GIS的塔里木河干流生态状况评价[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(2):416-422.ZHANG P,XU H L,DU Q,et al.Change of ecological conditions in the mainstream area of the Tarim River based on RS and GIS during the period of 1990-2010[J].Arid Zone Research 2017,34(2):416-422.(in Chinese)
[12]叶有华,梁永贤,沈一青,等.《生态状况评价技术规范(试行)》中若干值得商榷的问题[J].热带地理,2009,29(4):404-406.YE Y H,LIANG Y X,SHENG Y Q,et al.Some issues related to“technical criterion for eco-environmental status evaluation(trial implementation)[J].Tropical Geography,2009,29(4):404-406.(in Chinese)
[13]刘建红,徐建军,李诚,等.基于遥感更新的省级生物丰度归一化系数研究——以湖北省为例[J].江汉大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(4):46-50.
[14]徐涵秋.区域生态环境变化的遥感评价指数[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):889-897.XU H Q.A remote sensing index for assessment of regional ecological changes[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(5):889-897.(in Chinese)
[15]徐涵秋,张好.海岛型城市扩展的生态效应分析——以厦门岛为例[J].地理科学,2015,35(7):867-872.
[16]宋慧敏,薛亮.基于遥感生态指数模型的渭南市生态环境质量动态监测与分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3913-3919.SONG H M,XUE L.Dynamic monitoring and analysis of ecological environment in Weinan City,northwest China based on RS EI model[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(12):3913-3919.(in Chinese)
[17]高鹏,徐志刚,陈绍杰,等.基于遥感生态指数的永定客家土楼遗产地生态评价[J].科技通报,2017,33(10):58-63.
[18]佟光臣,林杰,陈杭,等.1994—2014年连云港市赣榆区生态变化评估[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):352-357.TONG G C,LIN J,CHEN H,et al.Ecological change assessment in Ganyu of Lianyungang City from 1994to 2014[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(6):352-357.(in Chinese)
[19] BOYD D S,FOODY G M.An overview of recent remote sensing and GIS based research in ecological informatics[J].Ecological Informatics,2011,6:25-36.
[20]温小乐,林征峰,唐菲.新兴海岛型城市建设引发的生态变化的遥感分析——以福建平潭综合实验区为例[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(2):541-547.WEN X L,LIN Z F,TANG F.Remote sensing analysis of ecological change caused by construction of the new island city:Pingtan comprehensive experimental zone,Fujian Province[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(2):541-547.(in Chinese)
[21]珠江三角洲城市群年鉴编纂委员会.2016珠江三角洲城市群年鉴[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2016.
[22]广东省人民政府.印发《珠江三角洲环境保护一体化规划(2009-2020年)》的通知[EB/OL].http://zwgk.gd.gov.cn/006939748/201008/t20100810_12100.html,2010-07-30/2018-3-28.
[23]郑勇.基于TM数据的生态环境指数提取及变化分析[D].南京:南京林业大学,2014.
[24]徐涵秋.水土流失区生态变化的遥感评估[J].农业工程学报,2013(7):91-97.XU H Q.Assessment of ecological change in soil loss area using remote sensing technology[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013(7):91-97.(in Chinese)
[25]刘智才,徐涵秋,李乐,等.基于遥感生态指数的杭州市城市生态变化[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(4):728-739.LIU Z C,XU H Q,LI L,et al.Ecological change in the Hangzhou area using the remote sensing based ecological index[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2015,23(4):728-739.(in Chinese)