粤北矿业活动影响区重金属低积累水稻品种筛选研究
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摘要
以12个水稻品种为试验材料,采用田间试验,探讨重金属复合污染土壤条件下,12个水稻品种产量变化及稻米中重金属含量的差异,并通过聚类分析分别获得稻米中As、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn低积累水稻品种,以期筛选出适应于粤北矿业活动影响区的重金属低积累水稻品种。研究结果表明,在重金属复合污染土壤条件下,水稻品种中除Cd含量超过《粮食(含谷物、豆类、薯类)及制品中铅、铬、镉、汞、硒、砷、铜、锌等八种元素限量》(NY 861-2004)标准外,其他元素As、Cu、Pb和Zn含量均很低,符合该标准的限量要求;通过聚类分析,筛选出针对单一重金属积累最低的一类水稻品种;综合考虑,推荐五优9708和Y两优1号这两个水稻品种为适应于粤北地区的重金属低积累水稻品种,可在粤北地区复合污染土壤上推广种植。在农田土壤修复工程案例实施中,选择适合当地种植的低积累水稻品种,可实现农作物安全生产。
With 12 rice varieties as experimental material,field experiments will be used to discuss 12 varieties yield changes and differences in content of heavy metals in rice under the condition of soil heavy metals compound pollution,and get rice varieties with low As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn accumulation by clustering analysis respectively,in order to select suitable rice varieties.in mining activities affect area with low heavy metal accumulation.The research results show that under the condition of the soil heavy metal compound pollution,except the Cd content in rice varieties exceeds the food(including grains,beans,potato) and products limits in the content of lead,arsenic,chromium,cadmium,mercury,selenium,copper,zinc etc eight elements limit "standard(NY 861-2004),the other elements As,Cu,Pb,and Zn levels are low,in line with the requirements of the standard content;The rice varieties with the lowest accumulation of heavy metals are selected by cluster analysis.After comprehensive consideration,Wuyou 9708 and Y liangyou 1,two rice varieties,are recommended to be rice varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals suitable for northern Guangdong,and can be promoted to be planted on the soil of compound pollution in northern Guangdong.In the case of farmland soil remediation project,selecting low accumulation rice varieties suitable for local cultivation can achieve safety production of crops.
With 12 rice varieties as experimental material,field experiments will be used to discuss 12 varieties yield changes and differences in content of heavy metals in rice under the condition of soil heavy metals compound pollution,and get rice varieties with low As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn accumulation by clustering analysis respectively,in order to select suitable rice varieties.in mining activities affect area with low heavy metal accumulation.The research results show that under the condition of the soil heavy metal compound pollution,except the Cd content in rice varieties exceeds the food(including grains,beans,potato) and products limits in the content of lead,arsenic,chromium,cadmium,mercury,selenium,copper,zinc etc eight elements limit "standard(NY 861-2004),the other elements As,Cu,Pb,and Zn levels are low,in line with the requirements of the standard content;The rice varieties with the lowest accumulation of heavy metals are selected by cluster analysis.After comprehensive consideration,Wuyou 9708 and Y liangyou 1,two rice varieties,are recommended to be rice varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals suitable for northern Guangdong,and can be promoted to be planted on the soil of compound pollution in northern Guangdong.In the case of farmland soil remediation project,selecting low accumulation rice varieties suitable for local cultivation can achieve safety production of crops.
引文
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[12]刘建国,李坤权,张祖建,等.水稻不同品种对铅吸收、分配的差异及机理[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(2):291-294.
[13]JIANG S,SHI C,WU J.Studies on mineral nutrition and safety of wild rice (Oryza L.)[J].International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition,2009,60(s1):139-147.
[14]陈笑.水稻镉(Cd)毒害及其防治研究进展[J].广东微量元素科学,2010,17(7):1-7.
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[16]谢武双,李贵杰,陈卫平,等.韶关市翁源县铁龙林场土壤重金属修复[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(9):2690-2698.
[2]田美玲,钟雪梅,张云霞,等.矿业活动影响区稻田土壤和稻米中重金属含量及健康风险[J].环境科学,2018,39(6):2919-2926.
[3]焦洪鹏,朱凰榕,江海燕,等.粤北矿区污染农田土壤中重金属分布特征及相关性研究[J].中国农学通报,2017(19):93-100.
[4]陆素芬,张云霞,余元元,等.广西南丹土壤-玉米重金属积累特征及其健康风险[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(8):706-714.
[5]叶永钦,黄国龙,林子江,等.粤北凡口铅锌矿区土壤重金属元素污染特征及评价[J].地质学刊,2018,42(1):137-144.
[6]冯慧敏,李海渤.粤北地区重金属污染菜地现状及土壤修复对策与建议-以韶关为例[J].湖南生态科学学报,2018,5(3):48-56.
[7]USEPA.Superfund Public Health Evalution Manual[Z].Washington DC,USA:USEPA,1986.
[8]林小兵,周利军,王惠明,等.不同水稻品种对重金属的积累特征[J].环境科学,2018,39(11):5158-5206.
[9]SEKHAR K C,KAMALA C T,CHARY N S,et al.Potential of Hemidesmus indicus for phytoextraction of lead from industrially contaminated soils[J].Chemosphere,2005,58(4):0-514.
[10]周歆,周航,胡淼,等.不同杂交水稻品种糙米中重金属Cd、Zn、As含量的差异研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(11):145-150.
[11]杨春刚,廖西元,章秀福,等.不同基因型水稻籽粒对镉积累的差异[J].中国水稻科学,2006,20(6):660-662.
[12]刘建国,李坤权,张祖建,等.水稻不同品种对铅吸收、分配的差异及机理[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(2):291-294.
[13]JIANG S,SHI C,WU J.Studies on mineral nutrition and safety of wild rice (Oryza L.)[J].International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition,2009,60(s1):139-147.
[14]陈笑.水稻镉(Cd)毒害及其防治研究进展[J].广东微量元素科学,2010,17(7):1-7.
[15]蒋彬,张慧萍.水稻精米中铅镉砷含量基因型差异的研究[J].云南师范大学学报,2002,22(3):37-40.
[16]谢武双,李贵杰,陈卫平,等.韶关市翁源县铁龙林场土壤重金属修复[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(9):2690-2698.