济宁采煤塌陷地区生态适宜度评价
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摘要
选取济宁市兖州区、邹城市部分煤矿开采区为研究对象,针对影响采煤塌陷区生态环境的主要因素,以生态位适宜度的理论为基础,利用层次分析法和德尔菲法构建矿区生态适宜性评价体系及模型,并通过多因子评价综合叠加方法和空间分析原理评价矿区生态适宜性的区域分布特征,最终实现矿区塌陷土地的生态适宜度综合评价的可视化。研究结果表明,生态环境适宜区域分布在泗河和白马河沿岸,面积约12.092km2,占研究区域面积的17.25%;生态环境最不适宜区域主要分布在采矿厂、矸石山、城乡建设用地周围,面积约5.72km2,占研究区域面积的8.16%。
This paper takes some coal mining areas in Yanzhou district and Zoucheng county of Jining city as the research areas,the main influencing factors on ecological environment in the coal mining subsidence area are first analyzed.Then based on niche theory,the ecological suitability evaluation system and model are constructed using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and delphi method.Finally,applying spatial analysis principles and multiple criteria evaluation(MCE),the ecological suitability of the research area are assessed and its spatial distribution characteristics are visualized.The results show that the most ecologically suitable areas are distributed along the Si river and the Baima river,with about 12.092 km2,covering approximately17.25% of the study area;the most unfavorable areas are mainly distributed around mining plants,waste rock,and construction sites,with about 5.72 km2,occupying 8.16% of the whole region.
This paper takes some coal mining areas in Yanzhou district and Zoucheng county of Jining city as the research areas,the main influencing factors on ecological environment in the coal mining subsidence area are first analyzed.Then based on niche theory,the ecological suitability evaluation system and model are constructed using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and delphi method.Finally,applying spatial analysis principles and multiple criteria evaluation(MCE),the ecological suitability of the research area are assessed and its spatial distribution characteristics are visualized.The results show that the most ecologically suitable areas are distributed along the Si river and the Baima river,with about 12.092 km2,covering approximately17.25% of the study area;the most unfavorable areas are mainly distributed around mining plants,waste rock,and construction sites,with about 5.72 km2,occupying 8.16% of the whole region.
引文
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[16]童柳华,刘劲松,严家平.谢桥矿区采煤塌陷积水区环境效应分析[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(6):1143-1146.TONG Liuhua,LIU Jinsong,YAN Jiaping.Analysis on environmental impact to Xieqiao coal mining subsided water area[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(6):1143-1146.
[17]何丹,金凤君,周璟.资源型城市建设用地适宜性评价研究---以济宁市大运河生态经济区为例[J].地理研究,2011,30(4):655-666.HE Dan,JIN Fengjun,ZHOU Jing.Urban construction land suitability evaluation inresource-based cities:taking the Grand Canal ecologic and economic area as an example[J].Geographical Research,2011,30(4):655-666.
[18]奚星伍,陶雨薇.基于生态适宜性评价的皖北县域生态功能区划研究---以颍上县为例[J].安徽建筑大学学报,2017,25(3):70-74.XI Xingwu,TAO Yuwei.Ecological function division study of northern Anhui province based on ecological suitability evaluation---with Yingshang county as an example[J].Journal of Anhui Jianzhu University,2017,25(3):70-74.
[19]邱彭华,俞鸣同,曾从盛.旅游地景观生态规划与设计研究[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(1):51-56.QIU Penghua,YU Mingtong,ZENG Congsheng.A research on landscape ecological planning and design in tourist destinations[J].Tourism Tribune,2004,19(1):51-56.
[20]李研宁,邵国庆.微山县采煤塌陷地综合利用技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2011(8):102-104.LI Yanning,SHAO Guoqing.Study on comprehensive utilization technology of coal mining subsidence area in Weishan county[J].Coal Engineering,2011(8):102-104.
[21]何辉,王锦,王楠,等.和顺湿地生态适宜性评价[J].林业调查规划,2015,40(2):54-58.HE Hui,WANG Jin,WANG Nan,et al.Ecological suitability assessment of Heshun wetland[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2015,40(2):54-58.
[22]张鸿龄,孙丽娜,孙铁珩,等.矿山废弃地生态修复过程中基质改良与植被重建研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):460-467.ZHANG Hongling,SUN Lina,SUN Tieheng,et al.Substrate amelioration and vegetation reconstruction in ecological remediation of abandoned mines:research advances[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(2):460-467.
[2]王夏晖,何军,饶胜,等.山水林田湖草生态保护修复思路与实践[J].环境保护,2018(S1):17-20.WANG Xiahui,HE Jun,RAO Sheng,et al.Design of implementation path of ecological engineering for ecological protection and restoration of multi ecological elements[J].Environmental Protection,2018(S1):17-20.
[3]欧阳志云,王如松,符贵南.生态位适宜度模型及其在土地利用适宜性评价中的应用[J].生态学报,1996,16(2):113-120.OUYANG Zhiyun,WANG Rusong,FU Guinan.Ecological niche suitability model and its application in land suitability assessment[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,1996,16(2):113-120.
[4]蒙莉娜,郑新奇,赵璐,等.基于生态位适宜度模型的土地利用功能分区[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(3):282-287.MENG Lina,ZHENG Xinqi,ZHAO Lu,et al.Land-use functional regionalization based on niche-fitness model[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2011,27(3):282-287.
[5]SUH J,BROWNSON J R S.Solar farm suitability using geographic information system fuzzy sets and analytic hierarchy processes:case study of Ulleung island,Korea[J].Energies,2016,9(8):648.
[6]WANG J,ZHAO F,YANG J,et al.Mining site reclamation planning based on land suitability analysis and ecosystem services evaluation:a case study in Liaoning province,China[J].Sustainability,2017,9(6):890.
[7]李江平,许捍卫.基于遥感与GIS技术的矿区生态适宜性评价与变化过程分析[J].工程勘察,2017,45(10):52-58.LI Jiangping,XU Hanwei.Ecological suitability assessment and process analysis in the mining area based on remote sensing and GIS technology[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2017,45(10):52-58.
[8]王骎骎,江滢,赵国庆,等.基于GIS的用地适宜性评价方法及应用---以新加坡怀化生态工业园概念规划为例[J].规划师,2011,27(4):52-56.WANG Qinqin,JIANG Ying,ZHAO Guoqing.Method and application of land suitability based on GIS:SingaporeHuaihua industrial park example[J].Planners,2011,27(4):52-56.
[9]丁宁,金晓斌,汤小橹,等.生态位适宜度变权法在高速铁路临时用地复垦适宜性评价中的应用---以京沪高铁常州段典型制梁场为例[J].资源科学,2010,32(12):2349-2355.DING Ning,JIN Xiaobin,TANG Xiaolu,et al.An application of the variable weight method based on ecological nichefitness to reclamation suitability evaluation for land temporarily used for high-speed railway construction:a case study in Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway Changzhou section[J].Resources Science,2010,32(12):2349-2355.
[10]吴春生,黄翀,刘高焕,等.基于模糊层次分析法的黄河三角洲生态脆弱性评价[J].生态学报,2018,38(13):4584-4595.WU Chunsheng,HUANG Chong,LIU Gaohuan,et al.Assessment of ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Delta using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,38(13):4584-4595.
[11]WU J,MARCEAU D.Modeling complex ecological systems:an introduction[J].Ecological Modelling,2002,153(1):1-6.
[12]LIU M,ZHANG J.Appraisal on logistics park niche fitness based on gray relation analysis[C]∥2007conference on systems science,management science and system dynamics.2007.
[13]张秋玲,李保莲,李东敏,等.基于层次分析法的矿区待复垦土地适宜性评价[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(5):102-104.ZHANG Qiuling,LI Baolian,LI Dongmin,et al.Evaluation on suitability of needed reclaiming land in Xinhe mining area by AHP[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2009,37(5):102-104.
[14]蔡利平,李钢,孙久运,等.采煤塌陷区土地复垦适宜性评价单元划分研究[J].中国煤炭,2011,37(12):104-108.CAI Liping,LI Gang,SUN Jiuyun,et al.Research about unit of the reclamation suitability evaluation in coal mining subsidence area[J].China Coal,2011,37(12):104-108.
[15]吴立新,马保东,刘善军.基于SPOT卫星NDVI数据的神东矿区植被覆盖动态变化分析[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1217-1222.WU Lixin,MA Baodong,LIU Shanjun.Analysis to vegetation coverage change in shendong mining area with SPOT NDVIdata[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(9):1217-1222.
[16]童柳华,刘劲松,严家平.谢桥矿区采煤塌陷积水区环境效应分析[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(6):1143-1146.TONG Liuhua,LIU Jinsong,YAN Jiaping.Analysis on environmental impact to Xieqiao coal mining subsided water area[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(6):1143-1146.
[17]何丹,金凤君,周璟.资源型城市建设用地适宜性评价研究---以济宁市大运河生态经济区为例[J].地理研究,2011,30(4):655-666.HE Dan,JIN Fengjun,ZHOU Jing.Urban construction land suitability evaluation inresource-based cities:taking the Grand Canal ecologic and economic area as an example[J].Geographical Research,2011,30(4):655-666.
[18]奚星伍,陶雨薇.基于生态适宜性评价的皖北县域生态功能区划研究---以颍上县为例[J].安徽建筑大学学报,2017,25(3):70-74.XI Xingwu,TAO Yuwei.Ecological function division study of northern Anhui province based on ecological suitability evaluation---with Yingshang county as an example[J].Journal of Anhui Jianzhu University,2017,25(3):70-74.
[19]邱彭华,俞鸣同,曾从盛.旅游地景观生态规划与设计研究[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(1):51-56.QIU Penghua,YU Mingtong,ZENG Congsheng.A research on landscape ecological planning and design in tourist destinations[J].Tourism Tribune,2004,19(1):51-56.
[20]李研宁,邵国庆.微山县采煤塌陷地综合利用技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2011(8):102-104.LI Yanning,SHAO Guoqing.Study on comprehensive utilization technology of coal mining subsidence area in Weishan county[J].Coal Engineering,2011(8):102-104.
[21]何辉,王锦,王楠,等.和顺湿地生态适宜性评价[J].林业调查规划,2015,40(2):54-58.HE Hui,WANG Jin,WANG Nan,et al.Ecological suitability assessment of Heshun wetland[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2015,40(2):54-58.
[22]张鸿龄,孙丽娜,孙铁珩,等.矿山废弃地生态修复过程中基质改良与植被重建研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):460-467.ZHANG Hongling,SUN Lina,SUN Tieheng,et al.Substrate amelioration and vegetation reconstruction in ecological remediation of abandoned mines:research advances[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(2):460-467.