MMC闭锁退出运行时直流侧过电压分析
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摘要
模块化多电平换流器是柔性直流输电技术中的重要组成部分,柔性直流电网中直流过电压对整个系统的危害很大,因此对换流器闭锁退出运行后出现过电压进行仿真和机理分析。分析了换流器中子模块的6种工作状态和MMC的等效模型,根据换流站类型分为送端和受端换流站两种情况,基于PSCAD/EMTDC平台仿真换流器因故障闭锁后直流电压的变化情况,并根据等效电路分析换流站端口直流电压的动态发展过程和机理。由仿真结果发现,PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件具有一定的缺陷,不能真实地反映断路器的断开,会产生虚拟过电压,并进一步分析了换流站闭锁后电压的变化趋势和产生原因。
The modular multi-level converter is an important part of VSC-HVDC technology. The DC overv oltage in VSC-HVDC grid is very harmful to the whole system. Therefore, this paper analyzes the DC overvoltage mechanism of the converter block.Firstly, the six kinds of working state of sub-module are analyzed.Then, according to the types of converter stations, they are divided into sending and receiving ends. The change of DC voltage caused by blocked converter is simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software. The mechanism and dynamic process of DC voltage are analyzed in detail according to the equivalent circuit. Through the analysis of the simulation waveform, it is found that the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software has some shortcomings, could not truly reflect the disconnection of circuit breakers, and generates virtual overvoltage. The reason and the trend of the changed DC voltage caused by blocked converter are summarized.
The modular multi-level converter is an important part of VSC-HVDC technology. The DC overv oltage in VSC-HVDC grid is very harmful to the whole system. Therefore, this paper analyzes the DC overvoltage mechanism of the converter block.Firstly, the six kinds of working state of sub-module are analyzed.Then, according to the types of converter stations, they are divided into sending and receiving ends. The change of DC voltage caused by blocked converter is simulated by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software. The mechanism and dynamic process of DC voltage are analyzed in detail according to the equivalent circuit. Through the analysis of the simulation waveform, it is found that the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software has some shortcomings, could not truly reflect the disconnection of circuit breakers, and generates virtual overvoltage. The reason and the trend of the changed DC voltage caused by blocked converter are summarized.
引文
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[15]王彩芝,姜映辉,王俊江,等.基于PSCAD/EMTDC的HVDC接地极线路故障仿真[J].中国电力,2014,47(2):69-72.Wang Caizhi,Jiang Yinghui,Wang Junjiang,et al.PSCAD/EMTDC-based simulation research on HVDC grounding line fault[J].Electric Power,2014,47(2):69-72(in Chinese).
[16]行登江,吴金龙,王先为,等.MMC-HVDC系统直流断线故障特性分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1825-1832.Xing Dengjiang,Wu Jinlong,Wang Xianwei,et al.Analysis on characteristic of DC transmission line breakage fault in modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1825-1832(in Chinese).
[17]许建中,李承昱,熊岩,等.模块化多电平换流器高效建模方法研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3381-3392.Xu Jianzhong,Li Chengyu,Xiong Yan,et al.A review of efficient modeling methods for modular multilevel converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3381-3392(in Chinese).
[18]陈海荣.交流系统故障时VSC-HVDC系统的控制与保护策略研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[19]戴志辉,朱惠君,严思齐,等.钳位双子模块型模块化多电平换流器交流侧故障对直流侧的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(12):3568-3577+16.Dai Zhihui,Zhu Huijun,Yan Siqi,et al.Influence of clamp double submodule-modular multilevel converter AC-side faults on DC-side quantities[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(12):3568-3577+16(in Chinese).
[20]裴旵,吕思颖,秦昕,等.特高压直流输电系统换流站故障过电压研究[J].电力系统保护与控制.2016,44(12):149-154.Pei Chan,Lv Siying,Qin Xin,et al.Study on fault overvoltage of converter station of UHVDC power transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(12):149-154(in Chinese).
[21]许建中,赵成勇,Aniruddha M.Gole.模块化多电平换流器戴维南等效整体建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(8):1919-1929.Xu Jianzhong,Zhao chengyong,Aniruddha M.Gole.Research on the Thévenin’s Equivalent based integral modelling method of the modular multilevel converter(MMC)[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(8):1919-1929(in Chinese).
[22]张弛.高压直流断路器及其关键技术[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[2]徐政,陈海荣.电压源换流器型直流输电技术综述[J].高电压技术,2007,33(1):1-10.Xu Zheng,Chen Hairong.Review and applications of VSCHVDC[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(1):1-10(in Chinese).
[3]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):8-17.Tang Guangfu,Luo Xiang,Wei Xiaoguang.Multi-terminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17(in Chinese).
[4]汤广福.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.
[5]陈名,饶宏,李立浧,等.南澳柔性直流输电系统主接线分析[J].南方电网技术,2012,6(6):1-5.Chen Ming,Rao Hong,Li Licheng,et al.Analysis on the main wiring of Nan’ao VSC-HVDC transmission system[J].Southern Power System Technology,2012,6(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[6]周浩,沈扬,李敏,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程换流站绝缘配合[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):879-890.Zhou Hao,Shen Yang,Li Min,et al.Research on insulation coordination for converter stations of Zhoushan multiterminal VSC-HVDC transmission project[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):879-890(in Chinese).
[7]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平电压源换流器的数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(24):1-8.Wang Shanshan,Zhou Xiaoxin,Tang Guangfu,et al.Modeling of modular multilevel voltage source converter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(24):1-8(in Chinese).
[8]Saad H,Peralta J,Dennetière S,et al.Dynamic averaged and simplified models for MMC-based HVDC transmission systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(3):1723-1730.
[9]徐政.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[10]Li Shaohua,Wang Xiuli,Yao Zhiqing,et al.Circulating curr ent suppressing strategy for MMC-HVDC based on nonideal proportional resonant controllers under unbalanced grid conditions[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(1):387-397.
[11]李英彪,卜广全,王姗姗,等.张北柔直电网工程直流线路短路过程中直流过电压分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3391-3399.Li Yingbiao,Pu Guangquan,Wang Shanshan,et al.Analysis of DC overvoltage caused by DC short-circu it fault in Zhangbei VSC-based DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3391-3399(in Chinese).
[12]赵成勇,陈晓芳,曹春刚,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流侧故障控制保护策略[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(23):82-87.Zhao Chengyong,Chen Xiaofang,Cao Chungang,et al.Control and protection strategies for MMC-HVDC under DCfaults[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2011,35(23):82-87(in Chinese).
[13]张建坡,赵成勇.MMC-HVDC直流侧故障特性仿真分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(7):32-37.Zhang Jianpo,Zhao Chengyong.Simulation and analysis of DC-link fault characteristics for MMC-HVDC[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(7):32-37(in Chinese).
[14]赵成勇,李探,俞露杰,等.MMC-HVDC直流单极接地故障分析与换流站故障恢复策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(21):3518-3526.Zhao Chengyong,Li Tan,Yu Lujie,et al.DC pole-to-ground fault characteristic analysis and converter fault recovery strategy of MMC-HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(21):3518-3526(in Chinese).
[15]王彩芝,姜映辉,王俊江,等.基于PSCAD/EMTDC的HVDC接地极线路故障仿真[J].中国电力,2014,47(2):69-72.Wang Caizhi,Jiang Yinghui,Wang Junjiang,et al.PSCAD/EMTDC-based simulation research on HVDC grounding line fault[J].Electric Power,2014,47(2):69-72(in Chinese).
[16]行登江,吴金龙,王先为,等.MMC-HVDC系统直流断线故障特性分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1825-1832.Xing Dengjiang,Wu Jinlong,Wang Xianwei,et al.Analysis on characteristic of DC transmission line breakage fault in modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1825-1832(in Chinese).
[17]许建中,李承昱,熊岩,等.模块化多电平换流器高效建模方法研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3381-3392.Xu Jianzhong,Li Chengyu,Xiong Yan,et al.A review of efficient modeling methods for modular multilevel converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3381-3392(in Chinese).
[18]陈海荣.交流系统故障时VSC-HVDC系统的控制与保护策略研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[19]戴志辉,朱惠君,严思齐,等.钳位双子模块型模块化多电平换流器交流侧故障对直流侧的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(12):3568-3577+16.Dai Zhihui,Zhu Huijun,Yan Siqi,et al.Influence of clamp double submodule-modular multilevel converter AC-side faults on DC-side quantities[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(12):3568-3577+16(in Chinese).
[20]裴旵,吕思颖,秦昕,等.特高压直流输电系统换流站故障过电压研究[J].电力系统保护与控制.2016,44(12):149-154.Pei Chan,Lv Siying,Qin Xin,et al.Study on fault overvoltage of converter station of UHVDC power transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(12):149-154(in Chinese).
[21]许建中,赵成勇,Aniruddha M.Gole.模块化多电平换流器戴维南等效整体建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(8):1919-1929.Xu Jianzhong,Zhao chengyong,Aniruddha M.Gole.Research on the Thévenin’s Equivalent based integral modelling method of the modular multilevel converter(MMC)[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(8):1919-1929(in Chinese).
[22]张弛.高压直流断路器及其关键技术[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
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