某水电站左岸坝基岩体卸荷松弛特征与形成机制
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摘要
坝基岩体稳定性是水电站建设过程中至关重要的问题,而坝基岩体卸荷松弛现象对其稳定性具有极大的影响作用。因此加强坝基卸荷松弛特征及机制的研究具有重要的工程实际意义。本文以某水电站左岸坝基为研究对象,通过现场调查、勘探,在查明了坝基卸荷松弛特征、影响因素的基础上,结合地质分析及数值模拟方法对坝基松弛机制进行了研究,结果表明该水电站左岸坝基卸荷松弛现象是由爆破作用所产生的瞬时调整以及开挖之后出现的时效性应力调整两者共同作用所导致的,为该坝基的稳定性预测及评价提供了依据。
The stability of the dam foundation rock mass is a crucial issue in the construction process of the hydropower station,and the unloading relaxation phenomenon of the dam foundation rock has a great influence on its stability. Therefore,it is of great engineering practical significance to strengthen the study of the unloading relaxation characteristics and the base mechanism of the dam foundation. In this paper,the dam foundation of the left bank of a hydropower station in China is taken as the research object. Based on the field investigation and exploration,the dam foundation relaxation mechanism is studied in detail based on the geological analysis and numerical simulation methods. The results show that the unloading relaxation phenomenon of the dam foundation on the left bank of the hydropower station is caused by the instantaneous adjustment caused by the blasting action and the time-dependent stress adjustment after the excavation. The combination of the two causes the stability prediction and evaluation of the dam foundation.
The stability of the dam foundation rock mass is a crucial issue in the construction process of the hydropower station,and the unloading relaxation phenomenon of the dam foundation rock has a great influence on its stability. Therefore,it is of great engineering practical significance to strengthen the study of the unloading relaxation characteristics and the base mechanism of the dam foundation. In this paper,the dam foundation of the left bank of a hydropower station in China is taken as the research object. Based on the field investigation and exploration,the dam foundation relaxation mechanism is studied in detail based on the geological analysis and numerical simulation methods. The results show that the unloading relaxation phenomenon of the dam foundation on the left bank of the hydropower station is caused by the instantaneous adjustment caused by the blasting action and the time-dependent stress adjustment after the excavation. The combination of the two causes the stability prediction and evaluation of the dam foundation.
引文
[1]杨根兰，黄润秋，林锋，等．西南某电站河床坝基开挖卸荷条件下变形破坏的数值分析[J]．工程地质学报，2007,15(3):356-361.YANG Genlan,HUANG Runqiu,LIN Feng,et al.Numerical analysis of deformation and failure of riverbed dam foundation excavation under unloading conditions in a power station in Southwest China[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(3):356-361.
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[10]王运生，罗永红，吴俊峰，等．中国西部深切河谷谷底卸荷松弛带成因机理研究[J]．地球科学进展，2008,23(5):463-468.WANG Yunsheng,LUO Yonghong,WU Junfeng,et al. Study on the genetic mechanism of the unloading relaxation zone in the deep valley of western China[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(5):463-468.
[11]王吉亮．乌东德水电站拱坝坝基岩体松弛特征研究[J]．资源环境与工程，2017,31(4):364-370.WANG Jiliang. Study on relaxation characteristics of rock mass of arch dam foundation of Wudongde Hydropower Station[J]. Resources Environment and Engineering,2017,31(4):364-370.
[12]王晗，陈明，卢文波，等．柱状节理岩体爆破开挖松动的数值模拟[J]．爆破，2016(1):34-39.WANG Han, CHEN Ming, LU Wenbo, et al.Numerical simulation of blasting excavation looseness in columnar jointed rock mass[J]. Blasting,2016(1):34-39.
[13]肖世国，周德培．开挖边坡松弛区的确定与数值分析方法[J]．西南交通大学学报，2003,38(3):318-322.XIAO Shiguo, ZHOU Depei. Determination and numerical analysis method of excavation slope relaxation zone[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2003,38(3):318-322.
[14]黄润秋．黄河拉西瓦水电站:高边坡稳定性的系统工程地质研究[M]．成都:成都科技大学出版社，1991.HUANG Runqiu. Yellow River Laxiwa Hydropower Station:system engineering geology study on stability of high slope[M]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press,1991.
[2]裴向军，黄润秋，李正兵，等．锦屏一级水电站左岸卸荷拉裂松弛岩体灌浆加固研究[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2011,30(2):284-288.PEI Xiangjun,HUANG Runqiu,LI Zhengbing,et al.Study on grouting reinforcement of unloading and cracking loose rock mass in left bank of Jinping I Hydropower Station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):284-288.
[3] SEMIANOW-WEJCHERT J, KSIADZYNA D,NAWROT U,et al. Discussion of several problems on the wave velocity determination of soft intercalations of a dam foundation[J]. Site Investigation Science&Technology,1997,10(1):113-125.
[4] LEONOV M P. Activation of unloading of deep zones of rock foundations of high dams under the effect of a reservoir and other factors[J]. Hydrotechnical Construction,1998,32(4):227-233.
[5]黄润秋，林峰，陈德基，等．岩质高边坡卸荷带形成及其工程性状研究[J]．工程地质学报，2001,9(3):227-232.HUANG Runqiu, LIN Feng, CHEN Deji, et al.Formation of unloading zone of high rock slope and its engineering behavior[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(3):227-232.
[6]黄润秋．中国西部岩石高边坡应力场特征及其卸荷破裂机理[J]．工程地质学报，2004,12(Z1):7-13.HUANG Runqiu. Stress field characteristics and unloading rupture mechanism of rocky high slope in western China[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(Z1):7-13.
[7]哈秋舲．三峡工程永久船闸陡高边坡各向异性卸荷岩体力学研究[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2001,20(5):603.HA Qiuling. Study on the anisotropic unloading rock mass mechanics of the steep ship slope of the permanent ship lock of the Three Gorges Project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(5):603.
[8]任光明，巨广宏，聂德新，等．斜坡岩体卸荷分带量化研究[J]．成都理工大学学报(自然科学版)，2003,30(4):335-338.REN Guangming,JU Guanghong,NIE Dexin,et al.Quantitative study on unloading zoning of slope rock mass[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2003,30(4):335-338.
[9]吴刚．工程岩体卸荷破坏机制研究的现状及展望[J]．工程地质学报，2001,9(2):174-181.WU Gang. Status quo and prospect of research on unloading failure mechanism of engineering rock mass[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(2):174-181.
[10]王运生，罗永红，吴俊峰，等．中国西部深切河谷谷底卸荷松弛带成因机理研究[J]．地球科学进展，2008,23(5):463-468.WANG Yunsheng,LUO Yonghong,WU Junfeng,et al. Study on the genetic mechanism of the unloading relaxation zone in the deep valley of western China[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(5):463-468.
[11]王吉亮．乌东德水电站拱坝坝基岩体松弛特征研究[J]．资源环境与工程，2017,31(4):364-370.WANG Jiliang. Study on relaxation characteristics of rock mass of arch dam foundation of Wudongde Hydropower Station[J]. Resources Environment and Engineering,2017,31(4):364-370.
[12]王晗，陈明，卢文波，等．柱状节理岩体爆破开挖松动的数值模拟[J]．爆破，2016(1):34-39.WANG Han, CHEN Ming, LU Wenbo, et al.Numerical simulation of blasting excavation looseness in columnar jointed rock mass[J]. Blasting,2016(1):34-39.
[13]肖世国，周德培．开挖边坡松弛区的确定与数值分析方法[J]．西南交通大学学报，2003,38(3):318-322.XIAO Shiguo, ZHOU Depei. Determination and numerical analysis method of excavation slope relaxation zone[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2003,38(3):318-322.
[14]黄润秋．黄河拉西瓦水电站:高边坡稳定性的系统工程地质研究[M]．成都:成都科技大学出版社，1991.HUANG Runqiu. Yellow River Laxiwa Hydropower Station:system engineering geology study on stability of high slope[M]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press,1991.