基于响应面法的油气管道磁化特征研究与退磁
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摘要
为了研究油气管道缺陷与其他漏磁参数对磁化特征的影响及永磁铁退磁的可行性,建立了基于Maxwell的仿真模型与响应面分析模型,设计了一种管内退磁机构,并开展了永磁铁退磁试验。研究结果表明:当缺陷深度一定时,半径越大,其X方向与Z方向磁通量密度也越大;当缺陷半径一定时,深度越大,其X方向与Z方向磁通量密度也越大;衬铁高度与缺陷深度对缺陷中心磁场强度有显著影响;随着外部磁场增大,钢板两端切向磁通与法向磁通极性有增强的趋势;用永磁铁退磁对钢板两端极性有一定的削弱作用,达到了较好的退磁效果。研究结果可为油气管道退磁方法研究提供参考。
To study the influence of pipeline defects and other magnetic flux leakage parameters on the magnetization characteristics and the feasibility of permanent magnet demagnetization,the Maxwell-based simulation model and response surface analysis model are established. An in-pipe demagnetization mechanism is designed.Demagnetization test by permanent magnet is developed. The results show that given the same defect depth,larger defect radius results in higher magnetic flux density in the X and Z directions. Given the same defect radius,larger defect depth results in higher magnetic flux density in the X and Z directions. The height of iron liner and defect depth have significant influence on the magnetic field strength of the defect center. As the external magnetic field increases,the polarities of the tangential magnetic flux and the normal magnetic flux at both ends of the steel plate have a tendency to increase. Demagnetization using permanent magnet has a certain weakening effect on the polarities at the ends of the steel plate,and better demagnetization performance is achieved. The study can provide references for the study of pipeline demagnetization methods.
To study the influence of pipeline defects and other magnetic flux leakage parameters on the magnetization characteristics and the feasibility of permanent magnet demagnetization,the Maxwell-based simulation model and response surface analysis model are established. An in-pipe demagnetization mechanism is designed.Demagnetization test by permanent magnet is developed. The results show that given the same defect depth,larger defect radius results in higher magnetic flux density in the X and Z directions. Given the same defect radius,larger defect depth results in higher magnetic flux density in the X and Z directions. The height of iron liner and defect depth have significant influence on the magnetic field strength of the defect center. As the external magnetic field increases,the polarities of the tangential magnetic flux and the normal magnetic flux at both ends of the steel plate have a tendency to increase. Demagnetization using permanent magnet has a certain weakening effect on the polarities at the ends of the steel plate,and better demagnetization performance is achieved. The study can provide references for the study of pipeline demagnetization methods.
引文
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[2]张科,贾春龙,张研,等.埋地输气管道消磁施焊方法讨论[J].石油工业技术监督,2015,31(5):28-30.ZHANG K,JIA C L,ZHANG Y,et al.Discussion on degaussing welding method of buried gas pipeline[J].Technology Supervision in Petroleum Industry,2015,31(5):28-30.
[3]SHELIKHOV G S,LOZOVSKY V N,KRASILNIKOVV A,et al.Device for demagnetization of main pipelines:RU2285254[P].2006.
[4]SHELIKHOV G S.Pipe tools demagnetizing technique for main pipelines[J].Materials Evaluation,2014,72(6):646-651.
[5]黄松岭.油气管道缺陷漏磁内检测理论与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[6]郑彪华,何文,周松强,等.管道缺陷漏磁检测的三维有限元仿真分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(12):35.ZHENG B H,HE W,ZHOU S Q,et al.Research on numerical simulation of three-dimensionalmagnetic flux leakage inspection of pipeline defects[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(12):35.
[7]莫漫漫.环状永磁体表面径向磁通密度分布的模拟计算[J].材料开发与应用,2017,32(3):73-80.MO M M.Simulation calculation of radial magnetic flux density distribution on the surface of annular permanent magnets[J].Development and Application of Materials,2017,32(3):73-80.
[8]党娜,王维斌,张涛,等.管道腐蚀脉冲涡流检测的三维仿真与试验[J].无损检测,2017,39(2):57-60.DANG N,WANG W B,ZHANG T,et al.3D Simulation and experiment of pulsed eddy current testing for pipeline corrosion[J].Nondestructive Testing,2017,39(2):57-60.
[9]宣建青.高速钢轨漏磁无损检测的仿真与实现[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.XUAN J Q.Simulation and implementation of non-destructive testing of high-speed rail leakage[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics,2010.
[10]崔婉婷.轴向励磁的管道漏磁内检测磁饱和问题研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2015.CUI W T.Investigation of magnetic saturation in magnetic flux leakage of axial excited pipe[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2015.
[11]张涛,赵弘,王维斌,等.基于响应面法的瞬变电磁法聚焦线圈优化设计[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(7):28-32,38.ZHANG T,ZHAO H,WANG W B,et al.Response surface methodology based transient electromagnetic method focusing coil optimum design[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2016,39(7):28-32,38.