非主权机构在全球环境治理中的作用及对中国的启示
|
摘要
本文重点分析和探讨了政府间国际组织、公民社会组织和跨国公司等主体在全球环境治理进程中的角色定位和发挥的作用,并结合中国国情需要提出了合理使用资金,扩大中国在政府间国际组织中的影响,建立配套机制,鼓励中国跨国公司在全球环境治理中发挥更大作用,加大扶持力度,帮助中国公民社会组织在全球环境治理中扮演更重要角色,加强各方合作,共同推动参与全球环境治理进程等建议,以期为中国企业和社会组织走出去提供借鉴和参考.
At present, sovereign states play the important role in global environmental governance through bilateral and multilateral international cooperation mechanisms, but at the same time, intergovernmental international organizations, multinational corporations and civil society organizations(CSOs) also play an important role in the global environmental governance such as guiding, supplementing and promoting. This paper focuses on the analysis and discussion of the roles of intergovernmental international organizations, CSOs and multinational corporations in the global environmental governance process, and puts forward suggestions based on China's national conditions. The advices include: rational using of funds to expand China's influence in intergovernmental international organizations, establishing supporting mechanisms to encourage Chinese multinationals to play a greater role in global environmental governance, increasing supports to help Chinese CSOs to play a more important role in global environmental governance, strengthening cooperation among all parties to jointly promote participation in the global environmental governance process, aiming to provide references for China's enterprises and CSOs carry out overseas businesses under the Belt and Road strategy.
At present, sovereign states play the important role in global environmental governance through bilateral and multilateral international cooperation mechanisms, but at the same time, intergovernmental international organizations, multinational corporations and civil society organizations(CSOs) also play an important role in the global environmental governance such as guiding, supplementing and promoting. This paper focuses on the analysis and discussion of the roles of intergovernmental international organizations, CSOs and multinational corporations in the global environmental governance process, and puts forward suggestions based on China's national conditions. The advices include: rational using of funds to expand China's influence in intergovernmental international organizations, establishing supporting mechanisms to encourage Chinese multinationals to play a greater role in global environmental governance, increasing supports to help Chinese CSOs to play a more important role in global environmental governance, strengthening cooperation among all parties to jointly promote participation in the global environmental governance process, aiming to provide references for China's enterprises and CSOs carry out overseas businesses under the Belt and Road strategy.
引文
[1] 张胜军.为一个更加公正的世界而努力—全球深度治理的目标与前景[J].中国治理评论,2013,(1):70-99.
[2] 刘东琪.国家治理视域中的公民社会建设[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2017.
[3] 董莉.全球环境治理中的合作困境及出路研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2011.
[4] UNEP.History of the United Nations Environment Assembly [EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-20].https://web.unep.org/environmentassembly/un-environment-assembly-and-governing-council.
[5] 薄燕.环境治理中的国际组织:权威性及其来源—以联合国环境规划署为例[J].欧洲研究,2007,(1):87-101.
[6] UNEP.Why dose UN Environment matter [EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-20].https://www.unenvironment.org/about-un-environment/why-does-un-environment-matter.
[7] 张振助.国际教育指标及统计的比较与借鉴[J].复旦教育论坛,2009,7(5):50-55.
[8] UNDP.Overview[EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-21].https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/about-us.html.
[9] UNIDO.What we do-Safeguarding the environment[EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-21].http://www.unido.org/what-we-do/environment.html?L=2%3Ftx_indexedsearch_pi2%5Baction%5D%3Dsearch%27A%3D0.
[10] 杨春林.国际组织对中国环境制度的影响——以世界银行环境评价政策为例[D].上海:复旦大学,2006.
[11] 庾晋鹏.世界银行的环境保护政策及其对我国的启示[J].中共山西省委党校学报,2006,(5):98-100.
[12] World Bank.Environment:Sector Results Profile[EB/OL].(2013-04-13)[2019-08-21].http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2013/04/13/ environment-results-profile.
[13] 游美龄.跨国公司的国际管制——以人权责任机制为中心[D].上海:复旦大学,2006.
[14] 苗艳丽.论20世纪90年代以来国际非政府组织在全球治理中的作用与局限[D].昆明:云南师范大学,2006.
[15] 屠李,张超荣.多元利益诉求下的规划审批制度改革[J].规划师,2013,(9):99-103.
[16] 熊光清.全球公民社会的发展对国际体系变革的影响[J].当代世界与社会主义,2010,(4):129-132.
[17] 安祺,王华,胡诗沫.环保CSO如何参与全球环境治理大格局[J].环境保护,2013,(5):74-77.
[18] 殷凤春.中外引才思路差异有多大[N].光明日报,2015-04-18.
[19] 新华网.中国足额缴纳联合国会费与摊款[EB/OL].(2019-05-09)[2019-08-21].http://www.xinhuanet.com/2019-05/09/c_1124472137.htm.
[20] 张怿丹.中国成为联合国第二大会费国之后[J].世界知识,2019,(11):62-64.
[21] 商务部数据中心.非金融类对外直接投资统计[EB/OL].(2019-09-09)[2019-08-21].http://data.mofcom.gov.cn/tzhz/fordirinvest.shtml
[22] 郑静,张剑智,王长明,陈晓婷.借鉴国际经验加强中国企业对外直接投资环境管理[J].环境保护,2014,(22):69-71.
[23] 伊焱.我国对外投资环境保护问题对策研究[J].生产力研究,2010,(8):150-151.
[24] 商务部.商务部环境保护部关于印发《对外投资合作环境保护指南》的通知[EB/OL].(2013-02-28)[2019-08-21].http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/b/bf/201302/20130200039930.shtml.
[25] 陆南泉.中国倡导“一带一路”战略的意义与风险[J].探索与争鸣,2015,(12):93-97.
[26] 王洪凯.“一带一路”战略下我国海外投资的环境保护问题及应对[D].泉州:华侨大学,2017.
[27] 邓国胜,王杨.中国社会组织“走出去”的必要性与政策建议[J].教学与研究,2015,(9):28-34.
[28] 辛传海.中国社会组织参与 “一带一路”建设的角色定位与实现路径[J].学会,2018,(10):33-34.
[29] 张贵洪.扩大在联合国影响力,并非全靠会费[N].环球时报.2019-01-17(评论).
[2] 刘东琪.国家治理视域中的公民社会建设[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2017.
[3] 董莉.全球环境治理中的合作困境及出路研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2011.
[4] UNEP.History of the United Nations Environment Assembly [EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-20].https://web.unep.org/environmentassembly/un-environment-assembly-and-governing-council.
[5] 薄燕.环境治理中的国际组织:权威性及其来源—以联合国环境规划署为例[J].欧洲研究,2007,(1):87-101.
[6] UNEP.Why dose UN Environment matter [EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-20].https://www.unenvironment.org/about-un-environment/why-does-un-environment-matter.
[7] 张振助.国际教育指标及统计的比较与借鉴[J].复旦教育论坛,2009,7(5):50-55.
[8] UNDP.Overview[EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-21].https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/about-us.html.
[9] UNIDO.What we do-Safeguarding the environment[EB/OL].(2019-07-25)[2019-08-21].http://www.unido.org/what-we-do/environment.html?L=2%3Ftx_indexedsearch_pi2%5Baction%5D%3Dsearch%27A%3D0.
[10] 杨春林.国际组织对中国环境制度的影响——以世界银行环境评价政策为例[D].上海:复旦大学,2006.
[11] 庾晋鹏.世界银行的环境保护政策及其对我国的启示[J].中共山西省委党校学报,2006,(5):98-100.
[12] World Bank.Environment:Sector Results Profile[EB/OL].(2013-04-13)[2019-08-21].http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2013/04/13/ environment-results-profile.
[13] 游美龄.跨国公司的国际管制——以人权责任机制为中心[D].上海:复旦大学,2006.
[14] 苗艳丽.论20世纪90年代以来国际非政府组织在全球治理中的作用与局限[D].昆明:云南师范大学,2006.
[15] 屠李,张超荣.多元利益诉求下的规划审批制度改革[J].规划师,2013,(9):99-103.
[16] 熊光清.全球公民社会的发展对国际体系变革的影响[J].当代世界与社会主义,2010,(4):129-132.
[17] 安祺,王华,胡诗沫.环保CSO如何参与全球环境治理大格局[J].环境保护,2013,(5):74-77.
[18] 殷凤春.中外引才思路差异有多大[N].光明日报,2015-04-18.
[19] 新华网.中国足额缴纳联合国会费与摊款[EB/OL].(2019-05-09)[2019-08-21].http://www.xinhuanet.com/2019-05/09/c_1124472137.htm.
[20] 张怿丹.中国成为联合国第二大会费国之后[J].世界知识,2019,(11):62-64.
[21] 商务部数据中心.非金融类对外直接投资统计[EB/OL].(2019-09-09)[2019-08-21].http://data.mofcom.gov.cn/tzhz/fordirinvest.shtml
[22] 郑静,张剑智,王长明,陈晓婷.借鉴国际经验加强中国企业对外直接投资环境管理[J].环境保护,2014,(22):69-71.
[23] 伊焱.我国对外投资环境保护问题对策研究[J].生产力研究,2010,(8):150-151.
[24] 商务部.商务部环境保护部关于印发《对外投资合作环境保护指南》的通知[EB/OL].(2013-02-28)[2019-08-21].http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/b/bf/201302/20130200039930.shtml.
[25] 陆南泉.中国倡导“一带一路”战略的意义与风险[J].探索与争鸣,2015,(12):93-97.
[26] 王洪凯.“一带一路”战略下我国海外投资的环境保护问题及应对[D].泉州:华侨大学,2017.
[27] 邓国胜,王杨.中国社会组织“走出去”的必要性与政策建议[J].教学与研究,2015,(9):28-34.
[28] 辛传海.中国社会组织参与 “一带一路”建设的角色定位与实现路径[J].学会,2018,(10):33-34.
[29] 张贵洪.扩大在联合国影响力,并非全靠会费[N].环球时报.2019-01-17(评论).