粤东山区客家美丽乡村的地域性植物景观营造
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摘要
目前我国美丽乡村建设仍存在忽视乡村自然环境建设保护的迫切性、植物景观乡土性和地域性缺失、乡土农耕文化保护和传承不够等问题,与外国尤其英国、德国存在明显差距。以粤东山区客家乡村为例,通过实地调查研究和美丽乡村建设实践,提出以乡村山林田、公共建设区和村居房前屋后等植物景观建设为主,在保护乡村自然植物资源和生产性农田生态体系前提下,通过挖掘应用当地特色品种创新发展生产体系,依托当地植被营造乡土植物景观,优化村居植物环境特色,拓展乡村公园格局融入周围自然景观,以构建和重塑美丽乡村园林与自然植物生态体系,凸现地域性植物景观和文化风貌特色。
At present, there are still some problems in the construction of beautiful countryside in China, such as the urgency of the protection of rural natural environment, the lack of native and regional plant landscape, the insufficient protection and inheritance of local farming culture, which are obviously different from foreign countries, especially Britain and Germany. Taking a Hakka countryside in mountainous areas of Eastern Guangdong as an example, through on-the-spot investigation and beautiful countryside construction practice, this paper puts forward that the construction of plant landscape should be focused on mountain forest and field, public area and surroundings of cottages. On the premise of protecting natural plant resources and productive farmland ecological system, measures such as exploiting local characteristic varieties to develop production, relying on the local vegetation to build local plant landscape, optimize the environment of the cottages in plant characteristics, integrating the rural landscape parks into the surrounding natural landscape can be used, in order to build and restore beautiful countryside landscape and the natural plant ecological system, and highlight the regional plant landscape and cultural landscape features.
At present, there are still some problems in the construction of beautiful countryside in China, such as the urgency of the protection of rural natural environment, the lack of native and regional plant landscape, the insufficient protection and inheritance of local farming culture, which are obviously different from foreign countries, especially Britain and Germany. Taking a Hakka countryside in mountainous areas of Eastern Guangdong as an example, through on-the-spot investigation and beautiful countryside construction practice, this paper puts forward that the construction of plant landscape should be focused on mountain forest and field, public area and surroundings of cottages. On the premise of protecting natural plant resources and productive farmland ecological system, measures such as exploiting local characteristic varieties to develop production, relying on the local vegetation to build local plant landscape, optimize the environment of the cottages in plant characteristics, integrating the rural landscape parks into the surrounding natural landscape can be used, in order to build and restore beautiful countryside landscape and the natural plant ecological system, and highlight the regional plant landscape and cultural landscape features.
引文
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[2]周懿,万兆瑞.构树在美丽乡村建设中的应用价值[J].四川林勘设计,2017(6):91-92.
[3]华晨欢,杨京燕.美丽乡村建设中草本花卉的应用研究——以桐庐县瑶琳镇为例[J].现代园艺,2018(10):137-138.
[4]姚泰城.食用花卉在美丽乡村建设中的应用[J].居舍,2018(24):231-232.
[5]于立,那鲲鹏.英国农村发展政策及乡村规划与管理[J].中国土地科学,2011(12):75-80.
[6]孟广文,GEBHARDT H.二战以来联邦德国乡村地区的发展与演变[J].地理学报,2011(12):1644-1656.
[7]李晓俐,陈阳.德国农业、农村发展模式及对我国的启示[J].农业展望,2010(3):50-53.
[8]刘沛林.古村落—和谐的人聚空间[M].上海:三联书店,1998.