15个猪场猪蓝耳病疫苗免疫状况调查与免疫程序的改进
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摘要
面对当前高致病性猪蓝耳病虽然实施强制性免疫接种,但疫病仍不能得到有效控制的现状,开展猪场高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫程序的研究,对遏制高致病性猪蓝耳病具有十分重要的意义。对浙江省内190家规模猪场进行了猪蓝耳病免疫状况调查,结果显示:99.5%的猪场都曾接种过弱毒疫苗,95.3%的猪场正在接种蓝耳病疫苗,接种比例较高。其中接种变异株蓝耳病弱毒疫苗的猪场占71.1%,占绝对优势,还有少部分猪场经典株和变异株两种疫苗同时接种,占1.6%;全群接种的占72.9%,种猪的接种比例较高达92.2%;母猪普免的占85.5%,跟胎免疫较少。我们对15个接种免疫高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗的猪场进行长达一年多的抗体水平监测,累积进行了77批次抗体、病原检测,其中抗体检测2643份,病原检测103份,根据抗体监测情况及猪场生产成绩收集,结合浙江省规模化猪场的特点,调整与优化猪场蓝耳病的免疫计划,最后总结出了一套可以适用于不同规模养殖场的猪蓝耳病免疫程序,即后备母猪:14日龄,1头份/头;140日龄,2头份/头;160日龄,2头份/头;配种后35日龄,2头份/头;经产母猪:产后14天,2头份/头;配种后35日龄,2头份/头;种公猪:每年3次普免,2头份/头;商品猪:14日龄,1头份/头。这一成果对指导规模猪场高致病性猪蓝耳病的防控,减少经济损失具有重要的意义。
At present, although pigs are immunized with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)vaccine compulsively, the disease cannot be effectively controlled. Faced with this situation, we carried out a study on the immunization procedure of highly pathogenic PRRS in pig farms. This study is of great significance for the suppression of the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic PRRS(HP-PRRS), which is also a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. A detailed survey of 190 large-scale pig farms in Zhejiang Province showed that 95.3% of pig farms were vaccinated with PRRSV vaccine with a high proportion, and 99.5% of them were vaccinated with weakened vaccine. The pig farms vaccinated with HP-PRRSV weakened vaccine accounted for 71.1%, which was the absolute dominant. A few of pig farms were vaccinated with classical and mutated strains simultaneously. Pig farms inoculated with all pigs accounted for 72.9%, and those inoculated with breeding pigs accounted for 92.2%, while those inoculated with sows routinely accounted for 85.5%, and those inoculated with sows by parity were fewer. We monitored the antibody levels of 15 pigs vaccinated with highly pathogenic PRRS vaccine for over a year, and accumulated 77 batches of antibody and pathogen data, of which 2643 antibodies and 103 pathogens were detected. According to the situation of antibody monitoring, the production results of pig farms collected, and the characteristics of large-scale pig farms in Zhejiang Province, PRRS immunization plan was adjusted and optimized. Finally, a PRRS immunization program suitable for different scale pig farms is summarized, which is of great significance for guiding the prevention and control of highly pathogenic PRRS in pig farms and reducing economic losses. The immunization program is for gilts 1 dose per head at 14 days old, 2 doses per head at 140 days old, 2 doses per head at 160 days old, 2 doses per head at 35 days old after breeding; for sows 2 doses per head at 14 days old after delivery, 2 doses per head at 35 days old after breeding; for boars 2 doses per head with routine immunization 3 times per year; for finishing pigs 1 dose per head at 14 days old.
At present, although pigs are immunized with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)vaccine compulsively, the disease cannot be effectively controlled. Faced with this situation, we carried out a study on the immunization procedure of highly pathogenic PRRS in pig farms. This study is of great significance for the suppression of the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic PRRS(HP-PRRS), which is also a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. A detailed survey of 190 large-scale pig farms in Zhejiang Province showed that 95.3% of pig farms were vaccinated with PRRSV vaccine with a high proportion, and 99.5% of them were vaccinated with weakened vaccine. The pig farms vaccinated with HP-PRRSV weakened vaccine accounted for 71.1%, which was the absolute dominant. A few of pig farms were vaccinated with classical and mutated strains simultaneously. Pig farms inoculated with all pigs accounted for 72.9%, and those inoculated with breeding pigs accounted for 92.2%, while those inoculated with sows routinely accounted for 85.5%, and those inoculated with sows by parity were fewer. We monitored the antibody levels of 15 pigs vaccinated with highly pathogenic PRRS vaccine for over a year, and accumulated 77 batches of antibody and pathogen data, of which 2643 antibodies and 103 pathogens were detected. According to the situation of antibody monitoring, the production results of pig farms collected, and the characteristics of large-scale pig farms in Zhejiang Province, PRRS immunization plan was adjusted and optimized. Finally, a PRRS immunization program suitable for different scale pig farms is summarized, which is of great significance for guiding the prevention and control of highly pathogenic PRRS in pig farms and reducing economic losses. The immunization program is for gilts 1 dose per head at 14 days old, 2 doses per head at 140 days old, 2 doses per head at 160 days old, 2 doses per head at 35 days old after breeding; for sows 2 doses per head at 14 days old after delivery, 2 doses per head at 35 days old after breeding; for boars 2 doses per head with routine immunization 3 times per year; for finishing pigs 1 dose per head at 14 days old.
引文
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[4]谈志祥,刘道新,何世成,等.湖南省高致病性猪蓝耳病流行情况调查与分析[J].养猪,2007(6):39-40.
[5]杨明娴,邢刚,孙文博,等.乳猪“高热症”猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与致病性分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,2008(11):846-851.
[6]何启盖.群体免疫、群体健康与猪病防控[J].养殖与饲料,2015(1):1-4.
[7]何海健,邢刚,马涛,等. 3种猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体检测试剂盒的比较与应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(6):211-215.
[8]何海健,邢刚,马涛,等. PRRS疫苗免疫猪群的PRRS病原与抗体检测[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2016,16(6):72-78.
[2]童光志,周艳君,郝晓芳,等.高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离鉴定及其分子流行病学分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,2007,29(5):323-327.
[3]王兴龙,柏坤桃,李玉峰,等. 1株临床高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与鉴定[J].畜牧与兽医,2007,39(8):12-15.
[4]谈志祥,刘道新,何世成,等.湖南省高致病性猪蓝耳病流行情况调查与分析[J].养猪,2007(6):39-40.
[5]杨明娴,邢刚,孙文博,等.乳猪“高热症”猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与致病性分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,2008(11):846-851.
[6]何启盖.群体免疫、群体健康与猪病防控[J].养殖与饲料,2015(1):1-4.
[7]何海健,邢刚,马涛,等. 3种猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体检测试剂盒的比较与应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(6):211-215.
[8]何海健,邢刚,马涛,等. PRRS疫苗免疫猪群的PRRS病原与抗体检测[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2016,16(6):72-78.