孵化密度和水流量对中华倒刺鲃胚胎发育的影响
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摘要
为探究孵化密度和水流量对中华倒刺鲃胚胎发育的影响,在26℃的水温条件下,通过在中华倒刺鲃胚胎发育过程中设置不同的孵化密度和水流量进行了单因素和双因素交互试验,观察并统计受精卵的孵化时间、孵化率及鱼苗的畸形率。试验结果,当水流量为30 L/h时,整体呈现出随着孵化密度的提高,孵化时间缩短、孵化率降低、畸形率上升的趋势。孵化密度在80粒/L时,孵化时间为45 h,孵化率为75. 6%,畸形率为8. 8%;孵化密度达到120粒/L时,孵化时间为43 h,但畸形率升高至33. 8%,孵化率降低至51. 7%。当孵化密度为70粒/L时,整体呈现出随着水流量增大,孵化率升高、畸形率降低的趋势。静水孵化组的孵化时间比水流量在20 L/h以上的试验组长4～5 h,孵化率仅为28. 0%,畸形率高达83. 3%。水流量高于20 L/h的试验组,受精卵发育时间基本稳定在45～46 h,孵化率升高至69. 3%以上,畸形率降低至31. 7%以下。水流量增大至40 L/h时,可将受精卵全部冲起,孵化率升高至79. 3%,畸形率降低至8. 4%。水流量增大至50 L/h以上时,孵化率和畸形率均无显著变化。在孵化密度和水流量双因子交互试验中,水流量在30 L/h以下时,中华倒刺鲃的胚胎发育受到严重抑制。水流量在30 L/h以上,水流量和孵化密度的数值比大于1/2时,比较适宜中华倒刺鲃胚胎的发育,孵化率均在65%以上,畸形率均在15%以下,且数值比越大,孵化率越高,畸形率越低。结果表明,孵化密度和水流量均是中华倒刺鲃胚胎发育的重要影响因子。
引文
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[3]黄洪贵.中华倒刺鲃胚胎与仔鱼发育的观察[J].江西农业大学学报,2009,31(6):1087-1092.
[4]黄洪贵,胡振禧,黄种持,等.温度对中华倒刺鲃胚胎与仔鱼发育的影响[J].淡水渔业,2009,39(5):28-31.
[5]彭瑞冰,蒋霞敏,于曙光,等.几种生态因子对拟目乌贼胚胎发育的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6560-6568.
[6]丁敬敬,胡亚强,黄勃,等.温度和盐度对羊鲍胚胎发育及幼虫发育的影响[J].水产学报,2016,40(6):917-924.
[7]DMITRIEVA E V.Effects of egg clutch structure of the common toad(Bufo bufo)on embryonic development[J].Zoologiche Sky Zhurnal,2013,92(12):1437-1449.
[8]BRAUNER C J,ROMBOUGH P J.Ontogeny and paleophysiology of the gill:new insights from larval and air-breathing fish[J].Respiratory Physiology&Neurobiology,2012,184(3):293-300.
[9]DMITRIEVA E V.Influence of the concentration of dissolved oxygen on embryonic development of the common toad(Bufo bufo)[J].Russian Journal of Developmental Biology,2015,46(6):368-380.
[10]EGILSDOTTIR H,SPICER J I,RUNDLE S D.The effect of CO2acidified sea water and reduced salinity on aspects of the embryonic development of the amphipod Echinogammarus marinus(Leach)[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2009,58(8):1187-1191.
[11]WANG J,LI Z,CHEN Y F,et al.The combined effect of temperature and pH on embryonic development of obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus and its ecological implications[J].Biochemical Systematics&Ecology,2015,58(2):1-6.
[12]陈永柏,廖文根,彭期冬,等.四大家鱼产卵水文水动力特性研究综述[J].水生态学杂志,2009,2(2):130-133.
[13]蒋霞敏,唐锋,罗江,等.拟目乌贼的胚胎发育[J].水产学报,2013,37(5):711-718.
[14]王鹏帅,蒋霞敏,阮鹏,等.虎斑乌贼的胚胎耗氧率[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(7):2357-2362.
[15]胡先成,周忠良,赵云龙,等.河川沙塘鳢孵化腺的发生及孵化酶的分泌[J].动物学报,2007,53(3):511-518.
[16]KINCH C D,KURRASCH D M,HABIBI H R.Adverse morphological development in embryonic zebrafish exposed to environmental concentrations of contaminants individually and in mixture[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2016,175:286-298.
[17]郭捡红,赵伟华,魏成清,等.三种孵化介质对黄喉拟水龟卵孵化期、孵化成功率和孵出幼体特征的影响[J].水产学报,2009,33(2):253-258.
[18]POGORELOV A G,SMIRNOV A A,POGORELOVA V N.Hypoxia during mammalian preimplantation development:extreme circumstance vs.typical environment[J].Russian Journal of Developmental Biology,2016,47(2):99-102.
[19]QIANG L Y,CHEN J P,YI J,et al.Environmental concentration of carbamazepine accelerates fish embryonic development and disturbs larvae behavior[J].Ecotoxicology,2016,25(7):1426-1437.
[20]LOREN P,CHEUQUEMAN C,RISOPATRON J,et al.Modulation of redox state by hydrogen peroxide in the stage of oocyte maturation:effect on embryonic development in cattle[J].International Journal of Morphology,2016,34(2):431-435.