江苏里下河腹部地区湖泊湖荡春季浮游植物群落结构和营养状态
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摘要
以江苏省里下河腹部地区38个典型湖泊湖荡为研究对象,分析了春季浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系,运用了基于理化指标的综合营养状态指数(TLI)评价方法和基于浮游植物群落结构分析的生物指标(Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′和Pielou均匀度指数J)评价方法,评价了湖泊湖荡营养状态.结果显示共采集到里下河腹部地区湖泊湖荡浮游植物7门50属89种,主要隶属于绿藻门(Chlorophyta)和硅藻门(Bacillariophyta);浮游植物细胞丰度介于2.3×10~5～3.7×10~7 cells·L~(-1),生物量介于0.05～15.02 mg·L~(-1),绿藻门与隐藻门(Cryptophyta)在细胞丰度上占优势,隐藻门在生物量上占优势;梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)、啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)、尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus guadricauda)为主要优势种;生物指标评价方法的结果显示湖泊湖荡总体为轻度富营养,与TLI评价方法的结果有较好一致性,表明两类评价方法在里下河腹部地区具有较强内在关联性.
This study selected 38 typical lakes in the Lixia River hinterland of Jiangsu Province to analyze the phytoplankton community structure in spring and its relationship to the hydro-environmental factors. Meanwhile, the trophic status of the lakes was assessed through the trophic level index(TLI) method based on physicochemical indicators as well as the biological indicators method based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′) and the Pielou evenness index(J). A total of 89 phytoplankton species were identified in all lakes, which belongs to 50 different genera and 7 phyla. Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta were two dominated phyla in the communities. The cell abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 2.3×10~5 to 3.7×10~7 cells·L~(-1), in which Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta were dominant. The biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 0.05 to 15.02 mg·L~(-1), in which Cryptophyta was dominant. The dominant species included Cyclotella meneghiniana, Cryptomonas erosa, Chroomonas acuta and Scenedesmus guadricauda. The evaluation results based on biological indicators demonstrate that the lakes are in light eutrophication status, which is consistent with the results analyzed with TLI method. It reveals that there is a strong inherent relevance between two evaluation methods for the lakes of the Lixia River hinterland.
This study selected 38 typical lakes in the Lixia River hinterland of Jiangsu Province to analyze the phytoplankton community structure in spring and its relationship to the hydro-environmental factors. Meanwhile, the trophic status of the lakes was assessed through the trophic level index(TLI) method based on physicochemical indicators as well as the biological indicators method based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′) and the Pielou evenness index(J). A total of 89 phytoplankton species were identified in all lakes, which belongs to 50 different genera and 7 phyla. Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta were two dominated phyla in the communities. The cell abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 2.3×10~5 to 3.7×10~7 cells·L~(-1), in which Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta were dominant. The biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 0.05 to 15.02 mg·L~(-1), in which Cryptophyta was dominant. The dominant species included Cyclotella meneghiniana, Cryptomonas erosa, Chroomonas acuta and Scenedesmus guadricauda. The evaluation results based on biological indicators demonstrate that the lakes are in light eutrophication status, which is consistent with the results analyzed with TLI method. It reveals that there is a strong inherent relevance between two evaluation methods for the lakes of the Lixia River hinterland.
引文
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张蕊,高良敏,席北斗,等.2013.改进的TLI指数法及其在巢湖营养状态评价中的应用[J].环境工程学报,7(6):2127-2133
张思冲,张雪萍,廖永丰.2003.营养度指数法在寒地湖泊富营养化评价中的应用[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,35(4):416-419
张贤芳.2012.苏北里下河地区末次冰期中晚期气候与环境演变研究[D].南京:南京师范大学
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陈春亮,张才学.2016.雷州湾浮游植物群落结构特征及其环境影响分析[J].应用海洋学学报,35(2):174-182
陈立婧,吴竹臣,胡忠军,等.2011.上海崇明岛明珠湖浮游植物群落结构[J].应用生态学报,22(6):1599-1605
成芳,凌去非,徐海军,等.2010.太湖水质现状与主要污染物分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,19(1):105-110
程军明,张曼,王良炎,等.2015.三种浮游植物指示法在景观性河流水体营养状态评价中的应用[J].生态科学,34(3):37-43
Hasle G,Sournia A.1978.Phytoplankton Manual[M].Paris:UNESCO
Hlaili A S,Chikhaoui M A,Grami B E,et al.2006.Effects of N and P supply on phytoplankton in Bizerte Lagoon (western Mediterranean)[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology & Ecology,333:79-96
胡鸿钧,魏印心.2006.中国淡水藻类—系统、分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社
况琪军,马沛明,胡征宇,等.2005.湖泊富营养化的藻类生物学评价与治理研究进展[J].安全与环境学报,5(2):87-91
Ke Z,Huang L,Tan Y,et al.2011.Plankton community structure and diversity in coral reefs area of Sanya Bay,Hainan Province,China[J].Biodiversity Science,19(6):696-701
梁伟林.2017.湖泊富营养化评价方法研究及其系统设计[D].成都:电子科技大学
孟顺龙,肖代,陈小丽,等.2015.里下河腹地典型水体秋季浮游植物生态学特征[J].浙江农业学报,27(11):1998-2005
毛媛媛,兰林,张颖,等.2015.里下河地区河湖水生态保护与修复措施研究[J].水论坛,3:1-5
邱阳凌,林育青,刘俊杰,等.2018.淮河干流及主要支流夏季浮游植物群落生物多样性评价[J].环境科学学报,38(4):1665-1672
Sarthou G,Timmermans K R,Blain S,et al.2005.Growth physiology and fate of diatoms in the ocean:a review[J].Journal of Sea Research,53(1/2):25-42
童琰.2012.滴水湖浮游植物群落结构动态及其与环境因子关系的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学
Tilman D,Kiesling R,Sterner R,et al.1986.Green,blue,green and diatom algae:taxonomic differences in competitive ability for phosphorus,silicon and nitrogen[J].Archiv für Hydrobiologie,106(4):473-485
王雨,卢昌义,谭凤仪,等.2010.深圳红树林水体浮游植物多样性与营养状态评价[J].海洋环境科学,29(1):17-22
王瑜,刘录三,舒俭民,等.2011.白洋淀浮游植物群落结构与水质评价[J].湖泊科学,23(4):575-580
Wang C Y,Zhou B,Ding X D,et al.2014.Effects of reclamation on phytoplankton community structure and biodiversity in Jiaojiang Estuary[J].Journal of East China Normal University,4:141-153
徐成斌.2006.辽河流域河流水质生物评价研究[D].辽宁:辽宁大学
Xu Q J,Zheng B H,Zhu Y Z,et al.2010.Nutrient status evaluation for tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,30(4):453-457
张蕊,高良敏,席北斗,等.2013.改进的TLI指数法及其在巢湖营养状态评价中的应用[J].环境工程学报,7(6):2127-2133
张思冲,张雪萍,廖永丰.2003.营养度指数法在寒地湖泊富营养化评价中的应用[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,35(4):416-419
张贤芳.2012.苏北里下河地区末次冰期中晚期气候与环境演变研究[D].南京:南京师范大学
中国环境监测总站.2013.HJ/T91—2002 地表水和污水检测技术规范[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社
中华人民共和国水利部.2013.SL219—2013 水环境检测规范[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社