掺混生物柴油对6135Aca型柴油机NO_x排放的影响机理
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摘要
为探究船舶柴油机排放的NO_x中各成分的主要生成机理,基于6135Aca型柴油机,利用AVL Fire建立仿真模型,探究掺混生物柴油在不同负荷下对NO_x成分之间转换的影响机理。结果显示:柴油机排放的NO_2主要通过HO_2氧化NO生成,且高温和氧质量分数会影响NO_2的生成,其中高温会抑制NO_2的生成,氧质量分数增加会促进NO_2的生成;掺混生物柴油和增加负荷会使喷雾贯穿距增大,高温区域增加,从而抑制NO_2生成;掺混生物柴油使得燃烧室内氧含量增加,进而HO_2量增加促进NO_2生成;掺混比例较小时,NO_2主要受高温区域影响,当掺混到达一定比例时贯穿距不再增大,这时NO_2主要受氧含量影响。本文得到的NO_2生成机理,对降低NO_x中NO_2的排放比例有一定指导意义。
To explore the main formation mechanism of components in marine diesel engine emissions NO_x, a simulation model based on 6135 Aca marine diesel engines is established by AVL Fire to explore the influence mechanism of blending biodiesel on the conversion of NO_x components under different loads. The results are the following: the diesel engine emission NO_2 is mainly produced by oxidation of NO by HO_2, and high temperature and oxygen mass fraction affect the formation of NO_2, in which high temperature inhibits the formation of NO_2, and the increase of oxygen mass fraction promotes the formation of NO_2; blending biodiesel and increasing load can make the spray penetration distance increase and the high temperature area increase so as to inhibit NO_2 formation; blending biodiesel can make oxygen content increase in combustion chamber, and thus HO_2 content increases so as to promote the formation of NO_2; when the blending ratio is smaller, NO_2 is mainly affected by the high temperature region; when the blending ratio reaches a certain level, the penetration distance does not increase any more, and NO_2 is mainly affected by oxygen content. The formation mechanism of NO_2 obtained has certain guiding significance for reducing the proportion of NO_2 in NO_x.
To explore the main formation mechanism of components in marine diesel engine emissions NO_x, a simulation model based on 6135 Aca marine diesel engines is established by AVL Fire to explore the influence mechanism of blending biodiesel on the conversion of NO_x components under different loads. The results are the following: the diesel engine emission NO_2 is mainly produced by oxidation of NO by HO_2, and high temperature and oxygen mass fraction affect the formation of NO_2, in which high temperature inhibits the formation of NO_2, and the increase of oxygen mass fraction promotes the formation of NO_2; blending biodiesel and increasing load can make the spray penetration distance increase and the high temperature area increase so as to inhibit NO_2 formation; blending biodiesel can make oxygen content increase in combustion chamber, and thus HO_2 content increases so as to promote the formation of NO_2; when the blending ratio is smaller, NO_2 is mainly affected by the high temperature region; when the blending ratio reaches a certain level, the penetration distance does not increase any more, and NO_2 is mainly affected by oxygen content. The formation mechanism of NO_2 obtained has certain guiding significance for reducing the proportion of NO_2 in NO_x.
引文
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[4] 刘永长.内燃机原理[M].3版.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,1992:247-248.
[5] HEYWOOD J B.Internal combustion engine fundamentals[M].New York:Mcgrawhill,1988:572-573.
[6] WILD R J,DUBE W P,AIKIN K C,et al.On-road measurements of vehicle NO2/NOx emission ratios in Denver,Colorado,USA[J].Atmospheric Environment,2016,148:182-189.DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.039.
[7] CHAUHAN B S,KUMAR N,CHO H M,et al.A study on the performance and emission of a diesel engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel oil and its blends[J].Energy,2012,37:616-622.DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.043.
[8] 李博,楼狄明,谭丕强,等.柴油机燃用生物柴油的氮氧化物排放特性[J].汽车技术,2008,9:5-9.
[9] ZHU Lei,ZHANG Wugao,LIU Wei,et al.Experimental study on particulate and NOx emissions of a diesel engine fueled with ultra-low sulfur diesel,RME-diesel blends and PME-diesel blends[J].Science of the Total Environment,2010,408(5):1050-1058.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.056.
[10] 苗永超,王炳辉,陈锴.YC6A220C型柴油机燃用生物柴油的性能试验研究[J].内燃机与动力装置,2012(5):14-16.
[11] KALLIGEROS S,ZANNIKOS F,STOURNAS S,et al.An investigation of using biodiesel/marine diesel blends on the performance of a stationary diesel engine[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,24(2):141-149.
[12] WEI Lijiang,CHENG Rupeng,MAO Hongjun,et al.Combustion process and NOx emissions of a marine auxiliary diesel engine fuelled with wastecooking oil biodiesel blends[J].Energy,2018,144:73-80.DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.012.
[13] CHANG Yachao,JIA Ming,LI Yaopeng,et al.Development of a skeletal oxidation mechanism for biodiesel surrogate[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2015,35:3037-3044.DOI:org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.09.009.
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