茶多酚对不同植物病原菌抑制作用的研究
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摘要
茶多酚具有抑菌作用,但是对植物病原菌,尤其是对植物病原真菌的抑制作用目前还未有报道。以从绿茶中萃取的茶多酚粗品为供试药剂,通过室内菌丝生长速率法考察了茶多酚粗品对多种植物病原菌的抑制作用,并研究了温度对茶多酚抑菌活性的影响。结果表明,茶多酚对卵菌门病原菌的抑制效果较好(IC_(50)值为0.000 7～0.003 g·mL~(-1)),其次为炭疽菌属病原菌(IC_(50)值为0.003～0.05 g·mL~(-1)),而对水稻纹枯病菌、小麦纹枯病菌、小麦赤霉病菌和玉米弯孢病菌无明显抑制作用。同时,高浓度茶多酚对短小芽孢杆菌的抑制作用显著。当培养基温度为65℃时加入茶多酚,茶多酚的抑菌活性发生显著变化,对小麦纹枯病菌的抑制作用显著。因此,茶多酚可作为植物病原菌抑菌剂。
Tea polyphenols have obvious antibacterial activity;however,no report about inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on plant pathogens,specially,on plant pathogenic fungi in China,is found.Using crude tea polyphenols as testing agents,we investigated the inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on different plant pathogens by an indoor mycelium growth rate method,and studied the effect of temperature on the antibacterial activity of tea polyphenols.The results show that tea polyphenols have good inhibitory effects on the pathogens of Oomycota(IC_(50) value ranges from 0.000 7 g·mL~(-1) to 0.003 g·mL~(-1)),followed by the pathogens of Colletotrichum(IC_(50) value ranges from 0.003 g·mL~(-1) to 0.05 g·mL~(-1)).Meanwhile,tea polyphenols with high concentration exhibit a significant inhibitory effect on Bacillus pumilus.However,tea polyphenols have no obvious inhibitory effects on Rhizoctonia solani,Kühn,Rhizotonia cerealis van der Hoeven apud.Boerema & Verhoeven,Fusarium graminearum Schwabe,and Maize curvularia.Furthermore,the antibacterial activity of tea polyphenols changes significantly,which shows an obvious inhibitory effect on Rhizotonia cerealis van der Hoeven apud. Boerema & Verhoeven when tea polyphenols are added in a medium at 65 ℃.Therefore,tea polyphenols can be used as bacteriostatic agents against plant pathogens.
Tea polyphenols have obvious antibacterial activity;however,no report about inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on plant pathogens,specially,on plant pathogenic fungi in China,is found.Using crude tea polyphenols as testing agents,we investigated the inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on different plant pathogens by an indoor mycelium growth rate method,and studied the effect of temperature on the antibacterial activity of tea polyphenols.The results show that tea polyphenols have good inhibitory effects on the pathogens of Oomycota(IC_(50) value ranges from 0.000 7 g·mL~(-1) to 0.003 g·mL~(-1)),followed by the pathogens of Colletotrichum(IC_(50) value ranges from 0.003 g·mL~(-1) to 0.05 g·mL~(-1)).Meanwhile,tea polyphenols with high concentration exhibit a significant inhibitory effect on Bacillus pumilus.However,tea polyphenols have no obvious inhibitory effects on Rhizoctonia solani,Kühn,Rhizotonia cerealis van der Hoeven apud.Boerema & Verhoeven,Fusarium graminearum Schwabe,and Maize curvularia.Furthermore,the antibacterial activity of tea polyphenols changes significantly,which shows an obvious inhibitory effect on Rhizotonia cerealis van der Hoeven apud. Boerema & Verhoeven when tea polyphenols are added in a medium at 65 ℃.Therefore,tea polyphenols can be used as bacteriostatic agents against plant pathogens.
引文
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[11] 沈崇尧,苏彦纯.中国大豆疫霉病菌的发现及初步研究[J].植物病理学报,1991,21(4):298.SHEN C Y,SU Y C.Discovery and preliminary studies of Phytophthora megasperma on soybean in China[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,1991,21(4):298.
[12] ZHU Z D,WANG H B,WANG X M,et al.Distribution and virulence diversity of Phytophthora sojae in China[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2004,3(2):116-123.
[13] 许兰兰,黄曦,李昆志,等.海洋真菌的筛选及其对离体荔枝果霜霉病和炭疽病的防效[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(2):214-220.XU L L,HUANG X,LI K Z,et al.Screening of marine antagonistic fungi and their control efficiency on downy mildew and anthracnose diseases of harvested litchi fruit[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2011,27(2):214-220.
[2] 李柯欣.茶多酚的提取、抑菌作用与抑菌机理研究[D].成都:西华大学,2017.LI K X.Study on extraction,bacteriostasis and bacteriostatic mechanism of tea polyphenols[D].Chengdu:Xihua University,2017.
[3] 汪金莲,邱业先,扶教龙,等.茶多酚对稻瘟病菌的抑制作用及抑菌机理[J].天然产物研究与开发,2011,23(5):918-922.WANG J L,QIU Y X,FU J L,et al.Inhibitive effect of tea-polyphenols on Pyricularia oryzae and its mechanism[J].Natural Product Research & Development,2011,23(5):918-922.
[4] 汪金莲,邱业先,陈宏伟,等.茶多酚对几种植物病原真菌的抑制作用及机理研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20(4):690-694.WANG J L,QIU Y X,CHEN H W,et al.Inhibitive action of tea-polyphenol on some plant pathogenic fungi[J].Natural Product Research & Development,2008,20(4):690-694.
[5] 李明春,魏东盛,邢来君.关于卵菌纲分类地位演变的教学体会[J].菌物研究,2006,4(3):70-74.LI M C,WEI D S,XING L J.Teaching feeling about the change of the position of Oomycetes classification[J].Journal of Fungal Research,2006,4(3):70-74.
[6] CARLILE M J,WATKINSON S C,GOODAY G W.The Fungi [M].2nd.New York:Academic Press,2001.
[7] 陈岩,郑锦锦,杨慧,等.我国蔬菜合理用药情况调查分析[J].农药,2018,57(9):627-631.CHEN Y,ZHENG J J,YANG H,et al .Investigation and analysis of rational use of pesticides in vegetable of China[J].Agrochemicals,2018,57(9):627-631.
[8] HAWKSWORTH D L,KIRK P M,SUTTON B C,et al.Ainsworth & Bisby′s Dictionary of the Fungi[M].8th.UK,Egham:International Mycological Institute,1995,32(2):7-10.
[9] 娜仁.大豆疫霉菌无毒基因的克隆及马铃薯抗病品种紫花白抗晚疫病机制的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.NA R.Identification of avirulence gene of Phytophthora sojae and the study on resistance mechanism of potato cultivar Zihuabai to Phytophthora infestans[D].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2013.
[10] 王利国,马祁.天然产物对植物病毒的抑制作用[J].中国生物防治,2000,16(3):127-130.WANG L G,MA Q.Inhibition of plant viruses by natural products[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2000,16(3):127-130.
[11] 沈崇尧,苏彦纯.中国大豆疫霉病菌的发现及初步研究[J].植物病理学报,1991,21(4):298.SHEN C Y,SU Y C.Discovery and preliminary studies of Phytophthora megasperma on soybean in China[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,1991,21(4):298.
[12] ZHU Z D,WANG H B,WANG X M,et al.Distribution and virulence diversity of Phytophthora sojae in China[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2004,3(2):116-123.
[13] 许兰兰,黄曦,李昆志,等.海洋真菌的筛选及其对离体荔枝果霜霉病和炭疽病的防效[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(2):214-220.XU L L,HUANG X,LI K Z,et al.Screening of marine antagonistic fungi and their control efficiency on downy mildew and anthracnose diseases of harvested litchi fruit[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2011,27(2):214-220.
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