饮马河中游不同土地类型重金属分布特征及风险评价
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摘要
以饮马河中游为研究区域,测定土壤重金属(Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr)浓度,研究湿地沉积物与陆地土壤中9种土地利用方式下重金属的含量分布以及风险状况,探究单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合指数、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险评价法4种评价体系的准确性。结果表明,Pb在陆地土壤中富集量相对较大,Cr在湿地沉积物中富集量相对较大,在不同类型土壤中Cu,Zn分布无显著差异;评价体系采用地累积指数法与潜在生态风险评价法相结合较为准确。综合2种评价结果,研究区域具有轻微的潜在风险,其中,Pb贡献率最高,部分区域呈现轻微污染。
Using Yinma river middle reaches as a study area, we measured the concentrations of soil heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr),studied the distribution and risk status of heavy metals in wetland sediments and terrestrial soils, and explored the accuracy of the four evaluation systems of single factor pollution index method, Nemerow index, geoaccumulation index method and potential ecological risk assessment method. The results showed that Pb was higher in terrestrial soils, and Cr was higher in wetland soils. There was no significant difference in the distribution of Cu and Zn in different types of soils. The evaluation system was more accurate in combination with the geo accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk assessment method. Based on the results of the two evaluations,the study area has a slight potential risk, of which Pb has the highest contribution rate, and some areas have slight pollution, followed by Cu, Cr and Zn.
Using Yinma river middle reaches as a study area, we measured the concentrations of soil heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr),studied the distribution and risk status of heavy metals in wetland sediments and terrestrial soils, and explored the accuracy of the four evaluation systems of single factor pollution index method, Nemerow index, geoaccumulation index method and potential ecological risk assessment method. The results showed that Pb was higher in terrestrial soils, and Cr was higher in wetland soils. There was no significant difference in the distribution of Cu and Zn in different types of soils. The evaluation system was more accurate in combination with the geo accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk assessment method. Based on the results of the two evaluations,the study area has a slight potential risk, of which Pb has the highest contribution rate, and some areas have slight pollution, followed by Cu, Cr and Zn.
引文
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[24]徐莉,黄亮亮,吴志强.广西会仙湿地土壤重金属分布特征及风险评估[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(29):35-38.
[25]虞敏达,张慧,何小松.典型农业活动区土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1500-1507.
[26] MUNGAI T M,OWINO A A,MAKOKHA V A. Occurrences and toxicological risk assessment of eight heavy metals in agricultural soils from Kenya,Eastern Africa[J]. Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2016,23(18):1-9.
[27]魏复盛,陈静生.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-19.
[28]孔凡彬,刘阳.单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法在土壤环境质量评价中的比较[J].甘肃科技,2014,30(3):21-22.
[2] KE X,GUI S,HUANG H,et al. Ecological risk assessment and source identification for heavy metals in surface sediment from the Liaohe River protected area,China[J]. Chemosphere,2017,175:473-481.
[3]于君宝,董洪芳,王慧彬,等.黄河三角洲新生湿地土壤金属元素空间分布特征[J].湿地科学,2011,9(4):297-304.
[4]田应兵,宋光煜,艾天成.湿地土壤及其生态功能[J].生态学杂志,2002,21(6):36-39.
[5]岳霞,刘魁,林夏露,等.中国七大主要水系重金属污染现况[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(3):209-213,223.
[6]韩平,王纪华,冯晓元,等.北京顺义区土壤重金属污染生态风险评估研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(1):103-109.
[7] FERRONATO C,VIANELLO G,ANTISARI L V. Heavy metal risk assessment after oxidation of dredged sediments through speciation and availability studies in the Reno river basin,Northern Italy[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments,2015,15(5):1235-1245.
[8]于云江,胡林凯,杨彦,等.典型流域农田土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(12):1523-1527.
[9]白玲玉,曾希柏,李莲芳,等.不同农业利用方式对土壤重金属累积的影响及原因分析[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(1):96-104.
[10]徐兰.洋河流域不同土地利用方式对土壤重金属污染的影响机制研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.
[11]崔勇.长春市石头口门水库水源地水质污染成因及防治对策研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2010.
[12]谢淼.石头口门水库汇水区土地利用情景分析及水资源污染模拟研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.
[13]范拴喜.土壤重金属污染与控制[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011:160-161.
[14] YADAV A K,ABBASSI R,KUUMAR N,et al. The removal of heavy metals in wetland microcosms:effects of bed depth,plant species,and metal mobility[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,211/212(15):501-507.
[15] JIA ZH B,LIANG T,LAM KINCHE,et al. Study on heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risk in Hong Kong river[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,1997,33(4):485-492.
[16]金丕兴.吉林省土壤环境背景值研究[J].吉林地质科技情报,1993,12(3):13-24.
[17]张珍明,张清海,林绍霞,等.贵州草海湖湿地水体污染特征及污染因子分析研究[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(20):183-187.
[18]秦先燕,李运怀,孙跃.环巢湖典型农业区土壤重金属来源解析[J].地球与环境,2017,45(4):455-463.
[19]党丽娜,梅杨,廖祥森.城市不同交通圈(带)土壤重金属多元统计分析及空间分布研究:以武汉市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(6):925-931.
[20]周洪英,单爱琴,徐林建.城市土壤重金属污染多元统计及空间评估[J].工业安全与环保,2016,42(5):1-4.
[21]李卫平,王非,杨文焕.包头市南海湿地土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(11):1977-1984.
[22] CHEN H M,ZHENG C R,WANG S Q,et al. Combined pollution and pollution index of heavy metals in red soil[J]. Pedosphere,2000,10(2):117-124.
[23]宗超,张莹,李英.北京地区池塘底泥中重金属分布及其污染评价[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(3):1056-1062.
[24]徐莉,黄亮亮,吴志强.广西会仙湿地土壤重金属分布特征及风险评估[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(29):35-38.
[25]虞敏达,张慧,何小松.典型农业活动区土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1500-1507.
[26] MUNGAI T M,OWINO A A,MAKOKHA V A. Occurrences and toxicological risk assessment of eight heavy metals in agricultural soils from Kenya,Eastern Africa[J]. Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2016,23(18):1-9.
[27]魏复盛,陈静生.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-19.
[28]孔凡彬,刘阳.单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法在土壤环境质量评价中的比较[J].甘肃科技,2014,30(3):21-22.