锈蚀和疲劳耦合作用下梁桥时变承载力评估
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摘要
钢筋混凝土桥梁在环境和荷载双重作用下将出现锈蚀、粘结退化和疲劳损伤,现有承载力计算方法不能同时考虑三者的综合影响。根据已有成果系统阐述锈蚀、粘结退化和疲劳损伤对承载力的影响,分析锈蚀和疲劳耦合作用下的钢筋面积退化情况。根据锈蚀钢筋与混凝土界面间的变形协调关系推导多因素影响下截面协同工作系数的表达式,提出同时考虑锈蚀、粘结退化和疲劳损伤的承载力计算方法。以钢筋混凝土简支梁为例,对其承载力退化过程进行理论分析和数值模拟。结果表明:所提出的承载力评估方法可以合理准确地反映桥梁在疲劳和锈蚀耦合作用下的承载力退化过程,可为计算锈蚀和疲劳耦合作用下桥梁承载力评估提供参考。
For the reinforced concrete bridges, the degeneration phenomenon such as corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage will occur under the double action of environmental effect and loading. The comprehensive action of the three factors cannot be entirely considered according to the current bearing capacity calculation methods. The influence of corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage on the bearing capacity of RC bridge was intensively elaborated based on the existing achievements, and the reduction of reinforcement area under the coupling action of corrosion and fatigue was analyzed. The analytic expression of cross section cooperative work coefficient was deduced according to the deformation coordination relationship between corroded steel bar and concrete interface, and the bearing capacity calculation method considering corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage was proposed. Taking one reinforced concrete simply supported beam as an example, the degradation process of bearing capacity was analyzed by the finite element method and the theoretical method proposed in this study, respectively. The results show that the evaluation method of bearing capacity considering coupling effects can reasonably represent the degradation process of bearing capacity under the action of fatigue and corrosion. The new method can be used as an effective reference for evaluating the bearing capacity of RC bridges under the coupling action due to corrosion and fatigue.
For the reinforced concrete bridges, the degeneration phenomenon such as corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage will occur under the double action of environmental effect and loading. The comprehensive action of the three factors cannot be entirely considered according to the current bearing capacity calculation methods. The influence of corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage on the bearing capacity of RC bridge was intensively elaborated based on the existing achievements, and the reduction of reinforcement area under the coupling action of corrosion and fatigue was analyzed. The analytic expression of cross section cooperative work coefficient was deduced according to the deformation coordination relationship between corroded steel bar and concrete interface, and the bearing capacity calculation method considering corrosion, bond degradation and fatigue damage was proposed. Taking one reinforced concrete simply supported beam as an example, the degradation process of bearing capacity was analyzed by the finite element method and the theoretical method proposed in this study, respectively. The results show that the evaluation method of bearing capacity considering coupling effects can reasonably represent the degradation process of bearing capacity under the action of fatigue and corrosion. The new method can be used as an effective reference for evaluating the bearing capacity of RC bridges under the coupling action due to corrosion and fatigue.
引文
[1]牛荻涛,翟彬,王林科,等.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的承载力分析[J].建筑结构,1998(8):23-25.Niu Ditao,Zhai Bin,Wang Linke,et al.Analysis for bearing capacity of RC beams with rusting steel bar[J].Building Structure,1998(8):23-25.(in Chinese)
[2]Coronelli D,Gambarova P.Structural Assessment of corroded reinforced concrete beams:modeling guidelines[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(8):1214-1224.
[3]Francois R,Khan I,Dang V H.Impact of corrosion on mechanical properties of steel embedded in;27-year-old corroded reinforced concrete beams[J].Materials and Structures,2013,46(6):899-910.
[4]赵建昌,徐宁.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁截面协同工作系数研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(9):1096-1102.Zhao Jianchang,Xu Ning.Studies on the section coordination coefficient of corroded reinforced concrete beam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,38(9):1096-1102.(in Chinese)
[5]孙彬,牛荻涛,王庆霖.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(11):1-6.Sun Bin,Niu Ditao,Wang Qinglin.Calculation method for flexural capacity of corroded RC beams[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(11):1-6.(in Chinese)
[6]杨明.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.Yang Ming.Study on flexural behavior of corroded reinforced concrete beams[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2006.(in Chinese)
[7]宋玉普.混凝土的动力本构关系和破坏准则(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.Song Yupu.Dynamic constitutive relation and failure criterion of concrete:part 2[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[8]Zhong X P,Jin W L,Xia J.A time-varying model for predicting the life-cycle flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2015,18(1):21-32.
[9]杨良,孙立军.钢筋混凝土桥梁的钢筋锈蚀与疲劳耦合损伤[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(12):1784-1787.Yang Liang,Sun Lijun.Damage of steel bar of reinforced concrete bridge by the coupling effect of corrosion and fatigue[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2015,43(12):1784-1787.(in Chinese)
[10]Zhang W,Ye Z,Gu X,et al.Assessment of fatigue life for corroded reinforced concrete beams under uniaxial bending[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2017,143(7):1-14.
[11]Zhu W,Fran?ois R.Prediction of the residual load-bearing capacity of naturally corroded beams using the variability of tension behaviour of corroded steel bars[J].Structure&Infrastructure Engineering,2016,12(2):143-158.
[12]Yang S,Fang C Q,Yuan Z J,et al.Effects of reinforcement corrosion and repeated loads on performance of reinforced concrete beam[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2015,18(8):1257-1272.
[13]蔡健,魏沐杨,罗赤宇,等.弯曲荷载与氯盐侵蚀共同作用下的预应力混凝土梁耐久性能研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(7):208-218.Cai Jian,Wei Muyang,Luo Chiyu,et al.Durability of prestressed concrete beams under simultaneous flexural load and chloride erosion[J].Engineering Mechanics.2018,35(7):208-218.(in Chinese)
[14]Emilio B.Reliability of reinforced concrete structures subjected to corrosion-fatigue and climate change[J].International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials,2018,12(1):1-13.
[15]Fib model code for concrete structures 2010(2013)[S].Lausanne:International Federation for Structural Concrete,2013.
[16]Shafei B,Alipour A,Shinozuka M.Prediction of corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete members subjected to environmental stressors:A finite-element framework[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2012,42(2):365-376.
[17]王伟.氯离子环境下混凝土结构耐久性设计研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.Wang Wei.Research on durability design of concrete structures exposed to chloride environment[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[18]宋志刚,金伟良,刘芳,等.钢筋锈蚀率概率分布的动态演进模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2006,40(10):1749-1754.Song Zhigang,Jin Weiliang,Liu Fang,et al.Dynamic simulation method for probability evolution of reinforcement steel corrosion[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2006,40(10):1749-1754.(in Chinese)
[19]汪训流,陆新征,叶列平.往复荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2007,42(12):76-81.Wang Xunliu,Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping.Numerical simulation for the hysteresis behavior of RC columns under cyclic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,42(12):76-81.(in Chinese)
[20]张伟平,商登峰,顾祥林.锈蚀钢筋应力-应变关系研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版).2006,34(5):586-592.Zhang Weiping,Shang Dengfeng,Gu Xianglin.Stress-strain relationship of corroded steel bars[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2006,34(5):586-592.(in Chinese)
[21]Zandi K.Corrosion-induced cover spalling and anchorage capacity[J].Structure and Infrastructure Engineering,2015,11(12):1547-1564.
[22]徐有邻,沈文都,汪洪.钢筋砼粘结锚固性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报.1994,15(3):26-37.Xu Youlin,Shen Wendu,Wang Hong.An experimental study of bond-anchorage properties of bars in concrete[J].Journal of Building Structures,1994,15(3):26-37.(in Chinese)
[23]金伟良,袁迎曙,卫军,等.氯盐环境下混凝土结构耐久性理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Jin Weiliang,Yuan Yingshu,Wei Jun,et al.Durability theory and design method for concrete structures under chloride attack[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[24]Holmen J O.Fatigue of concrete by constant and variable amplitude loading[C]//Fatigue of Concrete Structures.Detroit America:American Concrete Institute,1982:71-110.
[25]王瑞敏,赵国藩,宋玉普.混凝土的受压疲劳性能研究[J].土木工程学报,1991,24(4):38-47.Wang Ruimin,Zhao Guofan,Song Yupu.Fatigue of plain concrete under compression[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1991,24(4):38-47.(in Chinese)
[26]朱劲松,闫广鹏.钢筋混凝土桥面板疲劳数值分析方法[J].中国公路学报.2012,25(1):59-66.Zhu Jinsong,Yan Guangpeng.Method of numerical simulation for reinforced concrete bridge slabs under fatigue load[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(1):59-66.(in Chinese)
[27]Li Z X,Chan T H T,Ko J M.Fatigue analysis and life prediction of bridges with structural health monitoring data-Part I:methodology and strategy[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2001,23(1):45-53.
[28]朱劲松,朱先存.钢筋混凝土桥梁疲劳累积损伤失效过程简化分析方法[J].工程力学,2012,29(5):107-114.Zhu Jinsong,Zhu Xiancun.Simplified method for analysis of fatigue cumulative damage failure process of RC bridge[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(5):107-114.(in Chinese)
[29]Li G,Hu F,Wu Y.Chloride ion penetration in stressed concrete[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2011,23(8):1145-1153.
[30]蒋金洋,孙伟,王晶,等.弯曲疲劳载荷作用下结构混凝土抗氯离子扩散性能[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(2):362-366.Jiang Jinyang,Sun Wei,Wang Jing,et al.Resistance to chloride ion diffusion of structural concrete under bending fatigue load[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2010,40(2):362-366.(in Chinese)
[31]李士彬,张伟平,顾祥林,等.加速锈蚀钢筋的疲劳试验研究[J].铁道学报,2010,32(5):93-97.Li Shibin,Zhang Weiping,Gu Xianglin,et al.Experimental study on fatigue properties of corrosion-accelerated steel bars[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(5):93-97.(in Chinese)
[32]张建仁,张克波,彭晖,等.锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形梁正截面抗弯承载力计算方法[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(3):45-51.Zhang Jianren,Zhang Kebo,Peng Hui,et al.Calculation method of normal section flexural capacity of corroded reinforced concrete rectangular beams[J].Journal of Highway and Transport,2009,22(3):45-51.(in Chinese)
[33]GB 50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50010-2010,Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[34]Ng C K,Tan K H.Flexural behaviour of externally prestressed beams.Part I:Analytical model[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(4):609-621.
[35]易建国.混凝土简支梁(板)桥[M].第3版.北京:人民交通出版社,2016.Yi Jianguo.Reinforced concrete simply supported girder(slab)bridges[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Communications Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[36]Boulfiza M,Sakai K,Banthia N,et al.Prediction of cracking effect on the penetration of chloride ions in reinforced concrete[J].Proceedings of the Japan Concrete Institute,2000,22(1):91-96.
[37]赵瀚玮.钢筋混凝土简支梁桥的振动效应与疲劳特性的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2014.Zhao Hanwei.Research on the effects of vibration and fatigue characteristics of reinforced concrete simply supported girder bridges[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2014.(in Chinese)
[2]Coronelli D,Gambarova P.Structural Assessment of corroded reinforced concrete beams:modeling guidelines[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(8):1214-1224.
[3]Francois R,Khan I,Dang V H.Impact of corrosion on mechanical properties of steel embedded in;27-year-old corroded reinforced concrete beams[J].Materials and Structures,2013,46(6):899-910.
[4]赵建昌,徐宁.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁截面协同工作系数研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(9):1096-1102.Zhao Jianchang,Xu Ning.Studies on the section coordination coefficient of corroded reinforced concrete beam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2007,38(9):1096-1102.(in Chinese)
[5]孙彬,牛荻涛,王庆霖.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(11):1-6.Sun Bin,Niu Ditao,Wang Qinglin.Calculation method for flexural capacity of corroded RC beams[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(11):1-6.(in Chinese)
[6]杨明.锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.Yang Ming.Study on flexural behavior of corroded reinforced concrete beams[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2006.(in Chinese)
[7]宋玉普.混凝土的动力本构关系和破坏准则(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.Song Yupu.Dynamic constitutive relation and failure criterion of concrete:part 2[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[8]Zhong X P,Jin W L,Xia J.A time-varying model for predicting the life-cycle flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2015,18(1):21-32.
[9]杨良,孙立军.钢筋混凝土桥梁的钢筋锈蚀与疲劳耦合损伤[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(12):1784-1787.Yang Liang,Sun Lijun.Damage of steel bar of reinforced concrete bridge by the coupling effect of corrosion and fatigue[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2015,43(12):1784-1787.(in Chinese)
[10]Zhang W,Ye Z,Gu X,et al.Assessment of fatigue life for corroded reinforced concrete beams under uniaxial bending[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2017,143(7):1-14.
[11]Zhu W,Fran?ois R.Prediction of the residual load-bearing capacity of naturally corroded beams using the variability of tension behaviour of corroded steel bars[J].Structure&Infrastructure Engineering,2016,12(2):143-158.
[12]Yang S,Fang C Q,Yuan Z J,et al.Effects of reinforcement corrosion and repeated loads on performance of reinforced concrete beam[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2015,18(8):1257-1272.
[13]蔡健,魏沐杨,罗赤宇,等.弯曲荷载与氯盐侵蚀共同作用下的预应力混凝土梁耐久性能研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(7):208-218.Cai Jian,Wei Muyang,Luo Chiyu,et al.Durability of prestressed concrete beams under simultaneous flexural load and chloride erosion[J].Engineering Mechanics.2018,35(7):208-218.(in Chinese)
[14]Emilio B.Reliability of reinforced concrete structures subjected to corrosion-fatigue and climate change[J].International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials,2018,12(1):1-13.
[15]Fib model code for concrete structures 2010(2013)[S].Lausanne:International Federation for Structural Concrete,2013.
[16]Shafei B,Alipour A,Shinozuka M.Prediction of corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete members subjected to environmental stressors:A finite-element framework[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2012,42(2):365-376.
[17]王伟.氯离子环境下混凝土结构耐久性设计研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.Wang Wei.Research on durability design of concrete structures exposed to chloride environment[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[18]宋志刚,金伟良,刘芳,等.钢筋锈蚀率概率分布的动态演进模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2006,40(10):1749-1754.Song Zhigang,Jin Weiliang,Liu Fang,et al.Dynamic simulation method for probability evolution of reinforcement steel corrosion[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2006,40(10):1749-1754.(in Chinese)
[19]汪训流,陆新征,叶列平.往复荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2007,42(12):76-81.Wang Xunliu,Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping.Numerical simulation for the hysteresis behavior of RC columns under cyclic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,42(12):76-81.(in Chinese)
[20]张伟平,商登峰,顾祥林.锈蚀钢筋应力-应变关系研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版).2006,34(5):586-592.Zhang Weiping,Shang Dengfeng,Gu Xianglin.Stress-strain relationship of corroded steel bars[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2006,34(5):586-592.(in Chinese)
[21]Zandi K.Corrosion-induced cover spalling and anchorage capacity[J].Structure and Infrastructure Engineering,2015,11(12):1547-1564.
[22]徐有邻,沈文都,汪洪.钢筋砼粘结锚固性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报.1994,15(3):26-37.Xu Youlin,Shen Wendu,Wang Hong.An experimental study of bond-anchorage properties of bars in concrete[J].Journal of Building Structures,1994,15(3):26-37.(in Chinese)
[23]金伟良,袁迎曙,卫军,等.氯盐环境下混凝土结构耐久性理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Jin Weiliang,Yuan Yingshu,Wei Jun,et al.Durability theory and design method for concrete structures under chloride attack[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[24]Holmen J O.Fatigue of concrete by constant and variable amplitude loading[C]//Fatigue of Concrete Structures.Detroit America:American Concrete Institute,1982:71-110.
[25]王瑞敏,赵国藩,宋玉普.混凝土的受压疲劳性能研究[J].土木工程学报,1991,24(4):38-47.Wang Ruimin,Zhao Guofan,Song Yupu.Fatigue of plain concrete under compression[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1991,24(4):38-47.(in Chinese)
[26]朱劲松,闫广鹏.钢筋混凝土桥面板疲劳数值分析方法[J].中国公路学报.2012,25(1):59-66.Zhu Jinsong,Yan Guangpeng.Method of numerical simulation for reinforced concrete bridge slabs under fatigue load[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(1):59-66.(in Chinese)
[27]Li Z X,Chan T H T,Ko J M.Fatigue analysis and life prediction of bridges with structural health monitoring data-Part I:methodology and strategy[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2001,23(1):45-53.
[28]朱劲松,朱先存.钢筋混凝土桥梁疲劳累积损伤失效过程简化分析方法[J].工程力学,2012,29(5):107-114.Zhu Jinsong,Zhu Xiancun.Simplified method for analysis of fatigue cumulative damage failure process of RC bridge[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(5):107-114.(in Chinese)
[29]Li G,Hu F,Wu Y.Chloride ion penetration in stressed concrete[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2011,23(8):1145-1153.
[30]蒋金洋,孙伟,王晶,等.弯曲疲劳载荷作用下结构混凝土抗氯离子扩散性能[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(2):362-366.Jiang Jinyang,Sun Wei,Wang Jing,et al.Resistance to chloride ion diffusion of structural concrete under bending fatigue load[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2010,40(2):362-366.(in Chinese)
[31]李士彬,张伟平,顾祥林,等.加速锈蚀钢筋的疲劳试验研究[J].铁道学报,2010,32(5):93-97.Li Shibin,Zhang Weiping,Gu Xianglin,et al.Experimental study on fatigue properties of corrosion-accelerated steel bars[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(5):93-97.(in Chinese)
[32]张建仁,张克波,彭晖,等.锈蚀钢筋混凝土矩形梁正截面抗弯承载力计算方法[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(3):45-51.Zhang Jianren,Zhang Kebo,Peng Hui,et al.Calculation method of normal section flexural capacity of corroded reinforced concrete rectangular beams[J].Journal of Highway and Transport,2009,22(3):45-51.(in Chinese)
[33]GB 50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50010-2010,Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[34]Ng C K,Tan K H.Flexural behaviour of externally prestressed beams.Part I:Analytical model[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(4):609-621.
[35]易建国.混凝土简支梁(板)桥[M].第3版.北京:人民交通出版社,2016.Yi Jianguo.Reinforced concrete simply supported girder(slab)bridges[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Communications Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[36]Boulfiza M,Sakai K,Banthia N,et al.Prediction of cracking effect on the penetration of chloride ions in reinforced concrete[J].Proceedings of the Japan Concrete Institute,2000,22(1):91-96.
[37]赵瀚玮.钢筋混凝土简支梁桥的振动效应与疲劳特性的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2014.Zhao Hanwei.Research on the effects of vibration and fatigue characteristics of reinforced concrete simply supported girder bridges[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2014.(in Chinese)