中老泰铁路建设对云南省及沿线国家空间联系格局的影响——基于城市流网络的分析
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摘要
中老泰铁路作为泛亚铁路东、中、西三线的中线,对中国与老挝、泰国的跨境合作以及助推"一带一路"倡议的"中国-中南半岛"经济走廊的建设起着重要作用。选取中国云南省和老挝、泰国作为研究区域,以非障区的区域开发为基础,并选取铁路沿线15个主要城市,基于城市流网络视角对比铁路建设前后区域可达性与城市流网络的变化,结果显示:铁路建成将提升障区可进入性与非障区可开发性,提高区域互联开发潜力,提升研究区内可达性。可达性呈现以铁路线路为轴向周围辐射递减的格局,但泰国西部及老挝东部自然障区可达性提升效果甚微;铁路将增强城市间联系强度,实现"树状-网状"的城市流网络形态高效重构,网络发育更加成熟稳固;铁路也使得网络结构扁平化、分散化,流网络重构过程中资源的分散与耗散并存,城市间联系效率下降。
Railway is imperative for upgrading native industrial structure,transforming economic structure, strengthening foreign trade as well as enhancing the influence of great powers. As the middle route of Pan-Asian Railway system, China-Laos-Thailand Railway(CR) plays a significant role in promoting cross-border cooperation between China, Laos and Thailand as well as enhancing the construction of China-Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor.Therefore, based on the regional development of natural barrier and non-barrier regions, this study chooses Yunnan Province in China, Laos and Thailand as the research area and selects 15 major cities along CR as the research objects. Based on the perspective of city flow network, by using Spatial Gravity model, Markov chain and Accessibility Analysis, the regional accessibility and the degree of inter-city linkages now were compared with those after the construction of CR. The results show that: 1) The construction of CR will make it easier to access natural barrier regions and promote the potential development ability in non-barrier regions. 2) The construction of CR will promote the regional accessibility of the study area comprehensively. Accessibility presents a pattern of decreasing radiation around CR. The improvements in accessibility, however, has little impact on natural barrier areas of Western Thailand and Eastern Laos. 3) The construction of CR will enhance the intensity of inter-city connection, realize the efficient reconfiguration of city flow network which grows from tree-like formation to lattice-like formation. The form of city network is more stable and mature. 4) In the process of network reconfiguration, the structure of city flow network is flatter and more dispersed, both the dispersion and dissipation of resources coexist, which makes the efficiency of inter-city linkages decrease.
Railway is imperative for upgrading native industrial structure,transforming economic structure, strengthening foreign trade as well as enhancing the influence of great powers. As the middle route of Pan-Asian Railway system, China-Laos-Thailand Railway(CR) plays a significant role in promoting cross-border cooperation between China, Laos and Thailand as well as enhancing the construction of China-Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor.Therefore, based on the regional development of natural barrier and non-barrier regions, this study chooses Yunnan Province in China, Laos and Thailand as the research area and selects 15 major cities along CR as the research objects. Based on the perspective of city flow network, by using Spatial Gravity model, Markov chain and Accessibility Analysis, the regional accessibility and the degree of inter-city linkages now were compared with those after the construction of CR. The results show that: 1) The construction of CR will make it easier to access natural barrier regions and promote the potential development ability in non-barrier regions. 2) The construction of CR will promote the regional accessibility of the study area comprehensively. Accessibility presents a pattern of decreasing radiation around CR. The improvements in accessibility, however, has little impact on natural barrier areas of Western Thailand and Eastern Laos. 3) The construction of CR will enhance the intensity of inter-city connection, realize the efficient reconfiguration of city flow network which grows from tree-like formation to lattice-like formation. The form of city network is more stable and mature. 4) In the process of network reconfiguration, the structure of city flow network is flatter and more dispersed, both the dispersion and dissipation of resources coexist, which makes the efficiency of inter-city linkages decrease.
引文
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[3]Martín J C,Gutiérrez J,Román C.Data envelopment analysis(DEA)index to measure the accessibility impacts of new infrastructure investments:The case of the high-speed train corridor Madrid-Barcelona-French border.Regional Studies,2004,38(6):697-712.
[4]金凤君,王姣娥.20世纪中国铁路网扩展及其空间通达性.地理学报,2004,59(2):293-302.
[5]孟德友,陆玉麒.高速铁路对河南沿线城市可达性及经济联系的影响.地理科学,2011,31(5):537-543.
[6]王泱.高铁网络与长三角城市群空间联系格局//中国城市规划学会、沈阳市人民政府.规划60年:成就与挑战--2016中国城市规划年会论文集(05城市交通规划).中国城市规划学会、沈阳市人民政府:,2016:11.
[7]马颖忆,陆玉麒,柯文前,等.泛亚高铁建设对中国西南边疆地区与中南半岛空间联系的影响.地理研究,2015,(05):825-837.
[8]李勤,陈旭.云南国际大通道对第三亚欧大陆桥的推进作用研究.经济问题探索,2008(01):7-10.
[9]陆卓明.当代世界政治经济地理结构.北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1981,(04):63-74+82.
[10]杨海艳.我国人居适宜性的海拔高度分级研究.南京:南京师范大学,2013.
[11]四川省城乡规划设计研究院.城市用地竖向规划规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999.
[12]王静爱,左伟.中国地理图集.北京:中国地图出版社,2010.
[13]交通部公路司中国工程建设标准化协会公路工程委员会.公路工程技术标准.人民交通出版社,2004.
[14]王兰.山地城市公园可达性研究--以重庆市主城区山地城市公园为例.重庆:西南大学,2008.
[15]Higashi M,Burns T P,Patten B C.Network trophic dynamics:the tempo of energy movement and availability in ecosystems.Ecological Modelling,1993,66(1-2):43-64.