长江流域入河排污口监督管理长效机制研究
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摘要
加强入河排污口监督管理是水资源管理和水环境保护的重要手段,是水污染防治的重要措施。通过对长江流域入河排污口监督管理现状的描述与分析,针对监督管理中存在的衔接机制界定不清晰、审批程序不规范、设置布局不优化以及监管能力建设不足等问题,提出了制定排污口法规标准体系、完善监管制度、推进规范化建设、强化监测监控、加强统计和信息建设、加强管理能力建设以及加大监管执法和考核力度等方面的对策及建议。研究成果对于落实最严格水资源管理制度、贯彻长江经济带绿色发展和长江大保护建设的精神、推动长江流域入河排污口监督管理长效机制建设将具有重要意义。
Reinforcing the supervision and management of sewage outlets is an important means for water resources management and water environment protection,and it is also a critical measure for preventing water pollution. By reviewing and analyzing the condition of supervision and management of sewage outlets in Yangtze River basin,we found out that the following problems stand out,the cohesive mechanism is not clearly defined,the licensing process is lack of standardization,the layout of outlets are inappropriate,and capacity building is insufficient. To this end,we put forward the following countermeasures,i.e. formulating regulations and standards system for sewage outlet supervision and management,strengthening monitoring and inspection,promoting the establishment of standardization,strengthening monitoring and controlling,enhancing statistical analysis and information construction,improving management level and strengthening supervision,law enforcement and performance evaluation. The research results are significant to implementing the strictest water resources management system,supporting the vision of Yangtze River Economic Belt Green Development,protecting the Yangtze River,and helping promote the construction of a profound long-term mechanism for effectively supervising and managing the sewage outlets in the Yangtze River basin.
Reinforcing the supervision and management of sewage outlets is an important means for water resources management and water environment protection,and it is also a critical measure for preventing water pollution. By reviewing and analyzing the condition of supervision and management of sewage outlets in Yangtze River basin,we found out that the following problems stand out,the cohesive mechanism is not clearly defined,the licensing process is lack of standardization,the layout of outlets are inappropriate,and capacity building is insufficient. To this end,we put forward the following countermeasures,i.e. formulating regulations and standards system for sewage outlet supervision and management,strengthening monitoring and inspection,promoting the establishment of standardization,strengthening monitoring and controlling,enhancing statistical analysis and information construction,improving management level and strengthening supervision,law enforcement and performance evaluation. The research results are significant to implementing the strictest water resources management system,supporting the vision of Yangtze River Economic Belt Green Development,protecting the Yangtze River,and helping promote the construction of a profound long-term mechanism for effectively supervising and managing the sewage outlets in the Yangtze River basin.
引文
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[18] 邱光胜,王波,黄俊.新形势下做好长江入河排污口管理的思考[J].人民长江,2017,48(11):11-15.
[19] 涂建峰,王孟,肖文文,等.长江流域入河排污口管理实践与探讨[J].人民长江,2016,47(15):5-8.
[20] 孔力,郭鹏,江大水.长江流域入河排污口监督管理问题的探讨[J].人民长江,2003,34(5):25-27,53.
[21] 王振华,汤显强,李青云,等.长江经济带河长制推行进展及思考[J].水利发展研究,2018,18(11):1-4.
[22] 付琳,肖雪,李蓉.《长江保护法》的立法选择及其制度设计[J].人民长江,2018,49(18):1-5.
[2] 长江流域水资源保护局.水利部关于进一步加强入河排污口监督管理工作的通知[EB/OL].http://www.ywrp.gov.cn/flbz/4894.html,2017-03-29.
[3] 长江水利委员会.长江流域综合规划(2012～2030年)[R].武汉:长江水利委员会,2012.
[4] 鄂竟平.形成人与自然和谐发展的河湖生态新格局[J].中国水利,2018(16):1-3.
[5] 王方清,涂建峰,吴国平.工业园区入河排污口监督管理实践与探讨[J].中国水利,2014(20):11-13,17.
[6] 长江水利委员会.长江流域(片)水资源保护规划(2016-2030年)(送审稿)[R].武汉:长江水利委员会,2017.
[7] 马建华.以习近平生态文明思想为指引全面推进长江流域水生态文明建设[J].人民长江,2018,49(12):1-6,29.
[8] 长江流域水资源保护局.长江水资源保护40年[M].武汉:长江出版社,2017.
[9] 韩小波,辛小康,朱惇.入河排污口管理办法实施效果及相关问题探讨[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(S2):428-431,460.
[10] 王一文,钟玉秀,王贵作,等.关于构建长江入河排污口管理长效机制的建议[J].水利发展研究,2018,18(6):36-39,56.
[11] 杜群,杜寅.水保护法律体系的冲突与协调:以入河排污口监督管理为切入点[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,69(1):122-129.
[12] 刘洪先.关于加强入河排污口监督管理的思考与建议[J].水利发展研究,2017,17(11):18-20,38.
[13] 王孟,刘兆孝,邱凉,等.地方水资源保护立法理论与实践[M].武汉:长江出版社,2017.
[14] 钟玉秀,张海涛,王亦宁.实施长江大保护必须提升长江入河排污口监管水平:关于进一步加强长江入河排污口监督管理的建议[J].水利发展研究,2017,17(8):21-24,66.
[15] 王孟,叶闽,杨芳.对长江流域入河排污口设置论证的思考[J].人民长江,2011,42(2):21-23,31.
[16] 王孟,刘扬扬,李斐.长江经济带水资源保护带建设规划体系研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(20):1-7.
[17] 吴国平.入河排污口管理有关问题探讨[J].人民长江,2008,39(23):14-16.
[18] 邱光胜,王波,黄俊.新形势下做好长江入河排污口管理的思考[J].人民长江,2017,48(11):11-15.
[19] 涂建峰,王孟,肖文文,等.长江流域入河排污口管理实践与探讨[J].人民长江,2016,47(15):5-8.
[20] 孔力,郭鹏,江大水.长江流域入河排污口监督管理问题的探讨[J].人民长江,2003,34(5):25-27,53.
[21] 王振华,汤显强,李青云,等.长江经济带河长制推行进展及思考[J].水利发展研究,2018,18(11):1-4.
[22] 付琳,肖雪,李蓉.《长江保护法》的立法选择及其制度设计[J].人民长江,2018,49(18):1-5.