超声波辐照污泥比例对短程硝化的影响
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摘要
对短程硝化污泥施以不同辐照比例(0、40%、60%、100%)的超声波处理,通过调节曝气量研究辐照污泥比例对短程硝化的影响。在1. 6 L/min曝气量的冲击下,即使加入超声波辐照也不能阻止短程硝化被破坏。将曝气量降至0. 8 L/min后超声波辐照组均能在5 d内快速恢复短程硝化。之后提高曝气量至1. 2 L/min进行冲击,仅辐照污泥比例为60%和100%时能维持短程硝化。在这2个阶段,辐照比例为100%的NO_2~- -N积累率在各组反应器中保持最高,分别维持在(81. 4±2. 0)%和(72. 4±3. 3)%。随着辐照比例的增加,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性降低而氨氧化菌(AOB)活性变化不明显,同时扫描电镜观察发现,污泥中螺旋菌比例减少,而球菌和短杆菌比例增加。
The partial nitrification sludge was irradiated by ultrasound,and the effect of irradiated sludge ratio (0,40%,60% and 100%) on partial nitrification was studied by adjusting the aeration amount. The results showed that under the impact of aeration amount of 1. 6 L/min,even if ultrasonic irradiation was added,the destruction of partial nitrification could not be prevented. After the aeration amount was reduced to 0. 8 L/min, the ultrasonic irradiation group could quickly recover partial nitrification within 5 days. After increasing the aeration amount to 1. 2 L/min for impact,partial nitrification could be maintained only when the irradiated sludge ratio was 60% and 100%. In these two stages,the NO_2~- -N accumulation rate with 100% irradiation ratio was the highest in each reactor,which was (81. 4 ± 2. 0) % and (72. 4 ± 3. 3) %,respectively. With the increase of the irradiation ratio,the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) decreased and that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) did not change significantly,and scanning electron microscopy showed that the Spirulina decreased,while the ratio of coccus and bacillus increased.
The partial nitrification sludge was irradiated by ultrasound,and the effect of irradiated sludge ratio (0,40%,60% and 100%) on partial nitrification was studied by adjusting the aeration amount. The results showed that under the impact of aeration amount of 1. 6 L/min,even if ultrasonic irradiation was added,the destruction of partial nitrification could not be prevented. After the aeration amount was reduced to 0. 8 L/min, the ultrasonic irradiation group could quickly recover partial nitrification within 5 days. After increasing the aeration amount to 1. 2 L/min for impact,partial nitrification could be maintained only when the irradiated sludge ratio was 60% and 100%. In these two stages,the NO_2~- -N accumulation rate with 100% irradiation ratio was the highest in each reactor,which was (81. 4 ± 2. 0) % and (72. 4 ± 3. 3) %,respectively. With the increase of the irradiation ratio,the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) decreased and that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) did not change significantly,and scanning electron microscopy showed that the Spirulina decreased,while the ratio of coccus and bacillus increased.
引文
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[19]Gu S,Wang S,Yang Q,et al.Start up partial nitrification at low temperature with a real-time control strategy based on blower frequency and p H[J].Bioresour Technol,2012,112(3):34-41.
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[21]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等.SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403-409.Gao Chundi,Wang Weixiao,Li Hao,et al.Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403-409(in Chinese).
[22]郭海娟,马放,沈耀良.DO和p H值在短程硝化中的作用[J].环境工程学报,2006,7(1):37-40.Guo Haijuan,Ma Fang,Shen Yaoliang.Effects of DOand p H on nitrosofication[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2006,7(1):37-40(in Chinese).
[23]吴煌州,邱凌峰,陈益明,等.不同曝气量对短程硝化特性的影响[J].福州大学学报,2014,42(1):161-166.Wu Huangzhou,Qiu Lingfeng,Chen Yiming,et al.Effect of aeration flow on the performance of partial nitrification in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Journal of Fuzhou University,2014,42(1):161-166(in Chinese).
[24]蒋轶锋,陈浚,王宝贞,等.间歇曝气对硝化菌生长动力学影响及NO-2积累机制[J].环境科学,2009,30(1):85-90.Jiang Yifeng,Chen Jun,Wang Baozhen,et al.Effect of intermittent aeration on growth kinetics of nitrifiers and mechanism for NO-2accumulation[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(1):85-90(in Chinese).
[25]谢倍珍,刘红,闫怡新,等.低强度超声波强化污水生物处理理论和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.Xie Beizhen,Liu Hong,Yan Yixin,et al.Low-energy Ultrasound Enhanced Biological Technology and Mechanism for Wastewater Treatment[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013(in Chinese).
[26]白璐,王淑莹,高守有.低曝气量与实时控制下的常温短程硝化研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(9):30-33.Bai Lu,Wang Shuying,Gao Shouyou.Shortcut nitrification at ambient temperature with low aeration rate and real-time control[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(9):30-33(in Chinese).
[27]丁文川,吴丹,曾晓岚,等.不同曝气量对SBBR短程硝化微生物特性及氮转化的影响[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(9):2112-2118.Ding Wenchuan,Wu Dan,Zeng Xiaolan,et al.Effect of aeration flow on microbial characteristics and nitrogen transformation of shortcut nitrification processing in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(9):2112-2118(in Chinese).
[28]王佳琪,朱易春,李齐佳.低强度超声在低C/N污水处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2017,37(5):63-67.Wang Jiaqi,Zhu Yichun,Li Qijia.Application of lowintensity ultrasound to the treatment of low C/N sewage[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2017,37(5):63-67(in Chinese).
[29]张瑞娜.低强度超声波强化SBR处理含氮污水的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.Zhang Ruina.Study on Nitrogen Removal from Nitrogenous Wastewater Using Sequencing Batch Reactor Enhanced by Low Intensity Ultrasound[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011(in Chinese).
[30]赵青,卞伟,李军,等.DO/NH+4-N实现短程硝化过程中生物膜特性[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1-9.Zhao Qing,Bian Wei,Li Jun,et al.Characteristics of biofilm during the transition process of complete nitrification and partial nitrification[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1-9(in Chinese).
[31]刘志培,刘双江.硝化作用微生物的分子生物学研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(4):521-525.Liu Zhipei,Liu Shuangjiang.Advances in the molecular biology of nitrifying microorganisms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2004,10(4):521-525(in Chinese).
[2]袁林江,彭党聪,王志盈.短程硝化-反硝化生物脱氮[J].中国给水排水,2000,16(2):29-31.Yuan Linjiang,Peng Dangcong,Wang Zhiying.Shortcut nitrificatio-denitrification[J].China Water&Wastewater,2000,16(2):29-31(in Chinese).
[3]张功良,李冬,张肖静,等.低温低氨氮SBR短程硝化稳定性试验研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(3):610-616.Zhang Gongliang,Li Dong,Zhang Xiaojing,et al.Stability for shortcut nitrification in SBR under low ammonia at low temperature[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(3):610-616(in Chinese).
[4]罗远玲,杨朝晖,徐峥勇,等.亚硝化颗粒污泥对温度变化的响应特性研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(2):511-517.Luo Yuanling,Yang Zhaohui,Xu Zhengyong,et al.Effect of temperature on the response characteristics of shortcut nitrification granular sludge[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(2):511-517(in Chinese).
[5]Ma Y,Peng Y,Wang S,et al.Achieving nitrogen removal via nitrite in a pilot-scale continuous pre-denitrification plant[J].Water Res,2009,43(3):563-572.
[6]Zhou X,Liu X,Huang S,et al.Total inorganic nitrogen removal during the partial/complete nitrification for treating domestic wastewater:Removal pathways and main influencing factors[J].Bioresour Technol,2018,256(11):285-294.
[7]于德爽,殷金兰,王晓霞,等.控制DO及FA条件下短程硝化过程系统稳定性研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(12):2677-2680.Yu Deshuang,Yin Jinlan,Wang Xiaoxia,et al.Study on stability of shortcut nitrification by controlling DO and FA[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(12):2677-2680(in Chinese).
[8]Yang S,Yang F.Nitrogen removal via short-cut simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an intermittently aerated moving bed membrane bioreactor[J].J Hazard Mater,2011,195(1):318-323.
[9]Zheng M,Liu Y C,Xu K N,et al.Use of low frequency and density ultrasound to stimulate partial nitrification and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification[J].Bioresour Technol,2013,146:537-542.
[10]Zheng M,Liu Y C,Xin J,et al.Ultrasonic treatment enhanced ammonia-oxidizing bacterial(AOB)activity for nitritation process[J].Environ Sci Technol,2015,50(2):864-871.
[11]闫怡新,刘红.低强度超声波强化污水生物处理中超声辐照污泥比例的优化选择[J].环境科学,2006,27(5):903-908.Yan Yixin,Liu Hong.Optimization of the proportion of irradiated sludge for enhancement of sludge activity in biological treatment of wastewater by low intensity ultrasound[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(5):903-908(in Chinese).
[12]朱易春,王佳琪,章璋,等.超声波参数对短程硝化的影响[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(5):26-31.Zhu Yichun,Wang Jiaqi,Zhang Zhang,et al.Effect of ultrasound parameters on partial nitrification[J].China Water&Wastewater,2018,34(5):26-31(in Chinese).
[13]Zhang R,Jin R,Liu G,et al.Study on nitrogen removal performance of sequencing batch reactor enhanced by low intensity ultrasound[J].Bioresour Technol,2011,102(10):5717-5721.
[14]高大文,彭永臻,王淑莹.交替好氧/缺氧短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮Ⅰ.方法实现与控制[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):761-768.Gao Dawen,Peng Yongzhen,Wang Shuying.Alternating oxic-anoxic shortcut nitrification-denitrificationⅠ.Realization and control[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2004,24(5):761-768(in Chinese).
[15]高大文,彭永臻,王淑莹.交替好氧/缺氧短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮Ⅱ.过程控制模式的确定[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):769-775.Gao Dawen,Peng Yongzhen,Wang Shuying.Alternating oxic-anoxic shortcut nitrification-denitrificationⅡ.Study on control mode[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2004,24(5):769-775(in Chinese).
[16]Mogens H,van Loosdrecht M C M,Ekama G A,等.污水生物处理:原理、设计与模拟[M].施汉昌,胡志荣,周军,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.Mogens H,van Loosdrecht M C M,Ekama G A,et al.Biological Wastewater Treatment:Principle,Design and Simulation[M].Shi Hanchang,Hu Zhirong,Zhou Jun,et al,translated.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2011(in Chinese).
[17]刘宏,彭永臻,牛立飞,等.交替缺氧/好氧法短程硝化及AOB和NOB活性特征[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(7):23-27.Liu Hong,Peng Yongzhen,Niu Lifei,et al.Shortcut nitrification and characteristic of AOB and NOB under alternating anoxic/aerobic mode[J].China Water&Wastewater,2017,33(7):23-27(in Chinese).
[18]Wei D,Du B,Xue X,et al.Analysis of factors affecting the performance of partial nitrification in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2014,98(4):1863-1870.
[19]Gu S,Wang S,Yang Q,et al.Start up partial nitrification at low temperature with a real-time control strategy based on blower frequency and p H[J].Bioresour Technol,2012,112(3):34-41.
[20]史舟,张轶,雷中方,等.DO和进水p H值对短程硝化及半亚硝化出水水质的影响[J].复旦学报:自然科学版,2012,51(3):349-356.Shi Zhou,Zhang Yi,Lei Zhongfang,et al.Effects of DOand influent p H on shortcut nitrification and partial nitritation effluent quality[J].Journal of Fudan University:Natural Science,2012,51(3):349-356(in Chinese).
[21]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等.SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403-409.Gao Chundi,Wang Weixiao,Li Hao,et al.Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403-409(in Chinese).
[22]郭海娟,马放,沈耀良.DO和p H值在短程硝化中的作用[J].环境工程学报,2006,7(1):37-40.Guo Haijuan,Ma Fang,Shen Yaoliang.Effects of DOand p H on nitrosofication[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2006,7(1):37-40(in Chinese).
[23]吴煌州,邱凌峰,陈益明,等.不同曝气量对短程硝化特性的影响[J].福州大学学报,2014,42(1):161-166.Wu Huangzhou,Qiu Lingfeng,Chen Yiming,et al.Effect of aeration flow on the performance of partial nitrification in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Journal of Fuzhou University,2014,42(1):161-166(in Chinese).
[24]蒋轶锋,陈浚,王宝贞,等.间歇曝气对硝化菌生长动力学影响及NO-2积累机制[J].环境科学,2009,30(1):85-90.Jiang Yifeng,Chen Jun,Wang Baozhen,et al.Effect of intermittent aeration on growth kinetics of nitrifiers and mechanism for NO-2accumulation[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(1):85-90(in Chinese).
[25]谢倍珍,刘红,闫怡新,等.低强度超声波强化污水生物处理理论和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.Xie Beizhen,Liu Hong,Yan Yixin,et al.Low-energy Ultrasound Enhanced Biological Technology and Mechanism for Wastewater Treatment[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013(in Chinese).
[26]白璐,王淑莹,高守有.低曝气量与实时控制下的常温短程硝化研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(9):30-33.Bai Lu,Wang Shuying,Gao Shouyou.Shortcut nitrification at ambient temperature with low aeration rate and real-time control[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(9):30-33(in Chinese).
[27]丁文川,吴丹,曾晓岚,等.不同曝气量对SBBR短程硝化微生物特性及氮转化的影响[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(9):2112-2118.Ding Wenchuan,Wu Dan,Zeng Xiaolan,et al.Effect of aeration flow on microbial characteristics and nitrogen transformation of shortcut nitrification processing in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(9):2112-2118(in Chinese).
[28]王佳琪,朱易春,李齐佳.低强度超声在低C/N污水处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2017,37(5):63-67.Wang Jiaqi,Zhu Yichun,Li Qijia.Application of lowintensity ultrasound to the treatment of low C/N sewage[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2017,37(5):63-67(in Chinese).
[29]张瑞娜.低强度超声波强化SBR处理含氮污水的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.Zhang Ruina.Study on Nitrogen Removal from Nitrogenous Wastewater Using Sequencing Batch Reactor Enhanced by Low Intensity Ultrasound[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011(in Chinese).
[30]赵青,卞伟,李军,等.DO/NH+4-N实现短程硝化过程中生物膜特性[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1-9.Zhao Qing,Bian Wei,Li Jun,et al.Characteristics of biofilm during the transition process of complete nitrification and partial nitrification[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1-9(in Chinese).
[31]刘志培,刘双江.硝化作用微生物的分子生物学研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(4):521-525.Liu Zhipei,Liu Shuangjiang.Advances in the molecular biology of nitrifying microorganisms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2004,10(4):521-525(in Chinese).