基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的崩岗动态变化监测
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摘要
利用无人机倾斜摄影技术,对德庆县马圩镇典型崩岗区域进行2016和2017年连续2年的动态监测,结合ArcGIS软件对数据进行处理分析,分析了崩岗在空间上的变化特征。结果表明:1)研究区域2017年崩岗总面积比2016年增加16401.2m2,变化率为10.21%,说明研究区的崩岗仍处于发育状态;2)研究区西南偏南方向的崩岗面积减少最明显,总体侵蚀最严重的坡向集中在南向;3)崩岗侵蚀最为强烈的部位发生在海拔高程51～60 m和81～90 m处,整体侵蚀呈现出中下部位大于上部位的现象;4)研究区崩岗近2年的年侵蚀体积量为1 172.68×10~3m~3。无人机航测数据的质量能够满足无人机摄影测量的规范要求,与传统调查方法相比时效性更高、更方便和成本更低。
Oblique photograph technique can realize the modeling and texture acquisition of the top and side facades of the object simultaneously,and can generate a three-dimensional model more accurately than traditional orthophoto photography.Using the UAV oblique photograph technology,the previous,rear,left,right,and positive five flight routes were dynamically monitored in 13 sub-cavities in Qianqian Village,Deqing County,from 2016 to 2017.A total of 6 189 photographs were collected.Using Pix4 Dmapper software for air triangulation,orthophoto images and DEM data were generated.TerraSolid software was used for filtering and classification of point cloud data to reduce the impact of vegetation on DEM accuracy.Using ArcGIS software for spatial analysis,quantitative parameters of the slope including slope direction,and different elevations of the collapse,were evaluated in order to determine the distribution of the collapse in time and space.The results show that:1)Compared with 2016,the total area of collapse erosion in 2017 increased by 16 401.2 m,with a change rate of 10.21%.This indicates that the collapse in the study area are still developing.2)In the area with slope less than 40 degrees,the area of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016,and the area of collapse in the range of0-10 degrees increases the most.The area with the slope of 41 degrees to 80 degrees is just the opposite.3)the area of collapse is the largest in SE-SW,and the slope of the collapse area in 2016-2017 is primarily located in S-SW,of which the slope area facing SSW is the most obvious,accounting for 21.98 % of the total reduction of the area of collapse.The slope with the most serious overall erosion was concentrated in the south;4)the most strongly eroded parts are found at elevations of 51-60 m and 81-90 m;the reason for this is that the slope of this section is below 60°,indicating a strong runoff erosion ability Moreover,the slope is long and high,and is prone to collapse.At the elevation of 41-50 m,the volume of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016,results from an increase in the thickness of the accumulation area;5)The annual erosion volume amount of landslide material in the study area is 1 172.68×10~3 m~3 for the two years studied.The quality of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)measurement data can meet the specification requirements of UAV photogrammetry.It can be seen that the UAV oblique photograph technology is more accurate.,more convenient,and less expensive than the traditional investigation methods.It can be applied to a wide range of erosion monitoring studies,and has broad application prospects in geological surveys and soil and water conservation planning.
Oblique photograph technique can realize the modeling and texture acquisition of the top and side facades of the object simultaneously,and can generate a three-dimensional model more accurately than traditional orthophoto photography.Using the UAV oblique photograph technology,the previous,rear,left,right,and positive five flight routes were dynamically monitored in 13 sub-cavities in Qianqian Village,Deqing County,from 2016 to 2017.A total of 6 189 photographs were collected.Using Pix4 Dmapper software for air triangulation,orthophoto images and DEM data were generated.TerraSolid software was used for filtering and classification of point cloud data to reduce the impact of vegetation on DEM accuracy.Using ArcGIS software for spatial analysis,quantitative parameters of the slope including slope direction,and different elevations of the collapse,were evaluated in order to determine the distribution of the collapse in time and space.The results show that:1)Compared with 2016,the total area of collapse erosion in 2017 increased by 16 401.2 m,with a change rate of 10.21%.This indicates that the collapse in the study area are still developing.2)In the area with slope less than 40 degrees,the area of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016,and the area of collapse in the range of0-10 degrees increases the most.The area with the slope of 41 degrees to 80 degrees is just the opposite.3)the area of collapse is the largest in SE-SW,and the slope of the collapse area in 2016-2017 is primarily located in S-SW,of which the slope area facing SSW is the most obvious,accounting for 21.98 % of the total reduction of the area of collapse.The slope with the most serious overall erosion was concentrated in the south;4)the most strongly eroded parts are found at elevations of 51-60 m and 81-90 m;the reason for this is that the slope of this section is below 60°,indicating a strong runoff erosion ability Moreover,the slope is long and high,and is prone to collapse.At the elevation of 41-50 m,the volume of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016,results from an increase in the thickness of the accumulation area;5)The annual erosion volume amount of landslide material in the study area is 1 172.68×10~3 m~3 for the two years studied.The quality of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)measurement data can meet the specification requirements of UAV photogrammetry.It can be seen that the UAV oblique photograph technology is more accurate.,more convenient,and less expensive than the traditional investigation methods.It can be applied to a wide range of erosion monitoring studies,and has broad application prospects in geological surveys and soil and water conservation planning.
引文
Bertramt Bock T,Bulgakov A and Evgenov A.2014.Generation the 3D Model Building by Using the Quadcopter.Sydney Australia:Proceedings of the 31st International Symposium on Auto-mation and Obotics in Construction and Mining,778-783.
白桦,孔王莺.2017.倾斜摄影技术在配电网优化设计中的应用研究.浙江电力,36(11):30-33.[Bai Hua and Kong Wangying.2017.Research on the Application of Oblique Photography in the Optimization Design of Distribution Networks.Zhejiang Electric Power,36(11):30-33.]
陈晓安,杨洁,肖胜生,宋月君,郑海金,沈乐.2013.崩岗侵蚀分布特征及其成因.山地学报,31(6):716-722.[Chen Xiao'an,Yang Jie,Xiao Shengsheng,Song Yuejun,Zheng Haijing and Shen Le.2013.Distribution Characteristics and Causes of Collapse Erosion.Journal of Mountain Science,31(6):716-722.]
杜贇,李双喜,丁树文,何溢钧,邓羽松.2015.基于CORS-RTK结合GIS的鄂东南崩岗侵蚀监测.人民长江,(12):87-90.[Du Yun,Li Shuangxi,He Yijun and Deng Yusong.2015.Study of CORS-RTK Combined with GIS in Collapsing Gully Monitoring of Southeast Hubei Province.Yangtze River,(12):87-90.]
李双喜,桂惠中,丁树文.2013.中国南方崩岗空间分布特征.华中农业大学学报,32(1):83-86.[Li Shuangxi,Gui Huizhong and DingShuwen.2013.Features of Special Layout of Hill Collapse in South China.Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,32(1):83-86.]
梁钊雄,周红艺,吴国威,马俊文.2018.基于无人机影像的崩岗空间分布特征研究.江苏农业科学,46(4):220-224.[Liang Zhaoxiong,Zhou Hongyi,Wu Guowei and Ma Junwen.2018.Study on Spatial Distribution of Collapse Base on UAV Images.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,46(4):220-224.]
林敬兰,黄炎和,林金石,蒋芳市.2014.福建省崩岗侵蚀的地质地貌背景分析.亚热带水土保持,(4):1-5.[Lin Jinglan,Huang Yanhe,Lin Jinshi and Jiang Fangshi.2014.Background Analysis on the Geology and Land Form of Collapse Erosion in Fujian Province.Subtropical Soil&Water Conservation,(4):1-5.]
刘希林.2018.全球视野下崩岗侵蚀地貌及其研究进展.地理科学进展,37(3):342-351.[Liu Xilin.2018.Benggang Erosion Landform and Research Progress in A Global Perspective.Progress in Geography,37(3):342-351.]
邱锦安,刘希林.2017.基于知识图谱的中国崩岗研究现状及综合分析.中国水土保持科学,15(3):139-148.[Qiu Jin'an and Liu Xiling.2017.Status and Comprehensive Analysis of Benggang Research in China Based on Knowledge Maps.Science of Soil&Water Conservation,15(3):139-148.]
Raveloson A,Visnovitz F,Szekely B,Molnar G and Udvardi B.2012.A Multidisciplinary Study on Lavaka(Gully Erosion)Formation in Central Highlands,Madagascar.Geophysical Research Abstracts,14:EGU 2012-12483-1.
沈盛或,赵元凌,程冬兵,张平仓.2018.基于无人机遥感技术的崩岗快速调查方法.长江科学院院报,35(4):43-47.[Shen Shengyu,Zhao Yuanlin,Cheng Dongbin and Zhang Pingcang.2018.An Efficient Method of Investigating Slope Collapse by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,35(4):43-47.]
Xie F,Lin Z,Gui D and Lin H.2012.Study on Construction of 3D Building Based on UAV Images.Vienna,Austria:International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,Volume XXXIX-B1,2012 XXII ISPRS Congress,:469-473.
杨国东,王民水.2016.倾斜摄影测量技术应用及展望.测绘与空间地理信息,39(1):13-15.[Yang Guodong and Wang Minshui.2016.The Tilt Photographic Measuration Technique and Expectation.Geomatics&Spatial In.formation Technology,39(1):13-15.]
张大林,刘希林.2014.应用三维激光扫描监测崩岗侵蚀地貌变化——以广东五华县莲塘岗崩岗为例.热带地理,34(2):133-140.[Zhang Dalin and Liu Xilin.2014.Application of 3D Laser Scanning to Monitoring the Landform Changes of Collapsing Hill and Gully:A Case Study of Liantanggang Collapsing Hill and Gully in the Wuhua County of Guangdong.Tropical Geography,34(2):133-140.]
周红艺,李辉霞,2017.华南活动型崩岗崩壁土体的崩解特性及其影响因素.水土保持学报,(1):77-82.[Zhou Hongyi and Li Huixia.2017.The Study on Soil Disintegration Characteristics and Its Influence Factors of Collapsing Wall in the Collapsing Hill Erosion Region of Southern China.Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,(1):77-82.]
周晓敏,孟晓林,张雪萍.2016.倾斜摄影测量的城市真三维模型构建方法.测绘科学,41(9):159-163.[Zhou Xiaomin,Meng Xiaolin and Zhang Xueping.2016.A Method for Urban Real 3D Model Building Based on Oblique Photogrammetry.Science of Surveying andMapping,41(9):159-163.]
朱国强,刘勇,程鹏正.2016.无人机倾斜摄影技术支持下的三维精细模型制作.测绘通报,(9):151-152.[Zhu Guoqiang,Liu Yong and Cheng Pengzheng.2016.Three Dimensional Fine Model Making Supported By UAV Tilt Photography Technology.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,(9):151-152.]
白桦,孔王莺.2017.倾斜摄影技术在配电网优化设计中的应用研究.浙江电力,36(11):30-33.[Bai Hua and Kong Wangying.2017.Research on the Application of Oblique Photography in the Optimization Design of Distribution Networks.Zhejiang Electric Power,36(11):30-33.]
陈晓安,杨洁,肖胜生,宋月君,郑海金,沈乐.2013.崩岗侵蚀分布特征及其成因.山地学报,31(6):716-722.[Chen Xiao'an,Yang Jie,Xiao Shengsheng,Song Yuejun,Zheng Haijing and Shen Le.2013.Distribution Characteristics and Causes of Collapse Erosion.Journal of Mountain Science,31(6):716-722.]
杜贇,李双喜,丁树文,何溢钧,邓羽松.2015.基于CORS-RTK结合GIS的鄂东南崩岗侵蚀监测.人民长江,(12):87-90.[Du Yun,Li Shuangxi,He Yijun and Deng Yusong.2015.Study of CORS-RTK Combined with GIS in Collapsing Gully Monitoring of Southeast Hubei Province.Yangtze River,(12):87-90.]
李双喜,桂惠中,丁树文.2013.中国南方崩岗空间分布特征.华中农业大学学报,32(1):83-86.[Li Shuangxi,Gui Huizhong and DingShuwen.2013.Features of Special Layout of Hill Collapse in South China.Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,32(1):83-86.]
梁钊雄,周红艺,吴国威,马俊文.2018.基于无人机影像的崩岗空间分布特征研究.江苏农业科学,46(4):220-224.[Liang Zhaoxiong,Zhou Hongyi,Wu Guowei and Ma Junwen.2018.Study on Spatial Distribution of Collapse Base on UAV Images.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,46(4):220-224.]
林敬兰,黄炎和,林金石,蒋芳市.2014.福建省崩岗侵蚀的地质地貌背景分析.亚热带水土保持,(4):1-5.[Lin Jinglan,Huang Yanhe,Lin Jinshi and Jiang Fangshi.2014.Background Analysis on the Geology and Land Form of Collapse Erosion in Fujian Province.Subtropical Soil&Water Conservation,(4):1-5.]
刘希林.2018.全球视野下崩岗侵蚀地貌及其研究进展.地理科学进展,37(3):342-351.[Liu Xilin.2018.Benggang Erosion Landform and Research Progress in A Global Perspective.Progress in Geography,37(3):342-351.]
邱锦安,刘希林.2017.基于知识图谱的中国崩岗研究现状及综合分析.中国水土保持科学,15(3):139-148.[Qiu Jin'an and Liu Xiling.2017.Status and Comprehensive Analysis of Benggang Research in China Based on Knowledge Maps.Science of Soil&Water Conservation,15(3):139-148.]
Raveloson A,Visnovitz F,Szekely B,Molnar G and Udvardi B.2012.A Multidisciplinary Study on Lavaka(Gully Erosion)Formation in Central Highlands,Madagascar.Geophysical Research Abstracts,14:EGU 2012-12483-1.
沈盛或,赵元凌,程冬兵,张平仓.2018.基于无人机遥感技术的崩岗快速调查方法.长江科学院院报,35(4):43-47.[Shen Shengyu,Zhao Yuanlin,Cheng Dongbin and Zhang Pingcang.2018.An Efficient Method of Investigating Slope Collapse by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,35(4):43-47.]
Xie F,Lin Z,Gui D and Lin H.2012.Study on Construction of 3D Building Based on UAV Images.Vienna,Austria:International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,Volume XXXIX-B1,2012 XXII ISPRS Congress,:469-473.
杨国东,王民水.2016.倾斜摄影测量技术应用及展望.测绘与空间地理信息,39(1):13-15.[Yang Guodong and Wang Minshui.2016.The Tilt Photographic Measuration Technique and Expectation.Geomatics&Spatial In.formation Technology,39(1):13-15.]
张大林,刘希林.2014.应用三维激光扫描监测崩岗侵蚀地貌变化——以广东五华县莲塘岗崩岗为例.热带地理,34(2):133-140.[Zhang Dalin and Liu Xilin.2014.Application of 3D Laser Scanning to Monitoring the Landform Changes of Collapsing Hill and Gully:A Case Study of Liantanggang Collapsing Hill and Gully in the Wuhua County of Guangdong.Tropical Geography,34(2):133-140.]
周红艺,李辉霞,2017.华南活动型崩岗崩壁土体的崩解特性及其影响因素.水土保持学报,(1):77-82.[Zhou Hongyi and Li Huixia.2017.The Study on Soil Disintegration Characteristics and Its Influence Factors of Collapsing Wall in the Collapsing Hill Erosion Region of Southern China.Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,(1):77-82.]
周晓敏,孟晓林,张雪萍.2016.倾斜摄影测量的城市真三维模型构建方法.测绘科学,41(9):159-163.[Zhou Xiaomin,Meng Xiaolin and Zhang Xueping.2016.A Method for Urban Real 3D Model Building Based on Oblique Photogrammetry.Science of Surveying andMapping,41(9):159-163.]
朱国强,刘勇,程鹏正.2016.无人机倾斜摄影技术支持下的三维精细模型制作.测绘通报,(9):151-152.[Zhu Guoqiang,Liu Yong and Cheng Pengzheng.2016.Three Dimensional Fine Model Making Supported By UAV Tilt Photography Technology.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,(9):151-152.]