重金属污染土壤修复技术研究进展
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摘要
指出了重金属污染已经遍及世界各国,尤其是像中国这样的发展中国家更为严重。由于不同的重金属在土壤中有着不同的存在形式,因此给重金属污染土壤的修复造成极大的困难。从物理化学修复、植物修复、工程技术、农业生态修复等方面,对国内外重金属污染修复技术进行了综述。以期为国内重金属污染土壤的修复提供科学依据和技术支持。
Heavy metal pollution has pervaded many parts of the world,especially developing countries such as China.Because the different heavy metals existed in the soil with different forms,it caused great difficulty in the remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals.This paper discussed domestic and overseas remediation technologies,including physical remediation,chemical remediation,plant phytoremediation,engineering technology and agroecological remediation in order to supply scientific basis and technical assistance in domestic remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals.
Heavy metal pollution has pervaded many parts of the world,especially developing countries such as China.Because the different heavy metals existed in the soil with different forms,it caused great difficulty in the remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals.This paper discussed domestic and overseas remediation technologies,including physical remediation,chemical remediation,plant phytoremediation,engineering technology and agroecological remediation in order to supply scientific basis and technical assistance in domestic remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals.
引文
[1]李俊.土壤重金属污染治理的修复方法探析[J].绿色科技,2018(24).
[2]Singh O V,Labana S,Pandey G,et al.Phytoremediation:an overview of metallic ion decontamination from soil[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2003,61(5-6):405~412.
[3]Fulekar M H,Singh A,Bhaduri A M.Genetic engineering strategies for enhancing phytoremediation of heavy metals[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2009,8(4):529-535.
[4]Mehmood T,Chaudhry M M,Tufail M,et al.Heavy metal pollution from phosphate rock used for the production of fertilizer in Pakistan[J].Microchemical Journal,2009,91(1):94~99.
[5]Wuana R A,Okieimen F E.Heavy metals in contaminated soils:a review of sources,chemistry,risks and best available strategies for remediation[J].ISRN Ecology,2011(8):1~20.
[6]Oh K,Cao T,Li T,et al.Study on Application of Phytoremediation Technology in Management and Remediation of Contaminated Soils[J].Journal of Clean Energy Technologies,2014,2(3):216~220.
[7]Olatunji O S,Ximba B J,Fatoki O S,et al.Assessment of the phytoremediation potential of Panicum maximum(guinea grass)for selected heavy metal removal from contaminated soils[J].Planta,2014,13(19):1979~1984.
[8]Khan M A,Ahmad I,Rahman I U.Effect of environmental pollution on heavy metals content of Withania somnifera[J].Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society,2007,54(2):339~343.
[9]Rodrigues S M,Henriques B,Reis A T,et al.Hg transfer from contaminated soils to plants and animals[J].Environmental Chemistry Letters,2012,10(1):61~67.
[10]Tariq M,Ali M,Shah Z.Characteristics of industrial effluents and their possible impacts on quality of underground water[J].Soil Environ,2006,25(1):64~69.
[11]Cempel M,Nikel G.Nickel:A Review of Its Sources and Environmental Toxicology[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2006,15(3):375-382
[12]G9hre V,Paszkowski U.Contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to heavy metal phytoremediation[J].Planta,2006,223(6):1115~1122.
[13]Peng K J,Luo C L,Chen Y H,et al.Cadmium and other metal uptake by Lobelia chinensis and Solanum nigrum from contaminated soils[J].Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,2009,83(2):260~264.
[14]Sánchez-Chardi A,Ribeiro C A O,Nadal J.Metals in liver and kidneys and the effects of chronic exposure to pyrite mine pollution in the shrew Crocidura russula inhabiting the protected wetland of Do1ana[J].Chemosphere,2009,76(3):387~394.
[15]Dabonne S,Koffi B P K,Kouadio E J P,et al.Traditional utensils:Potential sources of poisoning by heavy metals[J].Br.J.Pharmacol.Toxicol,2010(2):90~92.
[16]Adriano D C,Wenzel W W,Vangronsveld J,et al.Role of assisted natural remediation in environmental cleanup[J].Geoderma,2004,122(2):121~142.
[17]徐云,鲁旭阳,申旭红.重金属污染对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J].湖北农业科学,2009,47(12):1506~1508.
[18]蒲瑞丰,康尔泗,王轲,等.石羊河流域典型工业区土壤重金属污染状况研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(9):129~133.
[19]Alcántara M T,Gómez J,Pazos M,et al.Electrokinetic remediation of lead and phenanthrene polluted soils[J].Geoderma,2012(173):128~133.
[20]Gholami M,Kebria D Y,Mahmudi M.Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2014,11(5):1433~1438.
[21]Gómez J,Alcántara M T,Pazos M,et al.A two-stage process using electrokinetic remediation and electrochemical degradation for treating benzo[a]pyrene spiked kaolin[J].Chemosphere,2009,74(11):1516~1521.
[22]Udovic M,Lestan D.EDTA and HCl leaching of calcareous and acidic soils polluted with potentially toxic metals:Remediation efficiency and soil impact[J].Chemosphere,2012,88(6):718~724.
[23]Han H,Lee Y J,Kim S H,et al.Electrokinetic remediation of soil contaminated with diesel oil using EDTA-cosolvent solutions[J].Separation Science and Technology,2009,44(10):2437~2454.
[24]Bolan N,Kunhikrishnan A,Thangarajan R,et al.Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils-To mobilize or to immobilize[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2014(266):141~166.
[25]Bian R,Joseph S,Cui L,et al.A three-year experiment confirms continuous immobilization of cadmium and lead in contaminated paddy field with biochar amendment[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2014(272):121~128.
[26]Zhou H,Zhou X,Zeng M,et al.Effects of combined amendments on heavy metal accumulation in rice(Oryza sativaL.)planted on contaminated paddy soil[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014(101):226~232.
[27]Beesley L,Inneh O S,Norton G J,et al.Assessing the influence of compost and biochar amendments on the mobility and toxicity of metals and arsenic in a naturally contaminated mine soil[J].Environmental Pollution,2014(186):195~202.
[28]Lee S H,Ji W H,Lee W S,et al.Influence of amendments and aided phytostabilization on metal availability and mobility in Pb/Zn mine tailings[J].Journal of environmental management,2014(139):15~21.
[29]Asensio V,Vega F A,Singh B R,et al.Effects of tree vegetation and waste amendments on the fractionation of Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in polluted mine soils[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013(443):446~453.
[30]黄凤球,纪雄辉,鲁艳红,等.不同工业废弃物对稻田土壤中镉铅生物有效性及其形态的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(4):1316~1321.
[31]Page K,Harbottle M J,Cleall P J,et al.Heavy metal leaching and environmental risk from the use of compost-like output as an energy crop growth substrate[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014(487):260~271.
[32]Udovic M,Lestan D.EDTA and HCl leaching of calcareous and acidic soils polluted with potentially toxic metals:Remediation efficiency and soil impact[J].Chemosphere,2012,88(6):718~724.
[33]Fedje K K,Yillin L,Str9mvall A M.Remediation of metal polluted hotspot areas through enhanced soil washing-Evaluation of leaching methods[J].Journal of environmental management,2013(128):489~496.
[34]石福贵,郝秀珍,周东美,等.鼠李糖脂与EDDS强化黑麦草修复重金属复合污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(9):1818~1823
[35]Greipsson S.Phytoremediation Nat.Educ[J].Knowl,2011(2):7.
[36]Kalve S,Ketan Sarangi B,Pandey R A,et al.Arsenic and chromium hyperaccumulation by an ecotype of Pteris vittata--prospective for phytoextraction from contaminated water and soil[J].Current Science(00113891),2011,100(6):888~894.
[37]Sarma H.Metal hyperaccumulation in plants:a review focusing on phytoremediation technology[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2011(4):118~138.
[38]Singh A.,Prasad S.M1.Reduction of heavy metal load in food chain:technology assessment[J].Rev.Environ.Sci.Biotechnol,2011(10):199~214.
[39]Vithanage M,Dabrowska B B,Mukherjee B,et al.Arsenic uptake by plants and possible phytoremediation applications:a brief overview[J].Environ.Chem.Lett,2012(10):217~224.
[40]Mili D,Lukovi J,Ninkov J,et al.Heavy metal content in halophytic plants from inland and maritime saline areas[J].Central European Journal of Biology,2012,7(2):307~317.
[41]Li J T,Liao B,Lan C Y,et al.Cadmium Tolerance and Accumulation in Cultivars of a High-Biomass Tropical Tree and Its Potential for Phytoextraction[J].Journal of environmental quality,2010,39(4):1262~1268.
[42]Adesodun J K,Atayese M O,Agbaje T,et al.Phytoremediation potentials of sunflowers(Tithonia diversifolia and Helianthusannuus)for metals in soils contaminated with zinc and lead nitrates[J].Water AirSoil Pollut,2010(207):195~201.
[43]Shabani N,Sayadi M H.Evaluation of heavy metals accumulation by two emergent macrophytes from the polluted soil:an experimental study[J].Environmentalist,2012(32):91~98.
[44]Zhang X,Xia H,Li Z,et al.Identification of a new potential Cd-hyperaccumulatorSolanum photeinocarpum by soil seed bankmetal concentration gradient method[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2011,189(1):414~419.
[45]Yang S X,Deng H,Li M S.Manganese uptake and accumulation in a woody hyperaccumulator,Schima superba[J].Plant Soil Environ,2008,54(10):441~446.
[46]Sakakibara M,Ohmori Y,Ha N T H,et al.Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated water and sediment by Eleocharis acicularis[J].Clean:Soil,Air,Water.2011(39):735~741.
[47]Pomponi M,Censi V,Di Girolamo V,et al.Overexpression of Arabidopsis phytochelatin synthase in tobacco plants enhances Cd2+tolerance and accumulation but not translocation to the shoot[J].Planta,2006,223(2):180~190.
[48]Martínez M,Bernal P,Almela C,et al.An engineered plant that accumulates higher levels of heavy metals thanThlaspi caerulescens,with yields of 100times more biomass in mine soils[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(3):478~485.
[49]Koprivova A,Kopriva S,Jger D,et al.Evaluation of transgenic poplars over-expressing enzymes of glutathione synthesis for phytoremediation of cadmium[J].Plant Biol,2002(4):664~670.
[50]Dhankher O P,Li Y,Rosen B P,et al.Engineering tolerance and hyperaccumulation of arsenic in plants by combining arsenate reductase andγ-glutamylcysteine synthetase expression[J].Nat Biotechnol,2002(20):1140~1145.
[51]LeDuc D L,Tarun A S,Montes-Bayon M,et al.Overexpression of selenocysteine methyltransferase in Arabidopsis and Indian mustard increases selenium tolerance and accumulation[J].Plant physiology,2004,135(1):377~383.
[52]Korenkov V,Hirschi K,Crutchfield J D,et al.Enhancing tonoplast Cd/H antiport activity increases Cd,Zn,and Mn tolerance,and impacts root/shoot Cd partitioningin Nicotiana tabacum L[J].Planta,2007,(226):1379~1387.
[53]Singh S.Phytoremediation:a sustainable alternative for environmentalchallenges[J].Int.J.Gr.Herb.Chem,2012(1):133~139.
[54]Mellado M,Contreras R A,González A,et al.Copper-induced synthesis of ascorbate,glutathione and phytochelatins in the marine alga Ulva compressa(Chlorophyta)[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012(51):102~108.
[55]Wu G,Kang H,Zhang X,et al.A critical review on the bioremoval of hazardous heavy metals from contaminated soils:issues,progress,eco-environmental concerns and opportunities[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,174(1):1~8.
[56]Mukhopadhyay S,Maiti S K.Phytoremediation of metal enriched mine waste:a review[J].Global Journal of Environmental Research,2010,4(3):135~150.
[57]Yadav R,Arora P,Kumar S,et al.Perspectives for genetic engineering of poplars for enhanced phytoremediation abilities[J].Ecotoxicology,2010,19(8):1574~1588.
[58]Naees M,Ali Q,Shahbaz M,et al.Role of rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metals:an overview[J].Int Res J Plant Sci,2011(2):220~232.
[59]Ramamurthy A S,Memarian R.Phytoremediation of mixed soil contaminants[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,2012,223(2):511~518.
[60]甘露,朱玉梅,何麒,等.不同甘蓝型油菜幼苗期对Ag+和Pb2+的耐性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008(2):477~481.
[61]马铁铮,马友华,徐露露,等.农田土壤重金属污染的农业生态修复技术[J].农业资源与环境学报,2013,30(5):39~43.
[62]Ji P,Sun T,Song Y,et al.Strategies for enhancing the phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated agricultural soils by Solanum nigrum L[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(3):762~768.
[2]Singh O V,Labana S,Pandey G,et al.Phytoremediation:an overview of metallic ion decontamination from soil[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2003,61(5-6):405~412.
[3]Fulekar M H,Singh A,Bhaduri A M.Genetic engineering strategies for enhancing phytoremediation of heavy metals[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2009,8(4):529-535.
[4]Mehmood T,Chaudhry M M,Tufail M,et al.Heavy metal pollution from phosphate rock used for the production of fertilizer in Pakistan[J].Microchemical Journal,2009,91(1):94~99.
[5]Wuana R A,Okieimen F E.Heavy metals in contaminated soils:a review of sources,chemistry,risks and best available strategies for remediation[J].ISRN Ecology,2011(8):1~20.
[6]Oh K,Cao T,Li T,et al.Study on Application of Phytoremediation Technology in Management and Remediation of Contaminated Soils[J].Journal of Clean Energy Technologies,2014,2(3):216~220.
[7]Olatunji O S,Ximba B J,Fatoki O S,et al.Assessment of the phytoremediation potential of Panicum maximum(guinea grass)for selected heavy metal removal from contaminated soils[J].Planta,2014,13(19):1979~1984.
[8]Khan M A,Ahmad I,Rahman I U.Effect of environmental pollution on heavy metals content of Withania somnifera[J].Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society,2007,54(2):339~343.
[9]Rodrigues S M,Henriques B,Reis A T,et al.Hg transfer from contaminated soils to plants and animals[J].Environmental Chemistry Letters,2012,10(1):61~67.
[10]Tariq M,Ali M,Shah Z.Characteristics of industrial effluents and their possible impacts on quality of underground water[J].Soil Environ,2006,25(1):64~69.
[11]Cempel M,Nikel G.Nickel:A Review of Its Sources and Environmental Toxicology[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2006,15(3):375-382
[12]G9hre V,Paszkowski U.Contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to heavy metal phytoremediation[J].Planta,2006,223(6):1115~1122.
[13]Peng K J,Luo C L,Chen Y H,et al.Cadmium and other metal uptake by Lobelia chinensis and Solanum nigrum from contaminated soils[J].Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,2009,83(2):260~264.
[14]Sánchez-Chardi A,Ribeiro C A O,Nadal J.Metals in liver and kidneys and the effects of chronic exposure to pyrite mine pollution in the shrew Crocidura russula inhabiting the protected wetland of Do1ana[J].Chemosphere,2009,76(3):387~394.
[15]Dabonne S,Koffi B P K,Kouadio E J P,et al.Traditional utensils:Potential sources of poisoning by heavy metals[J].Br.J.Pharmacol.Toxicol,2010(2):90~92.
[16]Adriano D C,Wenzel W W,Vangronsveld J,et al.Role of assisted natural remediation in environmental cleanup[J].Geoderma,2004,122(2):121~142.
[17]徐云,鲁旭阳,申旭红.重金属污染对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J].湖北农业科学,2009,47(12):1506~1508.
[18]蒲瑞丰,康尔泗,王轲,等.石羊河流域典型工业区土壤重金属污染状况研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(9):129~133.
[19]Alcántara M T,Gómez J,Pazos M,et al.Electrokinetic remediation of lead and phenanthrene polluted soils[J].Geoderma,2012(173):128~133.
[20]Gholami M,Kebria D Y,Mahmudi M.Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2014,11(5):1433~1438.
[21]Gómez J,Alcántara M T,Pazos M,et al.A two-stage process using electrokinetic remediation and electrochemical degradation for treating benzo[a]pyrene spiked kaolin[J].Chemosphere,2009,74(11):1516~1521.
[22]Udovic M,Lestan D.EDTA and HCl leaching of calcareous and acidic soils polluted with potentially toxic metals:Remediation efficiency and soil impact[J].Chemosphere,2012,88(6):718~724.
[23]Han H,Lee Y J,Kim S H,et al.Electrokinetic remediation of soil contaminated with diesel oil using EDTA-cosolvent solutions[J].Separation Science and Technology,2009,44(10):2437~2454.
[24]Bolan N,Kunhikrishnan A,Thangarajan R,et al.Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils-To mobilize or to immobilize[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2014(266):141~166.
[25]Bian R,Joseph S,Cui L,et al.A three-year experiment confirms continuous immobilization of cadmium and lead in contaminated paddy field with biochar amendment[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2014(272):121~128.
[26]Zhou H,Zhou X,Zeng M,et al.Effects of combined amendments on heavy metal accumulation in rice(Oryza sativaL.)planted on contaminated paddy soil[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014(101):226~232.
[27]Beesley L,Inneh O S,Norton G J,et al.Assessing the influence of compost and biochar amendments on the mobility and toxicity of metals and arsenic in a naturally contaminated mine soil[J].Environmental Pollution,2014(186):195~202.
[28]Lee S H,Ji W H,Lee W S,et al.Influence of amendments and aided phytostabilization on metal availability and mobility in Pb/Zn mine tailings[J].Journal of environmental management,2014(139):15~21.
[29]Asensio V,Vega F A,Singh B R,et al.Effects of tree vegetation and waste amendments on the fractionation of Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in polluted mine soils[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013(443):446~453.
[30]黄凤球,纪雄辉,鲁艳红,等.不同工业废弃物对稻田土壤中镉铅生物有效性及其形态的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(4):1316~1321.
[31]Page K,Harbottle M J,Cleall P J,et al.Heavy metal leaching and environmental risk from the use of compost-like output as an energy crop growth substrate[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014(487):260~271.
[32]Udovic M,Lestan D.EDTA and HCl leaching of calcareous and acidic soils polluted with potentially toxic metals:Remediation efficiency and soil impact[J].Chemosphere,2012,88(6):718~724.
[33]Fedje K K,Yillin L,Str9mvall A M.Remediation of metal polluted hotspot areas through enhanced soil washing-Evaluation of leaching methods[J].Journal of environmental management,2013(128):489~496.
[34]石福贵,郝秀珍,周东美,等.鼠李糖脂与EDDS强化黑麦草修复重金属复合污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(9):1818~1823
[35]Greipsson S.Phytoremediation Nat.Educ[J].Knowl,2011(2):7.
[36]Kalve S,Ketan Sarangi B,Pandey R A,et al.Arsenic and chromium hyperaccumulation by an ecotype of Pteris vittata--prospective for phytoextraction from contaminated water and soil[J].Current Science(00113891),2011,100(6):888~894.
[37]Sarma H.Metal hyperaccumulation in plants:a review focusing on phytoremediation technology[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2011(4):118~138.
[38]Singh A.,Prasad S.M1.Reduction of heavy metal load in food chain:technology assessment[J].Rev.Environ.Sci.Biotechnol,2011(10):199~214.
[39]Vithanage M,Dabrowska B B,Mukherjee B,et al.Arsenic uptake by plants and possible phytoremediation applications:a brief overview[J].Environ.Chem.Lett,2012(10):217~224.
[40]Mili D,Lukovi J,Ninkov J,et al.Heavy metal content in halophytic plants from inland and maritime saline areas[J].Central European Journal of Biology,2012,7(2):307~317.
[41]Li J T,Liao B,Lan C Y,et al.Cadmium Tolerance and Accumulation in Cultivars of a High-Biomass Tropical Tree and Its Potential for Phytoextraction[J].Journal of environmental quality,2010,39(4):1262~1268.
[42]Adesodun J K,Atayese M O,Agbaje T,et al.Phytoremediation potentials of sunflowers(Tithonia diversifolia and Helianthusannuus)for metals in soils contaminated with zinc and lead nitrates[J].Water AirSoil Pollut,2010(207):195~201.
[43]Shabani N,Sayadi M H.Evaluation of heavy metals accumulation by two emergent macrophytes from the polluted soil:an experimental study[J].Environmentalist,2012(32):91~98.
[44]Zhang X,Xia H,Li Z,et al.Identification of a new potential Cd-hyperaccumulatorSolanum photeinocarpum by soil seed bankmetal concentration gradient method[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2011,189(1):414~419.
[45]Yang S X,Deng H,Li M S.Manganese uptake and accumulation in a woody hyperaccumulator,Schima superba[J].Plant Soil Environ,2008,54(10):441~446.
[46]Sakakibara M,Ohmori Y,Ha N T H,et al.Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated water and sediment by Eleocharis acicularis[J].Clean:Soil,Air,Water.2011(39):735~741.
[47]Pomponi M,Censi V,Di Girolamo V,et al.Overexpression of Arabidopsis phytochelatin synthase in tobacco plants enhances Cd2+tolerance and accumulation but not translocation to the shoot[J].Planta,2006,223(2):180~190.
[48]Martínez M,Bernal P,Almela C,et al.An engineered plant that accumulates higher levels of heavy metals thanThlaspi caerulescens,with yields of 100times more biomass in mine soils[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(3):478~485.
[49]Koprivova A,Kopriva S,Jger D,et al.Evaluation of transgenic poplars over-expressing enzymes of glutathione synthesis for phytoremediation of cadmium[J].Plant Biol,2002(4):664~670.
[50]Dhankher O P,Li Y,Rosen B P,et al.Engineering tolerance and hyperaccumulation of arsenic in plants by combining arsenate reductase andγ-glutamylcysteine synthetase expression[J].Nat Biotechnol,2002(20):1140~1145.
[51]LeDuc D L,Tarun A S,Montes-Bayon M,et al.Overexpression of selenocysteine methyltransferase in Arabidopsis and Indian mustard increases selenium tolerance and accumulation[J].Plant physiology,2004,135(1):377~383.
[52]Korenkov V,Hirschi K,Crutchfield J D,et al.Enhancing tonoplast Cd/H antiport activity increases Cd,Zn,and Mn tolerance,and impacts root/shoot Cd partitioningin Nicotiana tabacum L[J].Planta,2007,(226):1379~1387.
[53]Singh S.Phytoremediation:a sustainable alternative for environmentalchallenges[J].Int.J.Gr.Herb.Chem,2012(1):133~139.
[54]Mellado M,Contreras R A,González A,et al.Copper-induced synthesis of ascorbate,glutathione and phytochelatins in the marine alga Ulva compressa(Chlorophyta)[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012(51):102~108.
[55]Wu G,Kang H,Zhang X,et al.A critical review on the bioremoval of hazardous heavy metals from contaminated soils:issues,progress,eco-environmental concerns and opportunities[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,174(1):1~8.
[56]Mukhopadhyay S,Maiti S K.Phytoremediation of metal enriched mine waste:a review[J].Global Journal of Environmental Research,2010,4(3):135~150.
[57]Yadav R,Arora P,Kumar S,et al.Perspectives for genetic engineering of poplars for enhanced phytoremediation abilities[J].Ecotoxicology,2010,19(8):1574~1588.
[58]Naees M,Ali Q,Shahbaz M,et al.Role of rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metals:an overview[J].Int Res J Plant Sci,2011(2):220~232.
[59]Ramamurthy A S,Memarian R.Phytoremediation of mixed soil contaminants[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,2012,223(2):511~518.
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