Basement Structure and Properties of the Western Junggar Basin, China
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摘要
A comprehensive geophysical profile stretching from Qingyijing at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin to Ubara on the northern margin of the Junggar Basin was conducted in an attempt to probe the crustal structure of the western Junggar Basin(hereafter referred to simply as ‘the Basin'), and, in particular, the structure and property of the Basin's crystalline basement. A survey using seismically converted waves was conducted along this profile to determine the characteristics of the P-and Swave velocities typical of the crust and uppermost mantle. A joint inversion of gravitation and aeromagnetic data was also performed to acquire the density and magnetization intensity values found beneath the western Basin. This research revealed that the Basin is composed of the so-called Manasi terrain in the south, and the Wulungu terrain in the north. Their boundary is located along the WNW-trending Dishuiquan-Sangequan suture, linking the NE-striking Da'erbute suture(DS) in the west, and the WNWtrending Kalameili suture(KS) in the east. In its northern part, the Wulungu-type terrain has a doublelayered basement, of which the upper layer is a folded basement of Hercynian orogenic origin, and the lower layer is a crystalline basement of Middle–Upper Proterozoic age. The southern part of the Basin, i.e., the Manasi terrain, has a single-layered crystalline basement. The folded basement here is too thin to be clearly distinguished.
A comprehensive geophysical profile stretching from Qingyijing at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin to Ubara on the northern margin of the Junggar Basin was conducted in an attempt to probe the crustal structure of the western Junggar Basin(hereafter referred to simply as ‘the Basin'), and, in particular, the structure and property of the Basin's crystalline basement. A survey using seismically converted waves was conducted along this profile to determine the characteristics of the P-and Swave velocities typical of the crust and uppermost mantle. A joint inversion of gravitation and aeromagnetic data was also performed to acquire the density and magnetization intensity values found beneath the western Basin. This research revealed that the Basin is composed of the so-called Manasi terrain in the south, and the Wulungu terrain in the north. Their boundary is located along the WNW-trending Dishuiquan-Sangequan suture, linking the NE-striking Da'erbute suture(DS) in the west, and the WNWtrending Kalameili suture(KS) in the east. In its northern part, the Wulungu-type terrain has a doublelayered basement, of which the upper layer is a folded basement of Hercynian orogenic origin, and the lower layer is a crystalline basement of Middle–Upper Proterozoic age. The southern part of the Basin, i.e., the Manasi terrain, has a single-layered crystalline basement. The folded basement here is too thin to be clearly distinguished.
A comprehensive geophysical profile stretching from Qingyijing at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin to Ubara on the northern margin of the Junggar Basin was conducted in an attempt to probe the crustal structure of the western Junggar Basin(hereafter referred to simply as ‘the Basin'), and, in particular, the structure and property of the Basin's crystalline basement. A survey using seismically converted waves was conducted along this profile to determine the characteristics of the P-and Swave velocities typical of the crust and uppermost mantle. A joint inversion of gravitation and aeromagnetic data was also performed to acquire the density and magnetization intensity values found beneath the western Basin. This research revealed that the Basin is composed of the so-called Manasi terrain in the south, and the Wulungu terrain in the north. Their boundary is located along the WNW-trending Dishuiquan-Sangequan suture, linking the NE-striking Da'erbute suture(DS) in the west, and the WNWtrending Kalameili suture(KS) in the east. In its northern part, the Wulungu-type terrain has a doublelayered basement, of which the upper layer is a folded basement of Hercynian orogenic origin, and the lower layer is a crystalline basement of Middle–Upper Proterozoic age. The southern part of the Basin, i.e., the Manasi terrain, has a single-layered crystalline basement. The folded basement here is too thin to be clearly distinguished.
引文
Aki,K.,Richards,P.G.,1980.Quantitative Seismology.Freeman W.H.and Company,New York
Birch,F.,1961.Composition of the Earth’s Mantle.Geophysical Journal Royal Astronomical Society,4:295-311
Chen,S.,Pe-Piper,G.,Piper,D.J.W.,et al.,2014.Ophiolitic Mélanges in Crustal-Scale Fault Zones:Implications for the Late Palaeozoic Tectonic Evolution in West Junggar,China.Tectonics,33(12):2419-2443.https://doi.org/10.1002/2013tc003488
Feng,R.,Yan,H.F.,Zhang,R.S.,1986.A Method and Programming for Quick Inversion of 3D Potential Field.Acta Geologica Sinica,4:390-402(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Gal'perin,E.L.,1975.Polarization-Positional Correlation of Seismic Waves.Dokl.Akad.Nauk,223(2):336-334
Hopson,C.,Wen,J.,Tilton,G.,et al.,1989.Paleozoic Plutonism in East Junggar,Bogdashan and Eastern Tianshan,NW China.EOS Trans.Am.Geophys Union,70:1403-1404
Huang,J.Q.,1979.On the Multi-Cyclic Development of Geosynclinals Fold Belt.Science in China Series D:Earth Science,94:384-397(in Chinese)
Kuang,J.,1993.Tarrane Collage and the Formation and Evolution of the Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,14(2):126-132(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Kwon,S.T.,Tilton,G.R.,Coleman,R.G.,et al.,1989.Isotopic Studies Bearing on the Tectonics of the West Junggar Region,Xinjiang,China.Tectonics,8(4):719-727.https://doi.org/10.1029/tc008i004p00719
Li,D.,He,D.,Lian,Y.,et al.,2017.Structural Evolution and Late Carboniferous Magmatism of the Zhongguai Arc in the Western Junggar Basin,Northwest China:Implications for Tectonic Evolution of the Junggar Ocean.International Geology Review,59(10):1234-1255.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2016.1160801
Liu,Y.G.,Wu,X.G.,1997.Relation between Velocity and Rock Composition.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,43(2):211-220(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Pan,G.S.,Phinney,R.A.,Odom,R.I.,1988.Full-Waveform Inversion of Plane-Wave Seismograms in Stratified Acoustic Media:Theory and Feasibility.Geophysics,53(1):21-31.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442397
Peng,X.L.,1994.The Evidence for Land Crust Existence in the Junggar Basin during Early Paleozoic.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,15(4):291-297(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Rasmussen,R.,Pedersen,L.B.,1979.End Corrections in Potential-Field Modeling.Geophysical Prospect,27(4):749-760
Shao,X.Z.,Zhang,J.R.,1999.Petroleum Prospecting and Deep Structure.Petroleum Exploration and Development,26(2):11-14(in Chinese)
Shao,X.Z.,Zhang,J.R.,Fan,H.J.,2013.Seismic Converted Wave Exploration.Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Wang,D.R.,1977.Solutions and Optimiaation of Nonlinear Equations.People’s Education Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Wang,F.Z.,Yang,M.Z.,Zheng,J.P.,et al.,2002.Geochemical Evidence of the Basement Assembled by Island Arc Volcanic Terranes in Junggar Basin.Acta Mineralogica et Petrologica,21(1):1-10(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang,G.,Qin,Y.,Shen,J.,et al.,2018.Dynamic-Change Laws of the Porosity and Permeability of Low-to Medium-Rank Coals under Heating and Pressurization Treatments in the Eastern Junggar Basin,China.Journal of Earth Science,29(3):607-615.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0908-4
Wu,S.C.,Huang,R.,Xu,Y.X.,et al.,2018.Seismological Evidence for a Remnant Oceanic Slab in the Western Junggar,Northwest China.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,123(5):4157-4170.https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jb015332
Xiao,X.C.,Tang,Y.Q.,1992.Tectonics in Northern Xinjiang and Its Adjacent Regions.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese)
Xu,Y.X.,Yang,B.,Zhang,S.,et al.,2016.Magnetotelluric Imaging of a Fossil Paleozoic Intraoceanic Subduction Zone in Western Junggar,NWChina.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,121(6):4103-4117.https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012394
Yan,W.B.,Wang,G.C.,Li.L.,et al.,2015.Deformation Analyses and Their Geological Implications of Carboniferous-Permian Tectonic Transition Period in Northwest Margin of Junggar Basin.Earth Science,40(3):504-520.https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2015.040(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,K.M.,1992.Formation and Evolution of the Basins in Northwestern China.Northwestern Geology,13:1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,Y.Q.,Qiu,L.W.,Cao,Y.C.,et al.,2017.Reservoir Quality and Diagenesis of the Permian Lucaogou Formation Tight Carbonates in Jimsar Sag,Junggar Basin,West China.Journal of Earth Science,28(6):1032-1046.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0931-6
Zhang,K.,1991.On the Division,Drift,Collision and Convergence of Land Blocks and the Evolution of Petroleum Basins of China.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,12(2):91-106(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang,X.K.,Duan,Y.H.,Zhao,J.R.,2009.Crustal Structures and Their Tectonic Implications in Different Tectonic Block Regions of the Chinese Mainland.Earthquake Science,22(4):337-356.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-009-0337-2
Zhang,Y.J.,Chen,J.X.,1998.Geological Structure,Evolution and Classification of the Junggar Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,22:12-23(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang,S.,Xu,Y.X.,Jiang,L.,et al.,2017.Electrical Structures in the Northwest Margin of the Junggar Basin:Implications for Its Late Paleozoic Geodynamics.Tectonophysics,717:473-483.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2017.08.031
Zhao,B.,1992.The Basement Properties of the Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,13(3):95-99(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhao,J.M.,Chen,X.F.,Liu,X.,2010.A Geoscience Transect from Emin to Hami,Xinjiang,China(Including a Map of GGT).Science Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.M.,Cheng,H.G.,Pei,S.P.,et al.,2008a.Deep Structure at Northern margin of Tarim Basin.Chinese Science Bulletin,53:1544-1554(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.M.,Ma,Z.J.,Yao,C.L.,et al.,2008b.Analysis on Gravity-Magnetic Anomalies in Basement Geotectonic Divisions in Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,29(1):7-11(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhao,J.M.,Jin,Z.J.,Mooney,W.D.,et al.,2013.Crustal Structure of the Central Qaidam Basin Imaged by Seismic Wide-Angle Reflection/Refraction Profiling.Tectonophysics,584:174-190.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.09.005
Zhao,J.M.,Liu,G.D.,Lu,Z.X.,et al.,2003.Lithospheric Structure and Dynamic Processes of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt and the Junggar Basin.Tectonophysics,376(3-4):199-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2003.07.001
Zhao,J.M.,Mooney,W.D.,Zhang,X.K.,et al.,2006.Crustal Structure across the Altyn Tagh Range at the Northern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and Tectonic Implications.Earth Planetary Science Letters,241(3-4):804-814.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.003
Zhao,J.M.,Shah,S.T.H.,Zhang,H.,et al.,2017.Density and Magnetic Intensity of the Crust and Uppermost Mantle across the Northern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Physics of the Earth&Planetary Interiors,265:15-22.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2017.02.003
Zheng,J.P.,Wang,F.Z.,Cheng,Z.M.,et al.,2000.Nature and Evolution of Amalgamated Basement of Junggar Basin Northwestern China:Sr-Nd Isotope Evidences of Basement Igneous Rock.Earth Science,25(2):179-185(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zheng,J.P.,Sun,M.,Zhao,G.C.,et al.,2007.Elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopic Geochemistry of Late Paleozoic Volcanic Rocks beneath the Junggar Basin,NW China:Implications for the Formation and Evolution of the Basin Basement.Journal of Asian Earth Science,29(5-6):778-794.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.004
Birch,F.,1961.Composition of the Earth’s Mantle.Geophysical Journal Royal Astronomical Society,4:295-311
Chen,S.,Pe-Piper,G.,Piper,D.J.W.,et al.,2014.Ophiolitic Mélanges in Crustal-Scale Fault Zones:Implications for the Late Palaeozoic Tectonic Evolution in West Junggar,China.Tectonics,33(12):2419-2443.https://doi.org/10.1002/2013tc003488
Feng,R.,Yan,H.F.,Zhang,R.S.,1986.A Method and Programming for Quick Inversion of 3D Potential Field.Acta Geologica Sinica,4:390-402(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Gal'perin,E.L.,1975.Polarization-Positional Correlation of Seismic Waves.Dokl.Akad.Nauk,223(2):336-334
Hopson,C.,Wen,J.,Tilton,G.,et al.,1989.Paleozoic Plutonism in East Junggar,Bogdashan and Eastern Tianshan,NW China.EOS Trans.Am.Geophys Union,70:1403-1404
Huang,J.Q.,1979.On the Multi-Cyclic Development of Geosynclinals Fold Belt.Science in China Series D:Earth Science,94:384-397(in Chinese)
Kuang,J.,1993.Tarrane Collage and the Formation and Evolution of the Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,14(2):126-132(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Kwon,S.T.,Tilton,G.R.,Coleman,R.G.,et al.,1989.Isotopic Studies Bearing on the Tectonics of the West Junggar Region,Xinjiang,China.Tectonics,8(4):719-727.https://doi.org/10.1029/tc008i004p00719
Li,D.,He,D.,Lian,Y.,et al.,2017.Structural Evolution and Late Carboniferous Magmatism of the Zhongguai Arc in the Western Junggar Basin,Northwest China:Implications for Tectonic Evolution of the Junggar Ocean.International Geology Review,59(10):1234-1255.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2016.1160801
Liu,Y.G.,Wu,X.G.,1997.Relation between Velocity and Rock Composition.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,43(2):211-220(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Pan,G.S.,Phinney,R.A.,Odom,R.I.,1988.Full-Waveform Inversion of Plane-Wave Seismograms in Stratified Acoustic Media:Theory and Feasibility.Geophysics,53(1):21-31.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442397
Peng,X.L.,1994.The Evidence for Land Crust Existence in the Junggar Basin during Early Paleozoic.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,15(4):291-297(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Rasmussen,R.,Pedersen,L.B.,1979.End Corrections in Potential-Field Modeling.Geophysical Prospect,27(4):749-760
Shao,X.Z.,Zhang,J.R.,1999.Petroleum Prospecting and Deep Structure.Petroleum Exploration and Development,26(2):11-14(in Chinese)
Shao,X.Z.,Zhang,J.R.,Fan,H.J.,2013.Seismic Converted Wave Exploration.Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Wang,D.R.,1977.Solutions and Optimiaation of Nonlinear Equations.People’s Education Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Wang,F.Z.,Yang,M.Z.,Zheng,J.P.,et al.,2002.Geochemical Evidence of the Basement Assembled by Island Arc Volcanic Terranes in Junggar Basin.Acta Mineralogica et Petrologica,21(1):1-10(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang,G.,Qin,Y.,Shen,J.,et al.,2018.Dynamic-Change Laws of the Porosity and Permeability of Low-to Medium-Rank Coals under Heating and Pressurization Treatments in the Eastern Junggar Basin,China.Journal of Earth Science,29(3):607-615.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0908-4
Wu,S.C.,Huang,R.,Xu,Y.X.,et al.,2018.Seismological Evidence for a Remnant Oceanic Slab in the Western Junggar,Northwest China.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,123(5):4157-4170.https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jb015332
Xiao,X.C.,Tang,Y.Q.,1992.Tectonics in Northern Xinjiang and Its Adjacent Regions.Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese)
Xu,Y.X.,Yang,B.,Zhang,S.,et al.,2016.Magnetotelluric Imaging of a Fossil Paleozoic Intraoceanic Subduction Zone in Western Junggar,NWChina.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,121(6):4103-4117.https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012394
Yan,W.B.,Wang,G.C.,Li.L.,et al.,2015.Deformation Analyses and Their Geological Implications of Carboniferous-Permian Tectonic Transition Period in Northwest Margin of Junggar Basin.Earth Science,40(3):504-520.https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2015.040(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,K.M.,1992.Formation and Evolution of the Basins in Northwestern China.Northwestern Geology,13:1-6(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang,Y.Q.,Qiu,L.W.,Cao,Y.C.,et al.,2017.Reservoir Quality and Diagenesis of the Permian Lucaogou Formation Tight Carbonates in Jimsar Sag,Junggar Basin,West China.Journal of Earth Science,28(6):1032-1046.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0931-6
Zhang,K.,1991.On the Division,Drift,Collision and Convergence of Land Blocks and the Evolution of Petroleum Basins of China.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,12(2):91-106(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang,X.K.,Duan,Y.H.,Zhao,J.R.,2009.Crustal Structures and Their Tectonic Implications in Different Tectonic Block Regions of the Chinese Mainland.Earthquake Science,22(4):337-356.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-009-0337-2
Zhang,Y.J.,Chen,J.X.,1998.Geological Structure,Evolution and Classification of the Junggar Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,22:12-23(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang,S.,Xu,Y.X.,Jiang,L.,et al.,2017.Electrical Structures in the Northwest Margin of the Junggar Basin:Implications for Its Late Paleozoic Geodynamics.Tectonophysics,717:473-483.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2017.08.031
Zhao,B.,1992.The Basement Properties of the Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,13(3):95-99(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhao,J.M.,Chen,X.F.,Liu,X.,2010.A Geoscience Transect from Emin to Hami,Xinjiang,China(Including a Map of GGT).Science Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.M.,Cheng,H.G.,Pei,S.P.,et al.,2008a.Deep Structure at Northern margin of Tarim Basin.Chinese Science Bulletin,53:1544-1554(in Chinese)
Zhao,J.M.,Ma,Z.J.,Yao,C.L.,et al.,2008b.Analysis on Gravity-Magnetic Anomalies in Basement Geotectonic Divisions in Junggar Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,29(1):7-11(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhao,J.M.,Jin,Z.J.,Mooney,W.D.,et al.,2013.Crustal Structure of the Central Qaidam Basin Imaged by Seismic Wide-Angle Reflection/Refraction Profiling.Tectonophysics,584:174-190.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.09.005
Zhao,J.M.,Liu,G.D.,Lu,Z.X.,et al.,2003.Lithospheric Structure and Dynamic Processes of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt and the Junggar Basin.Tectonophysics,376(3-4):199-239.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2003.07.001
Zhao,J.M.,Mooney,W.D.,Zhang,X.K.,et al.,2006.Crustal Structure across the Altyn Tagh Range at the Northern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and Tectonic Implications.Earth Planetary Science Letters,241(3-4):804-814.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.003
Zhao,J.M.,Shah,S.T.H.,Zhang,H.,et al.,2017.Density and Magnetic Intensity of the Crust and Uppermost Mantle across the Northern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Physics of the Earth&Planetary Interiors,265:15-22.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2017.02.003
Zheng,J.P.,Wang,F.Z.,Cheng,Z.M.,et al.,2000.Nature and Evolution of Amalgamated Basement of Junggar Basin Northwestern China:Sr-Nd Isotope Evidences of Basement Igneous Rock.Earth Science,25(2):179-185(in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zheng,J.P.,Sun,M.,Zhao,G.C.,et al.,2007.Elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopic Geochemistry of Late Paleozoic Volcanic Rocks beneath the Junggar Basin,NW China:Implications for the Formation and Evolution of the Basin Basement.Journal of Asian Earth Science,29(5-6):778-794.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.004
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