克什米尔蜜蜂病毒(KBV)研究进展
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摘要
克什米尔蜜蜂病毒(Kashmir bee virus, KBV)作为一种毒力较强的蜜蜂急性病毒,自20世纪70年代被分离鉴定以来,已发现其广泛侵染世界各地的东方蜜蜂Apis cerana和西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera。KBV在蜂群内通过垂直和水平两种方式进行传播,且狄斯瓦螨Varroa destructor在其中扮演着重要角色,这使得KBV的分布范围持续扩散。目前已报道的病毒宿主除蜜蜂外,其还可侵染熊蜂、胡蜂等多种野生授粉昆虫。同时,KBV作为一种典型的双顺反子病毒科病毒,由于其在分子生物学上与同科的蜜蜂急性麻痹病毒(acute bee paralysis virus, ABPV)和以色列急性麻痹病毒(Israeli acute paralysis virus, IAPV)间的高相似性,对该病毒流行性的调查与检测、分类等研究的混乱局面也接踵而至。本文对过去40多年来的KBV相关研究进行综述,以期为KBV及类似昆虫病毒的后续研究提供一定的参考和借鉴,促进养蜂业的健康发展。
Kashmir bee virus(KBV), as an acute bee virus with high virulence, has been found to extensively infest Apis cerana and Apis mellifera around the world since it was isolated and identified in the 1970 s. KBV spreads in honeybee colonies via both vertical and horizontal ways, and Varroa destructor plays an important role in this process, urging the continuous spreading of KBV's distribution. In addition to honeybees, KBV can also infect bumblebees, wasps and other wild pollinators. Meanwhile, as a typical virus of Dicistroviridae, due to the high similarity in the molecular biology between KBV and acute bee paralysis virus(ABPV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus(IAPV) in the same family, chaos related to its epidemic investigation, detection, classification and other research also come one after another. Here, we reviewed the relevant studies of KBV over the last forty years, aiming to provide insights for further studying KBV and similar insect virus and to facilitate the healthy development of beekeeping.
Kashmir bee virus(KBV), as an acute bee virus with high virulence, has been found to extensively infest Apis cerana and Apis mellifera around the world since it was isolated and identified in the 1970 s. KBV spreads in honeybee colonies via both vertical and horizontal ways, and Varroa destructor plays an important role in this process, urging the continuous spreading of KBV's distribution. In addition to honeybees, KBV can also infect bumblebees, wasps and other wild pollinators. Meanwhile, as a typical virus of Dicistroviridae, due to the high similarity in the molecular biology between KBV and acute bee paralysis virus(ABPV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus(IAPV) in the same family, chaos related to its epidemic investigation, detection, classification and other research also come one after another. Here, we reviewed the relevant studies of KBV over the last forty years, aiming to provide insights for further studying KBV and similar insect virus and to facilitate the healthy development of beekeeping.
引文
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