库车坳陷克拉苏逆冲带晚期快速成藏机理
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摘要
基于库车坳陷克拉苏逆冲带喀桑托开背斜带克拉1、克拉2和克拉3构造油气生、运、聚过程分析,以及通过一系列油气藏地球化学证据表明,烃源岩晚期快速生烃与超压流体主排放通道及其控制的天然气快速汇聚输导体系是逆冲带天然气晚期快速成藏的2个重要条件.由于逆冲带构造叠加导致的地层重复加厚,使得下伏烃源岩快速深埋,在较短的2.3Ma时间内烃源岩成熟度自1.3%Ro增加到2.5%Ro,熟化/生烃速率达到了0.539%Ro/Ma,表现出逆冲构造叠加作用对烃源岩生烃的显著加快效应,以及逆冲带烃源岩在短期内可以为晚期成藏快速提供充足的气源.该背斜带具有多种构造样式,只有断层扩展褶皱相关断层才能形成切穿膏泥岩盖层的超压流体主排放通道,由此导致的盐下流体低势区成为天然气快速汇聚的有利部位.露头构造、地震剖面解释构造和自生高岭石与储层物性证据一致表明,克拉2构造相关断裂形成的超压流体主排放通道及其天然气快速汇聚输导体系是该大型气田成藏的关键;而克拉2构造两侧的克拉1和克拉3构造由于不具备天然气快速汇聚输导体系,从而不利于天然气聚集成藏.
引文
1)邹华耀.库车坳陷油气藏形成条件及油气分布规律.“九五”国家重点科技攻关项目(99-111-01-04-01)科研报告,2000
1)顾家裕,贾进华,朱筱敏,等,库车坳陷中新生界储层评价和预测.“九·五”国家重点科技攻关项目报告,2000
1贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气.北京:石油工业出版社,1997.348—364
2卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间.地学前缘,1999,6(4):215—221
3卢华复,贾承造,贾东,等.库车再生前陆盆地冲断构造楔特征.高校地质学报,2001,7(3):257—271
4贾承造,周新源,王招明,等.克拉2气田的发现及勘探技术.2002,7(1):79—88
5戴金星,陈践发,钟宁宁,等.中国大气田及其气源.北京:科学出版社,2003.65—180
6赵孟军,张宝民.库车前陆坳陷形成大气区的烃源岩条件.地质科学,2002,37(增刊):35—44
7秦胜飞,贾承造,陶士振.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气成藏的若干特征.中国地质,2002,29(1):103—108
8刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带的构造特征与油气.长春科技大学学报,1999,29(3):215—221
9刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.库车再生前陆盆地的构造与油气.石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):297—303
10汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,等.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,2003,49(5):501—506
11李贤庆,肖贤明,米敬奎,等.应用生烃动力学方法研究库车坳陷烃源岩生烃史.煤田地质与勘探,2005,3(5):292—295
12周兴熙.库车油气系统第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.古地理学报,2000,2(4):51—57
13周兴熙.塔里木盆地克拉2气田成藏机制再认识.天然气地球科学,2003,14(5):354—361
14赵文智,王红军,单家增,等.克拉2气田高效成藏中构造抽吸作用的地质分析与物理模拟.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2006,36(12):1084—1097
15Meneses-Rocha J,Yurewicz D A.Petroleum exploration and pro-duction in fold and thrust belts:ideas from a Hedberg Research Symposium.AAPG Bull,1999,83(6):889—897
16贾承造,魏国齐.塔里木盆地构造特征与含油气性.科学通报.2002,47(增刊):1—8
17李剑,谢增业,李志生,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然气气源对比.石油勘探与开发,2001,28(5):29—41
18赵孟军,卢双舫,李剑.库车油气系统天然气地球化学特征及气源探讨.石油勘探与开发,2002,29(6):4—7
19王红军.塔里木盆地海相与陆相成因天然气藏成藏机制研究.博士学位论文.北京:中国石油勘探开发研究院,1999.73—81
20Sweeney J J,Burnham A K.Evolution of a simple model of vitrinite reflectance based on chemical kinetics.AAPG Bull,1990,74(11):1559—1570
21邹华耀,郝芳,张伯桥,等.库车山前逆冲带超压流体主排放通道对油气成藏的控制.石油学报,2005,(2):11—14
22王震亮,张立宽,施立志,等.塔里木盆地克拉2气田异常高压的成因分析及其定量评价.地质论评,2005,51(1):55—63
23郝芳.超压盆地生烃作用动力学与油气成藏机理.北京:科学出版社,2004.230—260
24Berg R R,Habeck M F.Abnormal pressures in the Lower Vicks-burg,McAllen Ranch field,South Texas.Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Socs Trans,1982,32:47—253
25郝芳,邹华耀,方勇,等.断-压双控流体流动与油气幕式快速成藏.石油学报,2004,(6):38—43
26Oxtoby N H,Mitchell A W,Gluyas J G.The filling and emptying of the Ula oilfield:fluid inclusion constraints.In:Cubitt J M,England W A,eds.The Geochemistry of Reservoirs.London:Geological Society Special Publication,1995.141—157
27George S C,Greenwood P F,Logan G A,et al.Comparison of pa-laeo oil charges with currently reservoired hydrocarbons usingmolecular and isotopic analyses of oil-bearing fluid inclusions:Jabiru oil field,Timor Sea.The Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited(APPEA)J,1997,37(Part1):490—503
28Lisk M,Ostby J,Russell,et al.Oil migration history of the off-shore Canning basin.The Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited(APPEA)J,2000,40(Part2):133—150
29Schmidt V,McDonald D A.The role of secondary porosity in the course of sandstone diagenesis.In:Scholleard P A,Schlager P R,eds.Aspects of diagenesis:SEPM Special Publication,1979.175—207
30Burley S D.The development and destruction of porosity with Upper Jurassic reservoir sandstones of the Piper and Tartan field,outer Moray Firth,North Sea.Clay Min,1986,21:649—694
31Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.Organic-inorganic in-teractions and sandstone diagenesis.AAPG Bull,1989,73(1):1—23
32Giles M R,de Boer R B.Origin and significance of redistribu-tional secondary porosity.Marine Petrol Geol,1990,7(3):378—397
33Saigal G C,Bjorlykke K,Larter S.The effect of oil emplacement on diagenetic processes-examples from the Fulmar reservoir sandstones,Central North Sea.AAPG Bull,1992,76(7):1024—1033
34赖兴运,于炳松,陈军元,等.碎屑岩骨架颗粒溶解的热力学条件及其在克拉2气田的应用.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(1):45—53
35Johnson H D,Mackay T A,Stewart D J.The fulmar oil-field(cen-tral North Sea):geological aspects of its discovery appraisal and development.Mar Petrol Geol,1986,3:99—125
36Stewart D J.Diagenesis of the shallow marine Fulmar Formation in the central North Sea.Clay Min,1986,21:537—564
37邹华耀,郝芳,柳广弟,等.库车冲断带巴什基奇克组砂岩自生高岭石成因与油气成藏.石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):786—91
38赵澄林,陈丽华,涂强,等.中国天然气储层.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.74—88
39Wilkinson M,Darby D R.Secondary porosity generation during deep burial associated with overpressure leak-off:Fulmar Forma-tion,United Kingdom Central Graben.AAPG Bull,1997,81(5):803—813
40戴金星,卫延召,赵靖舟.晚期成藏对大气田形成的重大作用.中国地质,2003,30(1):10—19
41Hooper E C D.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments.J Petrol Geol,1991,14(2):161—180
42龚再升.中国近海盆地晚期断裂活动和油气成藏.中国石油勘探,2004,2:12—19
43龚再升.中国近海新生代盆地至今仍然是油气成藏的活跃期.石油学报,2005,26(6):1—6
44Price L C.Basin richness and source rock disruption:a fundamen-tal relationship?J Petrol Geol,1994,17(1):5—38
45邹华耀,黄光辉.断层-低熟油烃源岩排油的控制因素.江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(2):7—11
46Smith D A.Sealing and nonsealing faults in Louisiana Gulf Coast Salt basin.AAPG Bull,1980,64(2):145—172
47陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式.石油学报,2006,27(1):37—41
48Cazier E C,Hayward A B,Espinosa G,et al.Petroleum geology of the Cusiana field,Llanos Basin Foothills,Colombia.AAPG Bull,1995,79(10):1444—1463
1)顾家裕,贾进华,朱筱敏,等,库车坳陷中新生界储层评价和预测.“九·五”国家重点科技攻关项目报告,2000
1贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气.北京:石油工业出版社,1997.348—364
2卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间.地学前缘,1999,6(4):215—221
3卢华复,贾承造,贾东,等.库车再生前陆盆地冲断构造楔特征.高校地质学报,2001,7(3):257—271
4贾承造,周新源,王招明,等.克拉2气田的发现及勘探技术.2002,7(1):79—88
5戴金星,陈践发,钟宁宁,等.中国大气田及其气源.北京:科学出版社,2003.65—180
6赵孟军,张宝民.库车前陆坳陷形成大气区的烃源岩条件.地质科学,2002,37(增刊):35—44
7秦胜飞,贾承造,陶士振.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气成藏的若干特征.中国地质,2002,29(1):103—108
8刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带的构造特征与油气.长春科技大学学报,1999,29(3):215—221
9刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.库车再生前陆盆地的构造与油气.石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):297—303
10汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,等.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,2003,49(5):501—506
11李贤庆,肖贤明,米敬奎,等.应用生烃动力学方法研究库车坳陷烃源岩生烃史.煤田地质与勘探,2005,3(5):292—295
12周兴熙.库车油气系统第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.古地理学报,2000,2(4):51—57
13周兴熙.塔里木盆地克拉2气田成藏机制再认识.天然气地球科学,2003,14(5):354—361
14赵文智,王红军,单家增,等.克拉2气田高效成藏中构造抽吸作用的地质分析与物理模拟.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2006,36(12):1084—1097
15Meneses-Rocha J,Yurewicz D A.Petroleum exploration and pro-duction in fold and thrust belts:ideas from a Hedberg Research Symposium.AAPG Bull,1999,83(6):889—897
16贾承造,魏国齐.塔里木盆地构造特征与含油气性.科学通报.2002,47(增刊):1—8
17李剑,谢增业,李志生,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然气气源对比.石油勘探与开发,2001,28(5):29—41
18赵孟军,卢双舫,李剑.库车油气系统天然气地球化学特征及气源探讨.石油勘探与开发,2002,29(6):4—7
19王红军.塔里木盆地海相与陆相成因天然气藏成藏机制研究.博士学位论文.北京:中国石油勘探开发研究院,1999.73—81
20Sweeney J J,Burnham A K.Evolution of a simple model of vitrinite reflectance based on chemical kinetics.AAPG Bull,1990,74(11):1559—1570
21邹华耀,郝芳,张伯桥,等.库车山前逆冲带超压流体主排放通道对油气成藏的控制.石油学报,2005,(2):11—14
22王震亮,张立宽,施立志,等.塔里木盆地克拉2气田异常高压的成因分析及其定量评价.地质论评,2005,51(1):55—63
23郝芳.超压盆地生烃作用动力学与油气成藏机理.北京:科学出版社,2004.230—260
24Berg R R,Habeck M F.Abnormal pressures in the Lower Vicks-burg,McAllen Ranch field,South Texas.Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Socs Trans,1982,32:47—253
25郝芳,邹华耀,方勇,等.断-压双控流体流动与油气幕式快速成藏.石油学报,2004,(6):38—43
26Oxtoby N H,Mitchell A W,Gluyas J G.The filling and emptying of the Ula oilfield:fluid inclusion constraints.In:Cubitt J M,England W A,eds.The Geochemistry of Reservoirs.London:Geological Society Special Publication,1995.141—157
27George S C,Greenwood P F,Logan G A,et al.Comparison of pa-laeo oil charges with currently reservoired hydrocarbons usingmolecular and isotopic analyses of oil-bearing fluid inclusions:Jabiru oil field,Timor Sea.The Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited(APPEA)J,1997,37(Part1):490—503
28Lisk M,Ostby J,Russell,et al.Oil migration history of the off-shore Canning basin.The Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited(APPEA)J,2000,40(Part2):133—150
29Schmidt V,McDonald D A.The role of secondary porosity in the course of sandstone diagenesis.In:Scholleard P A,Schlager P R,eds.Aspects of diagenesis:SEPM Special Publication,1979.175—207
30Burley S D.The development and destruction of porosity with Upper Jurassic reservoir sandstones of the Piper and Tartan field,outer Moray Firth,North Sea.Clay Min,1986,21:649—694
31Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.Organic-inorganic in-teractions and sandstone diagenesis.AAPG Bull,1989,73(1):1—23
32Giles M R,de Boer R B.Origin and significance of redistribu-tional secondary porosity.Marine Petrol Geol,1990,7(3):378—397
33Saigal G C,Bjorlykke K,Larter S.The effect of oil emplacement on diagenetic processes-examples from the Fulmar reservoir sandstones,Central North Sea.AAPG Bull,1992,76(7):1024—1033
34赖兴运,于炳松,陈军元,等.碎屑岩骨架颗粒溶解的热力学条件及其在克拉2气田的应用.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(1):45—53
35Johnson H D,Mackay T A,Stewart D J.The fulmar oil-field(cen-tral North Sea):geological aspects of its discovery appraisal and development.Mar Petrol Geol,1986,3:99—125
36Stewart D J.Diagenesis of the shallow marine Fulmar Formation in the central North Sea.Clay Min,1986,21:537—564
37邹华耀,郝芳,柳广弟,等.库车冲断带巴什基奇克组砂岩自生高岭石成因与油气成藏.石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):786—91
38赵澄林,陈丽华,涂强,等.中国天然气储层.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.74—88
39Wilkinson M,Darby D R.Secondary porosity generation during deep burial associated with overpressure leak-off:Fulmar Forma-tion,United Kingdom Central Graben.AAPG Bull,1997,81(5):803—813
40戴金星,卫延召,赵靖舟.晚期成藏对大气田形成的重大作用.中国地质,2003,30(1):10—19
41Hooper E C D.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments.J Petrol Geol,1991,14(2):161—180
42龚再升.中国近海盆地晚期断裂活动和油气成藏.中国石油勘探,2004,2:12—19
43龚再升.中国近海新生代盆地至今仍然是油气成藏的活跃期.石油学报,2005,26(6):1—6
44Price L C.Basin richness and source rock disruption:a fundamen-tal relationship?J Petrol Geol,1994,17(1):5—38
45邹华耀,黄光辉.断层-低熟油烃源岩排油的控制因素.江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(2):7—11
46Smith D A.Sealing and nonsealing faults in Louisiana Gulf Coast Salt basin.AAPG Bull,1980,64(2):145—172
47陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式.石油学报,2006,27(1):37—41
48Cazier E C,Hayward A B,Espinosa G,et al.Petroleum geology of the Cusiana field,Llanos Basin Foothills,Colombia.AAPG Bull,1995,79(10):1444—1463
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