The stability of the sediment aggregation directly impacts the erosion process of the Yellow River estuary coast zone. Some methods, including scanning electron microscope, soil physical and chemical analysis, were used to analyze and contrast the basic physical and chemical properties of the loess and the sediments in the Yellow River estuary. A study was implemented on the aggregate influence of calcium carbonate and Ca2+ on sediments of the Yellow River estuary by testing aggregation values under different conditions. The results demonstrate that calcium carbonate is the main material of sediment aggregation in the Yellow River estuary.