According to reserve checking of Shanxian gold deposit in Henan Province, Xiaoshan gold deposit is taken as the target, frequency distribution analyses and process are done to the grade and tonnage of 75 gold ore sections in the gold mining area, then the normal distributive testing of P - P and Q - Q is done, the grade model, tonnage model and grade-tonnage model of ore body are set up. The geological characteristics of grade and tonnage distribution of Xiaoshan gold deposit are summarized, and the function of grade-tonnage model in mineral resource estimate in this area is discussed.