The Spatial Coupling of Land Use Changes and Its Environmental Effects on Hotan Oasis during 1980-2010
详细信息
- 责任者：Yang Yitian (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research ; CAS ; Beijing 100101 ; China) ; Zheng Du
- 刊名：Acta Geographica Sinica
- 出版年：2013
- 卷期：68(6)
- 关键词：绿洲 ; oasis ; 土地利用变化 ; land use changes ; 新疆 ; Xinjiang
- 页码：p.813-824
- 图表：illus., 5 tables, 46 refs.
- 分类号：1800
- issnNo：ISSN0375-5444
- isbnNo：CN11-1856/P
摘要
Under the background of climate warming, implementation of China’s Western Development Policy, and aids from 19 provinces and municipalities for economic development in Xinjiang since 2009, Hotan oasis has faced great challenges for demands of water and land resources. The visual interpretation method was used to process TM/ETM+ image on some field surveys in this region. Then the land use changes in Hotan oasis and their environmental effects were analyzed by using spatial coupling. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) There have been some obvious spatiotemporal changes in the land-use structure of Hotan oasis. The areas of cultivated land and urban-rural-land increased by 32.32% and 142.27%, respectively; while those of bushland and desert grassland reduced by 23.12% and 18.82%, respectively. The former came mainly from the grassland and forest and unused-land reclaimed during the period of 1980-2010. Because of the expansion of cultivated-land towards the northwest, the gravity center of cultivated-land shifted 4.96 km with a direction against the prevailing wind. (2) The spatial coupling, which is linked by water consumption, exists between middle and lower reaches, which show a rise and a fall of the integrated index, information entropy and balanced degree, as well as the oasis areas. For the excessive water consumption in middle reaches, there is less and less water in lower reaches, resulting in serious land degradation. (3) Expansion of cultivated land in oasis exploitation increased the comprehensive level of land use; while the information entropy also increased, which severely damaged the vegetation in transitional zone, resulting in ecosystem instability, then posed a threat to the ecological security of Tarim River. It is suggested that the agricultural restructuring should be carried out. To be specific, sown area of the high water consumption crops should be reduced. At the same time, the laws and regulations on water resource distribution in Tarim River Basin should be implemented to ensure water resource balance, eco-water resource increase, as well as to prohibit expansion of cultivated land and over-exploitation of groundwater.
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