云南金厂河铁铜铅锌多金属矿床矽卡岩矿物学特征及蚀变分带
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摘要
金厂河铁铜铅锌多金属矿床是位于"三江"地区保山地块北部的隐伏多金属矿床,矿体呈层状、似层状产于上寒武统核桃坪组大理岩化灰岩与矽卡岩内,受NW向F2断裂和NE向F10断裂控制明显。本文根据野外穿切关系及矿物共生组合,将矿床划分为4个成矿阶段,即矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、石英-硫化物阶段、碳酸盐阶段。矿区脉石矿物包括石榴子石、辉石、角闪石、绿帘石、绿泥石、黑柱石、石英、方解石、萤石等,矿石矿物主要包括磁铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿和闪锌矿。本文以矽卡岩矿物为研究对象,利用电子探针技术对其矿物学特征进行研究,结果表明:该矿床矽卡岩矿物主要为钙矽卡岩,石榴子石以钙铁榴石为主,辉石为透辉石-钙铁辉石过渡系列,角闪石主要为阳起石、铁阳起石和铁闪石,黑柱石含铁较高,多与磁铁矿相伴生;本矿床含少量锰质矽卡岩,包括锰铝榴石、含锰钙铁辉石、含锰阳起石、含锰黑柱石。矿床从深至浅的垂向分带以及自东向西的水平分带具有相似性:含Fe钙质矽卡岩※含Cu钙质矽卡岩※含Pb-Zn锰质矽卡岩※大理岩化灰岩,表明由矿床中部至两侧,自东向西,均有明显高温氧化环境向低温还原环境演化趋势。通过与已有矽卡岩Pb-Zn矿床矿物分带模型对比,推测存在深部岩浆热液以断裂交汇部位侵入交代围岩成矿,该矿床应为远接触带的矽卡岩型隐伏铁铜铅锌多金属矿床。
The Jinchanghe deposit is a concealed mineral deposit located in the northern part of the Baoshan massif in Sanjiang region. The ore bodies occur in the skarn and marbleized limestone of Hetaoping Formation in lamellar and stratoid forms, and are controlled obviously by the NW-trending F2 fault and the NE-trending F10 fault. Fourore-forming stages,i.e.,skarn stage, retrograde alteration stage,quartz sulfide stage and carbonate stage, were recognized based on the field relationship and mineral associations. Metallic minerals consist mainly of magnetite,chalcopyrite,pyrrhotite,pyrite,galena and sphalerite,whereas gangue minerals are composed of garnet,pyroxene,pyroxene,epidote,chlorite and ilvaite.With skarn minerals as the study objects and by using electron microprobe technology, the authors investigated the mineralogical characteristics. Electron microprobe analyses show that most of skarn minerals in the Jinchanghe ore deposit are calcium skarn minerals, and the end member of garnet is dominated by andradite, together with minor grossular. The clinopyroxene comprises hedenbergite and diopside. The amphibole in the Jinchanghe deposit includes actinolite, ferroactinolite and grunerite. Ilvaite contains relatively high iron and is commonly associated with magnetite. Skarn minerals are manganoan minerals in small amounts, comprising spessartine, manganoan hedenbergite, manganoan actinolite and manganoan ilvaite. There existsvertical alteration zonation from the depth to the shallow part and horizontal alteration zonation from east to west, varying in order of remote and buried pluton※calcium skarn zone with Fe ※calcium skarn zone with Cu※manganoan skarn zone with Pb and Zn※marbleized limestone. The alteration zone of the Jinchanghe ore deposit indicates that there is a higher temperature and oxidation zone in the middle part of the vertical profile and in the east part of the horizontal profile. Compared with zoning models of skarn mineralsin polymetallic ore deposits both in China and abroad, it is inferred that the remote magmatic hydrothermal fluid intruded through the cross-cutting zone of the two faults, and the infiltration effect occurred in the surrounding rocks, thus forming the ore bodies. The Jinchanghe ore deposit is therefore considered to be a copper-zinc-iron polymetallic concealed deposit in the distant contact zone.
The Jinchanghe deposit is a concealed mineral deposit located in the northern part of the Baoshan massif in Sanjiang region. The ore bodies occur in the skarn and marbleized limestone of Hetaoping Formation in lamellar and stratoid forms, and are controlled obviously by the NW-trending F2 fault and the NE-trending F10 fault. Fourore-forming stages,i.e.,skarn stage, retrograde alteration stage,quartz sulfide stage and carbonate stage, were recognized based on the field relationship and mineral associations. Metallic minerals consist mainly of magnetite,chalcopyrite,pyrrhotite,pyrite,galena and sphalerite,whereas gangue minerals are composed of garnet,pyroxene,pyroxene,epidote,chlorite and ilvaite.With skarn minerals as the study objects and by using electron microprobe technology, the authors investigated the mineralogical characteristics. Electron microprobe analyses show that most of skarn minerals in the Jinchanghe ore deposit are calcium skarn minerals, and the end member of garnet is dominated by andradite, together with minor grossular. The clinopyroxene comprises hedenbergite and diopside. The amphibole in the Jinchanghe deposit includes actinolite, ferroactinolite and grunerite. Ilvaite contains relatively high iron and is commonly associated with magnetite. Skarn minerals are manganoan minerals in small amounts, comprising spessartine, manganoan hedenbergite, manganoan actinolite and manganoan ilvaite. There existsvertical alteration zonation from the depth to the shallow part and horizontal alteration zonation from east to west, varying in order of remote and buried pluton※calcium skarn zone with Fe ※calcium skarn zone with Cu※manganoan skarn zone with Pb and Zn※marbleized limestone. The alteration zone of the Jinchanghe ore deposit indicates that there is a higher temperature and oxidation zone in the middle part of the vertical profile and in the east part of the horizontal profile. Compared with zoning models of skarn mineralsin polymetallic ore deposits both in China and abroad, it is inferred that the remote magmatic hydrothermal fluid intruded through the cross-cutting zone of the two faults, and the infiltration effect occurred in the surrounding rocks, thus forming the ore bodies. The Jinchanghe ore deposit is therefore considered to be a copper-zinc-iron polymetallic concealed deposit in the distant contact zone.
引文
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