贵州龙井洞和白龙洞裸灶螽对重金属的富集
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摘要
调查贵州省龙井洞和白龙洞裸灶螽部分环境因子,对2个洞穴的裸灶螽、土壤和水中重金属(Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg和As)含量进行测定,研究两洞穴裸灶螽的富集系数,对两洞穴土壤中重金属的污染指数及生态风险进行评价,结果表明:两洞穴有光带、弱光带和黑暗带土壤中重金属Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg及As的平均含量超过我国土壤背景值;两洞穴裸灶螽对Cu和Zn明显富集;龙井洞土壤中6种重金属潜在生态风险处于较高生态危害水平,且潜在生态风险系数大小排列为Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr;白龙洞土壤中6种重金属潜在生态风险处于高生态危害水平,且潜在生态风险系数大小排列为Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr,其中Hg是两洞穴最主要的生态风险因子。
Diestrammena and part of environmental factors from Longjing cave and Bailong cave in Guizhou province,were investigated.The contents of heavy metals(Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg and As) in Diestrammena,in soil and water from two caves were measured,and the enriched coefficient of Diestrammena from two caves was studied,and the pollution index and the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil from two caves were assessed.The results showed that the average content of Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg and As in two caves soil with light belt,reflection light belt and dark belt exceeds the background value of soil in China.The heavy metals Cu and Zn are significantly enriched in Diestrammena from two caves.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs a higher level in soil from Longjing cave,and the order of potential ecological risk indexes of six heavy metals is Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs the highest level in soil from Bailong cave,and the order of potential ecological risk indexes of six heavy metals is Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr,in which Hg is the most important ecological risk factor in two caves.
Diestrammena and part of environmental factors from Longjing cave and Bailong cave in Guizhou province,were investigated.The contents of heavy metals(Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg and As) in Diestrammena,in soil and water from two caves were measured,and the enriched coefficient of Diestrammena from two caves was studied,and the pollution index and the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil from two caves were assessed.The results showed that the average content of Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg and As in two caves soil with light belt,reflection light belt and dark belt exceeds the background value of soil in China.The heavy metals Cu and Zn are significantly enriched in Diestrammena from two caves.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs a higher level in soil from Longjing cave,and the order of potential ecological risk indexes of six heavy metals is Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs the highest level in soil from Bailong cave,and the order of potential ecological risk indexes of six heavy metals is Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr,in which Hg is the most important ecological risk factor in two caves.
引文
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[2]MORGAN J E,MORGAN A J.Earthworms as biological monitors of cadmium,copper,lead and zinc in metalliferoussoils[J].Environmental Pollution,1988,54(2):123-138.
[3]SVENDSEN C,SPURGEON D J,HANKARD P K,et al.A review of lysosomal memberane stability measured byneutral red retention:is it a workable earthworm biomarker?[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2004,57(1):20-29.
[4]叶子郯,黎道洪.贵州屯上洞洞穴动物对5种重金属富集的研究[J].四川动物,2011,30(3):372-376.
[5]杨晓云,温勇,陈晓燕,等.重金属在北江鱼类和底栖动物体内的富集及污染评价[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(6):194-198.
[6]黎道洪.贵州喀斯特洞穴动物研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[7]张庆华,杨锋杰,李丙霞,等.西南某矿区土壤植物体系中重金属分析评价[J].山东科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,26(3):15-18.
[8]李丽娜,陈振楼,许世远,等.非生物因子对底栖动物无齿相手蟹重金属富集量的影响[J].矿物岩石,2005,25(1):109-112.
[9]KENAGA E E.Predicted bioconcentration factors and soil sorption coeffieients of pesticides and orther chemicals[J].Eeotoxicology and Environmental Safety,1980,4(1):26-38.
[10]HAKANSON L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sedimentological approach[J].WaterResearch,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[11]魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-19.
[12]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[13]梁涛,史正涛,吴枫,等.昆明市街道灰尘重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].热带地理,2011,31(2):164-170.
目录
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