A New High-Resolution N2O Emission Inventory for China in 2008

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• 作者：Feng Zhou ; Ziyin Shang ; Philippe Ciais ; Shu Tao ; Shilong Piao ; Peter Raymond ; Canfei He ; Bengang Li ; Rong Wang ; Xuhui Wang ; Shushi Peng ; Zhenzhong Zeng ; Han Chen ; Na Ying ; Xikang Hou ; Peng Xu
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：August 5, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：15
• 页码：8538-8547
• 全文大小：522K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The amount and geographic distribution of N₂O emissions over China remain largely uncertain. In this study, county-level and 0.1掳 脳 0.1掳 gridded anthropogenic N₂O emission inventories for China (PKU-N₂O) in 2008 are developed based on high-resolution activity data and regional emission factors (EFs) and parameters. These new estimates are compared with previous inventories, and with two sensitivity tests: one that uses high-resolution activity data but the default IPCC methodology (S1) and the other that uses regional EFs and parameters but starts from coarser-resolution activity data. The total N₂O emissions are 2150 GgN₂O/yr (interquartile range from 1174 to 2787 GgN₂O/yr). Agriculture contributes 64% of the total, followed by energy (17%), indirect emissions (12%), wastes (5%), industry (2.8%), and wildfires (0.2%). Our national emission total is 17% greater than that of the EDGAR v4.2 global product sampled over China and is also greater than the GAINS-China, NDRC, and S1 estimates by 10%, 50%, and 17%, respectively. We also found that using uniform EFs and parameters or starting from national/provincial data causes systematic spatial biases compared to PKU-N₂O. Spatial analysis shows nonlinear relationships between N₂O emission intensities and urbanization. Per-capita and per-GDP N₂O emissions increase gradually with an increase in the urban population fraction from 0.3 to 0.9 among 2884 counties, and N₂O emission density increases with urban expansion.