• journal_title：Geology
• Contributor：Ethan F. Baxter ; Mark J. Caddick
• Publisher：Geological Society of America
• Date：2013-06-01
• Format：text/html
• Language：en
• Identifier：10.1130/G34004.1
• journal_abbrev：Geology
• issn：0091-7613
• volume：41
• issue：6
• firstpage：643
• section：Articles

The release of volatiles from subducting lithologies is a crucial triggering process for arc magmatism, seismicity, the growth and maturation of continents, and the global geological water-CO₂ cycle. While models exist to predict slab volatile release from hydrous phases, it is challenging to reconstruct and test these fluid fluxes in nature. Here we show that the growth of garnet may be used as a proxy for devolatilization at blueschist to lower eclogite facies conditions in subduction zones. Using thermodynamic analysis including the effects of garnet fractionation and fluid removal, we show the proportional relationship between garnet and water production in two end-member crustal lithologies (pelitic sediment and hydrated mid-oceanic-ridge basalt [MORB]) in three representative subduction geotherms. Dehydrating minerals such as lawsonite, chlorite, amphibole, and epidote contribute to garnet growth, especially between ∼1.4 and 3.0 GPa where geophysical models and observations predict dehydration. The average production ratio for altered MORB compositions is 0.52 (wt% water as fluid per vol% garnet) in cooler geotherms (Honshu [Japan] and Nicaragua) and 0.27 in hotter geotherms (Cascadia [North America]), whereas for pelite the production ratios are about half (0.24 and 0.13, respectively). Garnet growth correlates with production of 3.3–5.9 wt% water in hydrated MORB and 1.8–3.1 wt% water in pelite, representing 42%–100% of the water lost between 0.5 and 6.5 GPa from a fully saturated starting material. Garnet abundance, its pressure-temperature growth span, and its growth chronology may be used to recognize, reconstruct, and test models for progressive subduction zone dehydration.