The runoff and soil erosion of land use and its effect on nutrient transport Samachang catchment of Yunnan, China

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• 作者：Hou xiuliFu denggaoLi bo
• 会议时间：2009-11-01
• 关键词：water pollution ; soil erosior ; surface runoff ; catchment
• 作者单位：Hou xiuli,Fu denggao(Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio - Resource & Institute of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Restoration, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, P. R. China,650091)Li bo(Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio - Resource & Institute of Environmental Sciences and E)
• 母体文献：第十三届世界湖泊大会论文集
• 会议名称：第十三届世界湖泊大会
• 会议地点：武汉
• 主办单位：中国环境科学学会
• 语种：chi

摘要

In the research of analyzing the factors affected on water pollution,soil erosion and runoff have already been one of the important factors.In the catchment,the change of land use would not only alter the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation,but also affect the characteristic ofthe soil('s) surface.After one of land use is changed to another,the surface runoff and processes of nutrient transport significantly varied comparing to the prior land use,resulting from the difference of soil' s surface under the two land use.At present,the improper land use leads to the serious soil erosion and runoff and it subsequently results in water pollution of the catchment.So analyzing the soil erosion and runoff of the different land use is necessary for decreasing water pollution and controlling this factor in the catchment.The runoff and nutrient leaching in catchment results from the spatial pattern of land use,which can lead to the spatial and temporal variability of hydroiogical processes.In order to analyze the runoff and nutrient transport of the Samachang catchment in relation to the land use spatial patterus,soil erosion and surface runoff of five land use,including shrubland,Pinus plantation,Eucalyptus plantation,semi - natural forest and natural secondary forest,were monitored from the year of 2003 to 2007 ; and total nutrient leaching of the sub - catchment of the different land use spatial pattern was also tested in the present study.At the level of plot experiment,the annual mean surface runoff,soil erosion and nutrient leaching differed significantly among the five land use,following the order Eucalyptus plantation > Pinus plantation >semi -natural forest > shrubland > natural secondary forest.In Eucalyptus plantation and Pinus plantation,the mean annual surface runoff was 370.3 and 319.1m3/hm2 respectively,and the mean annual soil erosion was 141.6 and 55.8kg/hm2 respectively.The surface runoff of these land use was increased in exponential nodel with piecipitation.The total nutrient P leaching of the sub - catchment mainly dominated by Eucalyptus plantation land use was increased with area.At the sub - catchment mixed with Pinus plantation and natural secondary forest,the nutrient P leaching occurred less significantly.Controlling the ratio of the land use of Eucalyptus plantation and Pinus plantation area to the whole sub - catchment and improving spatial heterogeneity contribute to decrease of nutrient transport in the catchment of central Yunnan.