基于双温度补偿的瞬接续采型空心包体地应力测试技术研究
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摘要
为满足地应力精确测量和长期监测的技术发展要求,基于空心包体应变计地应力测量技术,通过对采集电路稳定性、完全温度补偿技术数字化及复杂环境下装备适应性进行研究,开发出具有瞬时采集、断电续采功能的前端数字化采集系统。基于温度自补偿技术及双温度补偿设计实现完全温度补偿技术在前端数字化型空心包体应变计地应力测量中的应用。室内标定试验和现场测试数据显示,双温度补偿技术对原温度补偿算法数据的修正量达到15%。采用围压率定法和真三维地应力试验台进行模拟现场条件的室内测试,结果显示数据真实反映空间应力变化。在3组现场地应力测量中,应变数据真实反映解除过程的岩芯缺陷、构造扰动、温度变化影响及解除应力演化过程,双温度影响修正应变值分别为64,86με。在温度强扰动条件下,通过双温度补偿算法修正,数据稳定性仍然达到了30 min内数据波动幅度小于5με的标准。双温度补偿算法的瞬接续采型前端数字化空心包体应变计地应力测量技术在室内试验和现场测试中均表现了良好的测试精度和采集系统稳定性。
The stability of electric circuit,the digital techniques for the improvement of complete temperature compensation method and the application of in-situ equipment under complex environment were investigated with the technique of CSIRO cell in order to meet the demand of accurate measurement and long-term monitoring of in-situ stresses. The development of the collection system with the function of instantaneous data-logging and data-connection in power cut-off condition were discussed in this paper as well. The compromised techniques of temperature self-compensation transducers and a double circuit set for temperature compensation(twin temperature compensation) are involved in the realization of complete temperature compensation in the front-end digital CSIRO cell. The test results of lab and in-situ measurement show that the twin temperature compensation technique can improve the precision of measurement to 15%(compared with the results from the original temperature compensation method). Three groups of in-situ tests were also carried out with the new digital hollow cell,and the recorded curves of strain gauges correctly indicate the defects of rock core,the tectonic disturbance,the intense influence of temperature and the process of stress release. The modified values from the twin temperature compensation calculation of the last two in-situ measurement are 64 με and 86 με respectively and the stability of the data can still meet the standard of 5 με in 30 minutes under the intense disturbance of temperature. The new type of digital CSIRO cell shows good accuracy and stability both in laboratory experiments and in-situ tests.
The stability of electric circuit,the digital techniques for the improvement of complete temperature compensation method and the application of in-situ equipment under complex environment were investigated with the technique of CSIRO cell in order to meet the demand of accurate measurement and long-term monitoring of in-situ stresses. The development of the collection system with the function of instantaneous data-logging and data-connection in power cut-off condition were discussed in this paper as well. The compromised techniques of temperature self-compensation transducers and a double circuit set for temperature compensation(twin temperature compensation) are involved in the realization of complete temperature compensation in the front-end digital CSIRO cell. The test results of lab and in-situ measurement show that the twin temperature compensation technique can improve the precision of measurement to 15%(compared with the results from the original temperature compensation method). Three groups of in-situ tests were also carried out with the new digital hollow cell,and the recorded curves of strain gauges correctly indicate the defects of rock core,the tectonic disturbance,the intense influence of temperature and the process of stress release. The modified values from the twin temperature compensation calculation of the last two in-situ measurement are 64 με and 86 με respectively and the stability of the data can still meet the standard of 5 με in 30 minutes under the intense disturbance of temperature. The new type of digital CSIRO cell shows good accuracy and stability both in laboratory experiments and in-situ tests.
引文
[1]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:1-10.(CAI Meifeng.Principle and techniques of rock stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:1-10.(in Chinese))
[2]王连捷,潘立宙,廖椿庭,等.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1991:1-7.(WANG Lianjie,PAN Lizhou,LIAOChunting,et al.Crustal stress measurements and their application in engineering[M].Beijing:Geology Press,1991:1-7.(in Chinese))
[3]HAYASHI K,SATO A,ITO T.In-situ stress measurements by hydraulic fracturing for a rock mass with many planes of weakness[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(1):45-48.
[4]康红普,林健,张晓.深部矿井地应力测量方法研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):929-933.(KANG Hongpu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Xiao.Research and application of in-situ stress measurement in deep mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):929-933.(in Chinese))
[5]刘允芳,朱杰兵,刘元坤.空心包体式钻孔三向应变计地应力测量的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(4):448-453.(LIUYunfang,ZHU Jiebing,LIU Yuankun.Research on hollow inclusion strain gauge for geostress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(4):448-453.(in Chinese))
[6]SJ?BERG J,KLASSON H.Stress measurements in deep boreholes using the Borre(SSPB)probe[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,2003,40(7):1 205-1 223.
[7]刘允芳,尹健民,刘元坤.空心包体式钻孔三向应变计测试技术探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):291-296.(LIU Yunfang,YINJianmin,LIU Yuankun.Measuring techniques for hollow inclusion triaxial strain cells[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):291-296.(in Chinese))
[8]蔡美峰,刘卫东,李远.玲珑金矿深部地应力测量及矿区地应力场分布规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):227-233.(CAIMeifeng,LIU Weidong,LI Yuan.In-situ stress measurement at deep position of Linglong gold mine and distribution law of in-situ stress field in mine area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(2):227-233.(in Chinese))
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量中温度补偿方法的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1991,10(3):227-235.(CAI Meifeng.Studies of temperature compensation techniques in rock stress measurements[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1991,10(3):227-235.(in Chinese))
[10]蔡美峰,乔兰,于劲波.空心包体应变计测量精度问题[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(6):15-20.(CAI Meifeng,QIAO Lan,YU Jinbo.The measurement precision of CSIRO cells[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(6):15-20.(in Chinese))
[11]乔兰,蔡美峰.应力解除法在某金矿地应力测量中的新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,24(1):25-32.(QIAO Lan,CAI Meifeng.New development of stress relief method for determination of in-situ stresses in a gold mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1995,24(1):25-32.(in Chinese))
[12]QUINN G M.Rock stress measurement apparatus and method[P].Australia:AU2012100177,2012-04-05.
[13]白金朋,彭华,马秀敏,等.深孔空心包体法地应力测量仪及其应用实例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):902-908.(BAIJinpeng,PENG Hua,MA Xiumin,et al.Hollow inclusion strain gauge geostress measuring instrument in deep borehole and its application example[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):902-908.(in Chinese))
[14]闫晓坤.基于空心包体应变计的地应力测量系统研究[硕士学位论文][D].北京:北京科技大学,2013.(YAN Xiaokun.Research on geostress survey system based on hollow inclusion stress gauge[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013.(in Chinese))
[15]李振.改进型空心包体本地数字化技术研发及数据误差分析[硕士学位论文][D].北京:北京科技大学,2015.(LI Zhen.Research on the local digital technology and data error analysis with method of improved hollow inclusion technique[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2015.(in Chinese))
[16]李远,乔兰,孙歆硕.关于影响空心包体应变计地应力测量精度若干因素的讨论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 140-2 144.(LI Yuan,QIAO Lan,SUN Xinshuo.Analyses of some factors affecting precision in in-situ stress measurement with method of CSIRO cells[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 140-2 144.(in Chinese))
[17]刘允芳,刘元坤.围压试验在空心包体式应变计地应力测量中的作用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):3 932-3 937.(LIUYunfang,LIU Yuankun.Function of confining pressure test on hollow inclusion triaxial strain gauge for geostress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):3 932-3 937.(in Chinese))
[18]冀东,任奋华,彭超,等.地应力弹性参数计算的应力区间分级方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):2 728-2 734.(JI Dong,REN Fenhua,PENG Chao,et al.A stress interval classification method for calculation rock elastic parameters in in-situ stress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):2 728-2 734.(in Chinese))
[19]MIAO S J,LI Y,TAN W H,et al.Relation between the in-situ stress field and geological tectonics of a gold mine area in Jiaodong Peninsula China[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2012,51(2):76-80.
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB 50021-2001岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China.GB50021-2001 Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[2]王连捷,潘立宙,廖椿庭,等.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1991:1-7.(WANG Lianjie,PAN Lizhou,LIAOChunting,et al.Crustal stress measurements and their application in engineering[M].Beijing:Geology Press,1991:1-7.(in Chinese))
[3]HAYASHI K,SATO A,ITO T.In-situ stress measurements by hydraulic fracturing for a rock mass with many planes of weakness[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(1):45-48.
[4]康红普,林健,张晓.深部矿井地应力测量方法研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):929-933.(KANG Hongpu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Xiao.Research and application of in-situ stress measurement in deep mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):929-933.(in Chinese))
[5]刘允芳,朱杰兵,刘元坤.空心包体式钻孔三向应变计地应力测量的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(4):448-453.(LIUYunfang,ZHU Jiebing,LIU Yuankun.Research on hollow inclusion strain gauge for geostress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(4):448-453.(in Chinese))
[6]SJ?BERG J,KLASSON H.Stress measurements in deep boreholes using the Borre(SSPB)probe[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,2003,40(7):1 205-1 223.
[7]刘允芳,尹健民,刘元坤.空心包体式钻孔三向应变计测试技术探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):291-296.(LIU Yunfang,YINJianmin,LIU Yuankun.Measuring techniques for hollow inclusion triaxial strain cells[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):291-296.(in Chinese))
[8]蔡美峰,刘卫东,李远.玲珑金矿深部地应力测量及矿区地应力场分布规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):227-233.(CAIMeifeng,LIU Weidong,LI Yuan.In-situ stress measurement at deep position of Linglong gold mine and distribution law of in-situ stress field in mine area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(2):227-233.(in Chinese))
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量中温度补偿方法的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1991,10(3):227-235.(CAI Meifeng.Studies of temperature compensation techniques in rock stress measurements[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1991,10(3):227-235.(in Chinese))
[10]蔡美峰,乔兰,于劲波.空心包体应变计测量精度问题[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(6):15-20.(CAI Meifeng,QIAO Lan,YU Jinbo.The measurement precision of CSIRO cells[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(6):15-20.(in Chinese))
[11]乔兰,蔡美峰.应力解除法在某金矿地应力测量中的新进展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,24(1):25-32.(QIAO Lan,CAI Meifeng.New development of stress relief method for determination of in-situ stresses in a gold mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1995,24(1):25-32.(in Chinese))
[12]QUINN G M.Rock stress measurement apparatus and method[P].Australia:AU2012100177,2012-04-05.
[13]白金朋,彭华,马秀敏,等.深孔空心包体法地应力测量仪及其应用实例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):902-908.(BAIJinpeng,PENG Hua,MA Xiumin,et al.Hollow inclusion strain gauge geostress measuring instrument in deep borehole and its application example[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):902-908.(in Chinese))
[14]闫晓坤.基于空心包体应变计的地应力测量系统研究[硕士学位论文][D].北京:北京科技大学,2013.(YAN Xiaokun.Research on geostress survey system based on hollow inclusion stress gauge[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013.(in Chinese))
[15]李振.改进型空心包体本地数字化技术研发及数据误差分析[硕士学位论文][D].北京:北京科技大学,2015.(LI Zhen.Research on the local digital technology and data error analysis with method of improved hollow inclusion technique[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2015.(in Chinese))
[16]李远,乔兰,孙歆硕.关于影响空心包体应变计地应力测量精度若干因素的讨论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 140-2 144.(LI Yuan,QIAO Lan,SUN Xinshuo.Analyses of some factors affecting precision in in-situ stress measurement with method of CSIRO cells[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 140-2 144.(in Chinese))
[17]刘允芳,刘元坤.围压试验在空心包体式应变计地应力测量中的作用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):3 932-3 937.(LIUYunfang,LIU Yuankun.Function of confining pressure test on hollow inclusion triaxial strain gauge for geostress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):3 932-3 937.(in Chinese))
[18]冀东,任奋华,彭超,等.地应力弹性参数计算的应力区间分级方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):2 728-2 734.(JI Dong,REN Fenhua,PENG Chao,et al.A stress interval classification method for calculation rock elastic parameters in in-situ stress measurement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):2 728-2 734.(in Chinese))
[19]MIAO S J,LI Y,TAN W H,et al.Relation between the in-situ stress field and geological tectonics of a gold mine area in Jiaodong Peninsula China[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2012,51(2):76-80.
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB 50021-2001岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China.GB50021-2001 Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2009.(in Chinese))
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