木里煤田煤系泥页岩储层特征研究
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摘要
为深入研究青海省木里煤田聚乎更矿区三露天井田煤系泥页岩储层孔渗特征并评价其优级,通过孔径、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、孔渗等实验和测试分析,针对含煤岩系中泥页岩储层层位、储集层性质方面,对三露天井田中侏罗系煤系泥页岩储层孔隙类型及其特征做出定量分析。研究表明,研究区泥页岩储层存在粒间孔、粒内孔、溶蚀孔及微裂缝等4种微观孔隙类型。以黏土矿物聚合体粒间孔和层间粒内孔最为发育;Ⅳ型等温线和滞后回线表明泥页岩储层主体孔隙大小为2~50nm,孔隙类型以狭窄型为主,属中孔级别。样品主要组成矿物为石英和黏土矿物,其中黏土矿物以蒙脱石和伊利石为主;泥页岩储层更容易在外力作用下形成天然裂缝和诱导裂缝。储层的矿物组成和物性特征均表明木里组更有利于煤系页岩气的富集;所研究的三露天井田泥页岩储层的评价为后续的勘探开发提供了基础。
To further study on minefield coal measures argillutite reservoir pore permeability features and assess their excellent grade in the No. 3 surface coalmine,Juhugeng mining area,Muri coalfield,Qinghai Province,through pore diameter,X-ray diffraction,SEM and pore permeability test and analysis,in allusion to coal-bearing strata argillutite reservoir horizon and reservoir property,carried out quantitative analysis for middle Jurassic coal measures argillutite reservoir pore type and features. The study has shown that four microscopic pore types including intergranular pore-space,intragranular pore,solution opening and microfissure have existed in the reservoir. Among them,the clay mineral aggregate intergranular pore-space and interlayer intragranular pore are mostly developed. The type IV isotherm and hysteresis loop have shown that the size of main pores is 2nm ~ 50nm; pore type belongs to stenotic type medium pores. Sample major mineral components have quartz and clay minerals; the later are mainly montmorillonite and illite. Under the function of external force,argillutite reservoir can easy to form inartificial fissures and induced fissures. The reservoir mineral composition and physical property features have all shown that the Muri Formation is more favorable to coal measures shale gas enrichment. The assessment of argillutite reservoir in No. 3 surface coalmine has provided basis for further exploration and exploitation.
To further study on minefield coal measures argillutite reservoir pore permeability features and assess their excellent grade in the No. 3 surface coalmine,Juhugeng mining area,Muri coalfield,Qinghai Province,through pore diameter,X-ray diffraction,SEM and pore permeability test and analysis,in allusion to coal-bearing strata argillutite reservoir horizon and reservoir property,carried out quantitative analysis for middle Jurassic coal measures argillutite reservoir pore type and features. The study has shown that four microscopic pore types including intergranular pore-space,intragranular pore,solution opening and microfissure have existed in the reservoir. Among them,the clay mineral aggregate intergranular pore-space and interlayer intragranular pore are mostly developed. The type IV isotherm and hysteresis loop have shown that the size of main pores is 2nm ~ 50nm; pore type belongs to stenotic type medium pores. Sample major mineral components have quartz and clay minerals; the later are mainly montmorillonite and illite. Under the function of external force,argillutite reservoir can easy to form inartificial fissures and induced fissures. The reservoir mineral composition and physical property features have all shown that the Muri Formation is more favorable to coal measures shale gas enrichment. The assessment of argillutite reservoir in No. 3 surface coalmine has provided basis for further exploration and exploitation.
引文
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[21]Ross D J K,Bustin R M.The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26:916-927.
[22]Passey Q R,Bohacs K M,Esch W L,et al.From oil-prone source rock to gas-producing shale reservoir:geologic and petrophysical characterization of uniconventional shale-gas reservoirs[R].SPE,131350,2010.
[23]Chalmers G R,Bustin R M,Power I M,et al.Characterization of gas shale pore systems by porosimetry,pycnometry,surface area and field emission scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy image analyses:Examples fromthe Barnett,Woodford,Haynesville,Marcellus,and Doig units[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1099-1119.
[24]Houben M E,Desbois G,Urai J L.Pore morphology and distribution in the shale facies of Opalinus Clay(Mont Terri,Switzerland):Insights from representative 2DBIB-SEM investigations on mm to nm scale[J].Applied Clay Science,2013,71:82-97.
[25]Keller J U,Staudt R.Gas adsorption equilibra:experimental methods and adsorptive isotherms[M].USA:Springer Science,2005:1-422.
[26]应凤祥,杨式升,张敏,等.激光扫描共聚焦显微镜研究储层孔隙结构[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):75-79.
[27]孟宪明.煤孔隙结构和煤对气体吸附特性研究[D].山东科技大学,2007.
[28]杨峰,宁正福,张世栋,等.基于氮气吸附实验的孔隙结构表征[J].天然气工业,2013,33:135-140.
[29]陈萍,唐修义.低温氮吸附法与煤中微孔隙特征的研究[J].煤炭学报,2001,05:552-556.
[2]Scott L.Montgomery,Daniel M.Jarvie,Kent A.Bowker,et al.Mississippian Barnett Shale,Fort Worth basin,north-central Texas:Gas-shale play with multi-trillion cubic foot potential[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(2):155-175.
[3]聂海宽,张金川.页岩气藏分布地质规律与特征[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(2):700-708.
[4]Schettler Jr P D,Parmely C R,Juniata C.Contributions to total storage capacity in Devonian shales[J].SPE 23422,1991:77-88.
[5]Bowker K A.Recent development of the Barnett shale play,Fort Worth Basin:West Texas[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2003,42(6):1-11.
[6]Montgomery S L,Jarvie D M,Bowker K A,et al.Missiissippian Barnett shale,Fort Worth Basin,north-central Texas:Gas-shale with multitrillion cubic foot potential[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(2):155-175.
[7]Webb P A,Orr C.Analytical Methods in Fine Particle Technology[M].Norcross:Micromeritics Instrument 115 Corporation Publishers,2008:161-162.
[8]Ambrose Ray J,Hartman Robert C,Diaz-Campos Mery,et al.New pore-scale considerations for shale gas in place calculations[J].SPE 131772,2010:1-17.
[9]陈尚斌,朱炎铭,王红岩,等.川南龙马溪组页岩气储层纳米孔隙结构特征及其成藏意义[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(3):438-444.
[10]Roger S,Prerna S,Gariel B,et al.Reservoir Characterization of Unconventional Gas Shales:Example from the Barnett Shale[R].Oral presentation at AAPG Annual Convention&Exhibition.San Antonio,Texas,USA,2008:20-23.
[11]杨超,张金川,唐玄.鄂尔多斯盆地陆相页岩微观孔隙类型及对页岩气储渗的影响[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):240-250.
[12]邹才能,朱如凯,白斌,等.中国油气储层中纳米孔首次发现及其科学价值[J].岩石学报,2011,06:1857-1864.
[13]俞祁浩,徐学祖,程国栋.青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物的研究前景和建议[J].地球科学进展,1999,14(2):100-103.
[14]王佟,刘天绩,邵龙义,等.青海木里煤田天然气水合物特征与成因[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(6):26-30.
[15]曹代勇,刘天绩,王丹,等.青海木里地区天然气水合物形成条件分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(9):3-6.
[16]文怀军,邵龙义,李永红,等.青海省天峻县木里煤田聚乎更矿区构造轮廓和地层格架[J].地质通报,2011,30(12):1823-1828.
[17]孙红波,孙军飞,张发德,等.青海木里煤田构造格局与煤盆地构造演化[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(12):34-37.
[18]曹代勇,孙红波,孙军飞.青海东北部木里煤田控煤构造样式与找煤预测[J].地质通报,2010,29(11):1696-1703.
[19]Bowker K A.Recent developments of the Barnett Shale play,Fort Worth Basin[J].West Texas Geological Society Bulletin,2003,42:4-11.
[20]刘娅铭.塔里木盆地志留—泥盆系碎屑岩储层特征研究[D].中国地质大学(北京),2006.
[21]Ross D J K,Bustin R M.The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26:916-927.
[22]Passey Q R,Bohacs K M,Esch W L,et al.From oil-prone source rock to gas-producing shale reservoir:geologic and petrophysical characterization of uniconventional shale-gas reservoirs[R].SPE,131350,2010.
[23]Chalmers G R,Bustin R M,Power I M,et al.Characterization of gas shale pore systems by porosimetry,pycnometry,surface area and field emission scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy image analyses:Examples fromthe Barnett,Woodford,Haynesville,Marcellus,and Doig units[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1099-1119.
[24]Houben M E,Desbois G,Urai J L.Pore morphology and distribution in the shale facies of Opalinus Clay(Mont Terri,Switzerland):Insights from representative 2DBIB-SEM investigations on mm to nm scale[J].Applied Clay Science,2013,71:82-97.
[25]Keller J U,Staudt R.Gas adsorption equilibra:experimental methods and adsorptive isotherms[M].USA:Springer Science,2005:1-422.
[26]应凤祥,杨式升,张敏,等.激光扫描共聚焦显微镜研究储层孔隙结构[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):75-79.
[27]孟宪明.煤孔隙结构和煤对气体吸附特性研究[D].山东科技大学,2007.
[28]杨峰,宁正福,张世栋,等.基于氮气吸附实验的孔隙结构表征[J].天然气工业,2013,33:135-140.
[29]陈萍,唐修义.低温氮吸附法与煤中微孔隙特征的研究[J].煤炭学报,2001,05:552-556.
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