琼东南盆地凝析气井产能评价方法研究
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摘要
通过研究发现目前气井产能的评价方法存在一定局限性。对于凝析气井、高温高压气井、产水气井等往往存在着二项式产能方程异常的情况,甚至很多常规气井也会出现产能方程异常的情况。产能方程出现异常的原因错综复杂,但是归根结底受到两个主要因素的制约,其一为井底流压;其二为产能方程的指数m。基于前人的研究,以流体渗流的基本理论推导出气井表皮系数引起的附加压降计算公式,以此附加压降为基准,以提出的产能方程为依据对测试井底流压产生的误差进行修正。同时基于卡佳霍夫提出的雷诺数,创新提出紊流影响因子λ,依据实际气田紊流影响因子与产能方程m值的关系回归出相关方程,实际应用中可以方便的使用λ计算出产能方程指数m。通过实际数据进行检验,证实此方法是科学合理的。
It is found that all methods to evaluate the deliverability of gas wells have their own limitations. The binomial productivity equation, which is especially used to evaluate condensate, high temperature and high pressure, and water-producing gas wells,emerges abnormal. Even for most conventional wells, the productivity equation is also unusually. The reasons for abnormality are complicated. However, the fundamental ones are downhole flowing pressure and an exponent in productivity equation of m. Based onprevious study, one formula to calculate additional pressure drop caused by skin factor is inferred from fluid percolation; and some errors in a downhole flowing pressure test are amended by reference of the additional pressure drop and by evidence of the productivity equation. Meanwhile, based on the Reynolds number, the influencing factor of turbulence of d according to λth is presented. And a relevant equation is regressee relationship between be easily calculated by adopting λ and m. In fact, m canthod is scientific and reasonable.λ. It is proven that this method is scientific and reasonable.
It is found that all methods to evaluate the deliverability of gas wells have their own limitations. The binomial productivity equation, which is especially used to evaluate condensate, high temperature and high pressure, and water-producing gas wells,emerges abnormal. Even for most conventional wells, the productivity equation is also unusually. The reasons for abnormality are complicated. However, the fundamental ones are downhole flowing pressure and an exponent in productivity equation of m. Based onprevious study, one formula to calculate additional pressure drop caused by skin factor is inferred from fluid percolation; and some errors in a downhole flowing pressure test are amended by reference of the additional pressure drop and by evidence of the productivity equation. Meanwhile, based on the Reynolds number, the influencing factor of turbulence of d according to λth is presented. And a relevant equation is regressee relationship between be easily calculated by adopting λ and m. In fact, m canthod is scientific and reasonable.λ. It is proven that this method is scientific and reasonable.
引文
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[2]陈春艳.异常高压气藏气井产能方程求解的简易方法[J].天然气工业,2007,27(4):88-89.
[3]张合文,冯其红,鄢雪梅.气水两相流二项式产能方程研究[J].断块油气田,2008,15(6):62-63.
[4]罗银富,黄炳光,王怒涛.异常高压气藏气井三项式产能方程[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):81-82.
[5]藤赛男,梁景伟,李元生,等.异常高压气藏常规产能方程评价方法研究[J].油气井测试,2011,20(6):15-19.
[6]姜梅枝.气井二项式产能方程曲线斜率为负值原因分析及方程修正[J].油气井测试,2013,22(2):25-31.
[7]孔祥言.高等渗流力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1999.
[8]R.AL-Hussainy,H.J.Ramey,P.B.Crawford.The Flow of Real Gases Through Porous Media[J].SPE 1966.5:625-634.
[9]翟云芳.渗流力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.
[10]黄炳光.气藏工程与动态分析方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2014.
[11]王怒涛,郭志华,张仕强,等.气井产能分析数据处理新方法[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(2):18-20.
[12]李祖友,杨筱壁,罗东明,等.高压气井二项式产能方程[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(3):62-64.
[13]罗炫,鲁友常,李晓平,等.部分气藏新的气井产能计算方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2010,33(4):32-35.
[14]朱法银,郑国芹.油气井表皮系数及其确定[J].胜利油田职工大学学报,2001,15(2):1-3.
[15]卢德唐.现代试井理论及其应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.
[16]ROBERT A.WATTENBARGER,H.J.RAMEY.Gas Well Testing With Turbulence,Damage and Wellbore Storage[J].SPE,1968.8:877-885.
[17]何更生,唐海.油层物理.[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.
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