淮南煤田含煤岩系沉积相类型特征与演化——以新集井田1001钻孔为例
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摘要
基于淮南煤田新集井田1001钻孔石炭–二叠系太原组、二叠系山西组和下石盒子组岩心观测和样品采集,通过显微镜下鉴定、粒度分析和X射线衍射矿物成分分析,研究淮南煤田含煤岩系沉积相类型特征与演化。结果表明:研究区晚石炭纪早期,海水进退频繁,发育障壁海岸和潮坪沉积体系,泥坪和混合坪微相与局限潮下坪微相共生,总体上发生3次海侵事件,代表陆表海的充填阶段;早二叠世早期,海平面下降,山西组发育三角洲前缘沉积相,远砂坝、河口砂坝、水下分流河道、水下天然堤及分流间湾微相共生,海陆过渡三角洲相在破坏中不断进积;早二叠世末期,下石盒子组发育三角洲平原沉积体系,分流河道、天然堤、泥炭沼泽及分流间洼地微相共生,研究区进入陆相三角洲沉积阶段。
Based on the core observation and sample collection of Carboniferous-Permian Taiyuan Formation, Permian Shanxi Formation and Xiashihezi Formation of well 1001 in Huainan coalfield, we carried out microscopic identification, particle size analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of mineral composition. Based on the results of previous studies and microfacies analysis, we explored the characteristics and evolution of sedimentary facies types of coal-bearing rock series in Huainan coalfield. The results show: during early stage of Late Carboniferous, transgression and regression happened frequently, Taiyuan Formation in the study area developed, barrier coast and tidal flat depositional system, mud flat, mixed flat and limited subtidal flat microfacies coexisted, three large-scale transgressions occurred in general, which represented the filling stage of epeiric sea. During Early Permian the sea level dropped, in the study area, delta front depositional system, distal bar, mouth bar, distributary channel underwater, underwater natural levee and diversion bay microfacies symbiosis developed in Shanxi Formation, the delta continued construction under the destruction. In late stage of Early Permian, in Xiashihezi Formation delta plain depositional system developed, distributary channel, natural levee, peat swamps and swales microfacies coexisted. The study area entered into the continental delta depositional phase.
Based on the core observation and sample collection of Carboniferous-Permian Taiyuan Formation, Permian Shanxi Formation and Xiashihezi Formation of well 1001 in Huainan coalfield, we carried out microscopic identification, particle size analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of mineral composition. Based on the results of previous studies and microfacies analysis, we explored the characteristics and evolution of sedimentary facies types of coal-bearing rock series in Huainan coalfield. The results show: during early stage of Late Carboniferous, transgression and regression happened frequently, Taiyuan Formation in the study area developed, barrier coast and tidal flat depositional system, mud flat, mixed flat and limited subtidal flat microfacies coexisted, three large-scale transgressions occurred in general, which represented the filling stage of epeiric sea. During Early Permian the sea level dropped, in the study area, delta front depositional system, distal bar, mouth bar, distributary channel underwater, underwater natural levee and diversion bay microfacies symbiosis developed in Shanxi Formation, the delta continued construction under the destruction. In late stage of Early Permian, in Xiashihezi Formation delta plain depositional system developed, distributary channel, natural levee, peat swamps and swales microfacies coexisted. The study area entered into the continental delta depositional phase.
引文
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[14]朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:64–79.
[15]李增学,常向春,赵秀丽,等.岩相古地理[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:48–54.
[16]贾强.淮南含煤区上古生界沉积环境演化研究[J].山东煤炭科技,2014,11:152–154.JIA Qiang.Research on evolution of Upper Paleozoic sedimentary environment in Huainan coal bearing area[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014,11:152–154.
[2]李延钧,赵圣贤,黄勇斌,等.四川盆地南部下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩沉积微相研究[J].地质学报,2013,87(8):1137–1148.LI Yanjun,ZHAO Shengxian,HUANG Yongbin,et al.The sedimentary micro-facies study of the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in southern Sichuan basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,87(8):1137–1148.
[3]杨雪飞,王兴志,唐浩,等.四川盆地中部磨溪地区龙王庙组沉积微相研究[J].沉积学报,2015,33(5):973–982.YANG Xuefei,WANG Xingzhi,TANG Hao,et al.Research sedimentary microfacies of the Longwangmiao Formation in Moxi area,central Sichuan basin[J].Acta Sendimentologica Sinica,2015,33(5):973–982.
[4]徐宏杰,胡宝林,刘会虎,等.淮南煤田下二叠统山西组煤系页岩气储层特征及物性成因[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1201–1210.XU Hongjie,HU Baolin,LIU Huihu,et al.Reservior characteristics and its physical origin of shale gas in coal measure in the Lower Permian Shanxi Formation in Huainan coal field[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1201–1210.
[5]蓝昌益,杨本才,彭苏萍.淮南煤田二叠纪含煤岩系主要煤层的成煤环境[J].煤炭学报,1988,13(l):11–22.LAN Changyi,YANG Benchai,PENG Suping.Environment for forming major coal seams of Permian coal bearing series in Huainan coalfield[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1988,13(1):11–22.
[6]朱善金.淮南煤田新集井田二叠纪系煤第Ⅰ、Ⅱ含煤段沉积环境初步分析[J].淮南矿业学院学报,1989(2):14–20.ZHU Shanjin.A preliminary analysis of sedimentary environments of coal-bearing MembersⅠandⅡof the Permain measures in Xinji coal prospect of Huainan coalfield[J].Journal of Huainan Mining Institute,1989(2):14–20.
[7]张新民,李建武,韩保山,等.淮南煤田煤层气藏划分及形成机制[J].科学通报,2005,50(增刊1):6–13.ZHANG Xinmin,LI Jianwu,HAN Baoshan,et al.Huainan coalfield CBM reservoir and formation mechanism[J].2005,50(S1):6–13.
[8]彭苏萍.淮南煤田二叠系第四含煤段花斑状泥岩的特征及成因[J].地质论评,1990,36(4):326–332.PENG Suping.Characteristics and origin of piebald mudstone in Permian Member D in the Huainan coalfield[J].Geological Review,1990,36(4):326–332.
[9]赵杏媛,张有瑜,宋健.中国含油气盆地黏土矿物的某些矿物学特征[J].现代地质,1994,8(3):264–272.ZHAO Xingyuan,ZHANG Youyu,SONG Jian.Some mineralogical characteristics of clay minerals in China oil-bearing basins[J].Geoscience,1994,8(3):264–272.
[10]唐跃刚,任德贻,煤中黄铁矿的成因研究[J].地质论评,1996,42(1):65–69.TANG Yuegang,REN Deyi.The genesis of pyrites in coal[J].Geological Review,1996,42(1):65–69.
[11]王永红,张卫国,刘修锦,等.黄河三角洲不同气候条件下沉积物中胶黄铁矿的形成[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(10):2194–2201.WANG Yonghong,ZHANG Weiguo,LIU Xiujin,et al.Formation of greigite under different climate conditions in the Yellow River delta[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2014,44(10):2194–2201.
[12]ROWAN J C,ROBERTS A P.Magnetite dissolution,diachronous greigite formation,and secondary magnetizations from pyrite oxidation:Unravelling complex magnetizations in Neogene marine sediments from New Zealand[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,241:119–137.
[13]艾莉,强小科,宋友桂,等.青海湖晚更新世沉积物中胶黄铁矿的发现及其环境指示意义[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(9):2309–2316.AI Li,QIANG Xiaoke,SONG Yougui,et al.Identification of greigite in the Late Pleistocene sediments of Qinghai lake and its environmental implications[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(9):2309–2316.
[14]朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:64–79.
[15]李增学,常向春,赵秀丽,等.岩相古地理[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:48–54.
[16]贾强.淮南含煤区上古生界沉积环境演化研究[J].山东煤炭科技,2014,11:152–154.JIA Qiang.Research on evolution of Upper Paleozoic sedimentary environment in Huainan coal bearing area[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014,11:152–154.
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