基于变水速模型驱动的深水水层多次波压制技术研究与应用
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摘要
深水地震资料处理中,水层多次波因深水水层为变速体的特性,无法应用浅水水层多次波压制技术(Shallow Water Multiple Attenuation,SWMA)进行压制,而传统的自由界面多次波压制技术(Surface-Related Multiple Elimination,SRME)压制水层多次波则不具有针对性。为此,开展了基于变水速模型驱动的深水水层多次波压制技术(Deepwater Water-layer Multiple Elimination,DWME)研究。该技术通过构建海底和变水速模型计算出水层多次波准确旅行时,在τ-p域根据水层多次波旅行时将地震数据进行延拓,得到水层多次波模型,然后应用自适应匹配相减方法完成水层多次波压制。理论模型验证及海外某工区实际地震资料应用结果表明,DWME对深水水层多次波压制效果较好,且针对性强。
It is difficult to attenuate deepwater water-layer multiple using the shallow water multiple attenuation(SWMA)method or the conventional surface-related multiple elimination(SRME)method,because the deepwater water-layer velocity is not constant.This paper proposes a deepwater water-layer multiple elimination(DWME)method driven by a variable water velocity model.The method first estimates the water-layer multiple travel-time by building the sea bottom model and variable water velocity model.Then,seismic data wave field extrapolation is performed according to the estimated travel-time in theτ-pdomain to predict water-layer multiple.Finally,the adaptive matching subtraction is applied to eliminate the multiples.Testing results on both synthetic data and field data show that the DWME can effectively suppress deepwater water-layer multiples.
It is difficult to attenuate deepwater water-layer multiple using the shallow water multiple attenuation(SWMA)method or the conventional surface-related multiple elimination(SRME)method,because the deepwater water-layer velocity is not constant.This paper proposes a deepwater water-layer multiple elimination(DWME)method driven by a variable water velocity model.The method first estimates the water-layer multiple travel-time by building the sea bottom model and variable water velocity model.Then,seismic data wave field extrapolation is performed according to the estimated travel-time in theτ-pdomain to predict water-layer multiple.Finally,the adaptive matching subtraction is applied to eliminate the multiples.Testing results on both synthetic data and field data show that the DWME can effectively suppress deepwater water-layer multiples.
引文
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[14]李键,王修田.炮集域压制海水鸣震的变换法[J].中国海洋大学学报,2008,38(1):121-124LI J,WANG X T.Using transform to attenuate sea water multiple wave in shot gather domain[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2008,38(1):121-124
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[16]吴律,武克奋,孙力.变换方法及其在地震资料处理中的应用(1)[J].石油物探,1986,25(1):37-53WU L,WU K F,SUN L.The method of transformation and its application in seismic data processing,part 1[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1986,25(1):37-53
[17]BERKHOUT A J.Removal of internal multiples with the common-focus-point approach,part 1:explanation of the theory[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):45-60
[18]FOSTER D J,MOSHER C C.Suppression of multiple reflection using the Radon transform[J].Geophysics,1992,57(3):386-395
[19]LU W.Adaptive multiple subtraction using independent component analysis[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):179-184
[20]马继涛,陈小宏,姚逢昌,等.倾角分解多次波自适应相减方法研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(4):356-361MA J T,CHEN X H,YAO F C,et al.Multiple self-adaptive subtraction based on dip decomposition[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(4):356-361
[21]王承曙,张裕平.自适应的最小平方反褶积及在地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1987,30(3):307-317WANG C S,ZHANG Y P.Adaptive least square deconvolution and application to seismic prospecting[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1987,30(3):307-317
[22]印兴耀,刘晓晶,吴国忱,等.模型约束基追踪反演方法[J].石油物探,2016,55(1):116-122YIN X Y,LIU X J,WU G C,et al.Basis pursuit inversion method under model constraint[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(1):115-122
[2]吕福亮,贺训云,武金云,等.世界深水油气勘探形势分析及对我国深水油气勘探的启示[J].海洋石油,2007,27(3):41-45LU F L,HE X Y,WU J Y,et al.The current situation and trend of deepwater oil and gas exploration of the world and the inspiration for us[J].Offshore Oil,2007,27(3):41-45
[3]白云程,周晓惠,万群,等.世界深水油气勘探现状及面临的挑战[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(2):7-10BAI Y C,ZHOU X H,WAN Q,et al.The current situation and challenge of deepwater oil and gas exploration of the world[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(2):7-10
[4]WEGLEIN A B.Multiple attenuation:an overview of recent advances and the road ahead[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(1):40-44
[5]田继强,胡天跃.反馈迭代法在自由表面多次波压制中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):449-454TIAN J Q,HU T Y.Application of feedback iteration on surface-related multiple suppression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(5):449-454
[6]BERKHOUT A J,VERSCHUUR D J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part I:theoretical considerations[J].Geophysics,1997,62(8):1586-1595
[7]孙维蔷,王华忠.基于平面波编码的水体相关多次波压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2016,55(4):516-523SUN W Q,WANG H Z.Water-layer related multiple suppression based on plane-wave coding[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(4):516-523
[8]牛滨华,沈操,黄新武.波动方程多次波压制技术的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(3):480-485NIU B H,SHEN C,HUANG X W.Progress in multiple attenuation techniques based on wave equation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2002,17(3):480-485
[9]王建立,王真理,张洪宙,等.海上多次波的联合衰减法[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2070-2078WANG J L,WANG Z L,ZHANG H Z,et al.A joint technique of multiple attenuation for offshore seismic data processing[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(6):2070-2078
[10]马继涛,MRINAL S K,陈小宏,等.海底电缆多次波压制方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(11):2960-2966MA J T,MRINAL S K,CHEN X H,et al.OBC multiple attenuation technique study[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(11):2960-2966
[11]张治忠,李三福,方中于,等.SWMA与SRME组合衰减自由界面多次波技术——在珠江口盆地A区的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2016,38(2):244-251ZHANG Z Z,LI S F,FANG Z Y,et al.The combination of SWMA and SRME for surface-related multiple attenuation:case study in the A block of the Zhu Jiangkou basin[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,38(2):244-251
[12]李鹏.复杂介质多次波处理方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2007:125-201LI P.Multiple processing method research in complex media[D].Beijing:China International Geology And Geophysics Institute,2007:125-201
[13]刘清林,何樵登.Tau-p变换与Tau-p域偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):171-187LIU Q L,HE Q D.Tau-p transform and migration in Tau-p domain[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,23(2):171-187
[14]李键,王修田.炮集域压制海水鸣震的变换法[J].中国海洋大学学报,2008,38(1):121-124LI J,WANG X T.Using transform to attenuate sea water multiple wave in shot gather domain[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2008,38(1):121-124
[15]江则荣,姜绍仁,夏戡原.Tau-p变换若干问题的讨论及其在反演声纳浮标资料中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):130-143JIANG Z R,JIANG S R,XIA K Y.The discussion on some problems of Tau-p transform and its application to the inversion of sonar buoy data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1989,24(2):130-143
[16]吴律,武克奋,孙力.变换方法及其在地震资料处理中的应用(1)[J].石油物探,1986,25(1):37-53WU L,WU K F,SUN L.The method of transformation and its application in seismic data processing,part 1[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1986,25(1):37-53
[17]BERKHOUT A J.Removal of internal multiples with the common-focus-point approach,part 1:explanation of the theory[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):45-60
[18]FOSTER D J,MOSHER C C.Suppression of multiple reflection using the Radon transform[J].Geophysics,1992,57(3):386-395
[19]LU W.Adaptive multiple subtraction using independent component analysis[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):179-184
[20]马继涛,陈小宏,姚逢昌,等.倾角分解多次波自适应相减方法研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(4):356-361MA J T,CHEN X H,YAO F C,et al.Multiple self-adaptive subtraction based on dip decomposition[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(4):356-361
[21]王承曙,张裕平.自适应的最小平方反褶积及在地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1987,30(3):307-317WANG C S,ZHANG Y P.Adaptive least square deconvolution and application to seismic prospecting[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1987,30(3):307-317
[22]印兴耀,刘晓晶,吴国忱,等.模型约束基追踪反演方法[J].石油物探,2016,55(1):116-122YIN X Y,LIU X J,WU G C,et al.Basis pursuit inversion method under model constraint[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(1):115-122
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