冻融对饱和渠基土物理力学性质的影响
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摘要
冻融作用一直是寒区渠道破坏的主要诱因,为探究冻融作用对饱和粉质粘土物理力学性质的影响规律,在低温环境模拟试验箱内,对饱和土进行0~11次冻融后,结合室内土工试验,并用灰色关联度对其各项性质间交互影响效应进行分析。结果表明:随冻融循环次数的增加,饱和土黏聚力以单指数函数形式逐渐降低,内摩擦角逐渐升高。冻融作用对黏聚力的影响在初次冻融后衰减明显;损伤比系数Kφ、KC与冻融循环次数关系可分别用对数函数和指数函数描述;导热系数、平均干密度与冻融循环次数呈负相关关系,而平均孔隙率、渗透系数与冻融循环次数呈正相关关系;与冻融作用相比,平均孔隙率对黏聚力、导热系数、平均干密度和渗透系数的变化影响相对较大;对于单个试样而言,物理性质对力学性质的改变影响由大到小为:平均孔隙率、平均干密度、渗透系数、导热系数。
Freezing-thawing effect is the main inducement for the damage of channel in cold region,and the different forms of damage caused by it have seriously restricted the grain production. To explore the influence of freeze-thaw on physical and mechanical properties of saturated silty clay,after 0 ~ 11 cycles for saturated soil in the low temperature environment simulation test chamber,indoor geotechnical engineering test was applied,and grey correlation degree was used to analyze the interaction effect of soil properties and the following conclusions were drawn: with the increase of freeze-thaw cycle times,the cohesive force of saturated soil was decreased gradually with the form of single exponential function and the internal friction angle was increased gradually. The effect of freeze-thaw on cohesion was obviously attenuated after initial freezing and thawing. With the increase of freezing and thawing cycles,the damage coefficient Kφwas in a logarithmic function form change and the KCwas in an exponential function form change. The coefficient of thermal conductivity and average dry density was negatively correlated with freeze-thaw cycle times,whereas the average porosity rate and permeability coefficient were positively correlated with freeze-thaw cycle times. Compared with the freeze-thaw action,the average porosity rate had a greater influence on the cohesion force,thermal conductivity,average dry density and permeability coefficient. For a single specimen,the influence of physical properties on the change of mechanical properties was in a descending order of average porosity,average dry density,permeability coefficient and thermal conductivity.
Freezing-thawing effect is the main inducement for the damage of channel in cold region,and the different forms of damage caused by it have seriously restricted the grain production. To explore the influence of freeze-thaw on physical and mechanical properties of saturated silty clay,after 0 ~ 11 cycles for saturated soil in the low temperature environment simulation test chamber,indoor geotechnical engineering test was applied,and grey correlation degree was used to analyze the interaction effect of soil properties and the following conclusions were drawn: with the increase of freeze-thaw cycle times,the cohesive force of saturated soil was decreased gradually with the form of single exponential function and the internal friction angle was increased gradually. The effect of freeze-thaw on cohesion was obviously attenuated after initial freezing and thawing. With the increase of freezing and thawing cycles,the damage coefficient Kφwas in a logarithmic function form change and the KCwas in an exponential function form change. The coefficient of thermal conductivity and average dry density was negatively correlated with freeze-thaw cycle times,whereas the average porosity rate and permeability coefficient were positively correlated with freeze-thaw cycle times. Compared with the freeze-thaw action,the average porosity rate had a greater influence on the cohesion force,thermal conductivity,average dry density and permeability coefficient. For a single specimen,the influence of physical properties on the change of mechanical properties was in a descending order of average porosity,average dry density,permeability coefficient and thermal conductivity.
引文
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3胡田飞,刘建坤,房建宏,等.冻融循环下冷却温度对粉质黏土力学性质影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(7):1757-1767.HU Tianfei,LIU Jiankun,FANG Jianhong,et al.Experimental study on the effect of cyclic freezing-thawing on mechanical properties of silty clay under different cooling temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(7):1757-1767.(in Chinese)
4肖东辉,马巍,张泽,等.冻融与静荷载双重作用下土体中水分场变化规律模型试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(5):155-160.XIAO Donghui,MA Wei,ZHANG Ze,et al.Model test on moisture's change law in the soil subjected to freezing-thawing and static load actions[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2016,43(5):155-160.(in Chinese)
5张英,邴慧.基于压汞法的冻融循环对土体孔隙特征影响的试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(1):171-173.ZHANG Ying,BING Hui.Experimental study of the effect of freezing-thawing cycles on porosity characters of silty clay by using mercury intrusion porosimetry[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2015,37(1):171-173.(in Chinese)
6夏祥友,王恩姮,杨小燕,等.模拟冻融循环对黑土黏化层孔隙结构的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(6):70-76.XIA Xiangyou,WANG Enheng,YANG Xiaoyan,et al.Pore characteristics of mollisol argillic horizon under simulated freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2015,37(6):70-76.(in Chinese)
7 VIKLANDER P.Permeability and volume changes in till due to cyclic freeze/thaw[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,35(3):471-477.
8肖东辉,冯文杰,张泽,等.冻融循环对兰州黄土渗透性变化的影响[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(5):1192-1198.XIAO Donghui,FENG Wenjie,ZHANG Ze,et al.Research on the Lanzhou loess's permeabilities changing with freezing and thawing cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(5):1192-1198.(in Chinese)
9肖东辉,冯文杰,张泽.冻融循环作用下黄土孔隙率变化规律[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(4):907-912.XIAO Donghui,FENG Wenjie,ZHANG Ze.The changing rule of loess's porosity under freezing-thawing cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(4):907-912.(in Chinese)
10马骏骅,马可,徐贵娃.冻融循环作用下黄土状土孔隙分布分形几何研究[J].煤炭工程,2012(增刊2):129-132.MA Junye,MA Ke,XU Guiwa.Fractal geometry study on pore distribution of loess soil under freeze-thaw cycles[J].Coal Engineering,2012(Supp.2):129-132.(in Chinese)
11王铁行,杨涛,鲁洁.干密度及冻融循环对黄土渗透性的各向异性影响[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增刊1):72-78.WANG Tiexing,YANG Tao,LU Jie.Influence of dry density and freezing-thawing cycles on anisotropic permeability of loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.1):72-78.(in Chinese)
12张婷,杨平.不同因素对浅表土导热系数影响的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(6):1233-1238.ZHANG Ting,YANG Ping.Effect of different factors on the heat conduction coefficient of shallow top soil[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012,8(6):1233-1238.(in Chinese)
13俞亚南,徐坚,冯建江.粉性土导热系数的室内实验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2010,44(1):180-183.YU Ya'nan,XU Jian,FENG Jianjiang.Laboratory experiment on thermal conductivity of silty clay[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2010,44(1):180-183.(in Chinese)
14卢肇钧.粘性土抗剪强度研究的现状与展望[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(4):3-9.LU Zhaojun.Problems on the research of shear strength of clayey soils[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(4):3-9.(in Chinese)
15于琳琳,徐学燕,邱明国,等.冻融作用对饱和粉质黏土抗剪性能的影响[J].岩土力学,2010,31(8):2448-2452.YU Linlin,XU Xueyan,QIU Mingguo,et al.Influence of freeze-thaw on shear strength properties of saturated silty clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(8):2448-2452.(in Chinese)
16王大雁,马巍,常小晓,等.冻融循环作用对青藏粘土物理力学性质的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4313-4319.WANG Dayan,MA Wei,CHANG Xiaoxiao,et al.Physico-mechanical properties changes of Qinghai-Tibet clay due to cyclic freezing and thawing[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(23):4313-4319.(in Chinese)
17王硕,刘占辉.非饱和重塑黄土抗剪强度影响因素的试验研究[J].石家庄铁道大学学报:自然科学版,2010,23(3):86-89.WANG Shuo,LIU Zhanhui.Performance test analysis of steel slag admixed with fly-ash pavement base course[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University:Natural Science Edition,2010,23(3):86-89.(in Chinese)
18汪恩良,姜海强,李冬凯,等.冻融循环模拟试验箱的研制与应用[J].低温与超导,2017,45(7):86-91.WANG Enliang,JIANG Haiqiang,LI Dongkai,et al.Development and application of simulation chamber for freezing and thawing cycle[J].Cryogenics&Superconductivity,2017,45(7):86-91.(in Chinese)
19丁德文,罗学波.冻土热工模型实验的理论基础[J].科学通报,1979(8):360-364.
20魏先祥,赖远明.相似方法的原理及应用[M].兰州:兰州大学出版社,2001:1-38.
21王天亮,卜建清,王扬,等.多次冻融条件下土体的融沉性质研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(4):625-632.WANG Tianliang,BU Jianqing,WANG Yang,et al.Thaw subsidence properties of soils under repeated freeze-thaw cycles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(4):625-632.(in Chinese)
22肖俊波,孙宝洋,李占斌,等.冻融循环对风沙土物理性质及抗冲性的影响试验[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):67-71.XIAO Junbo,SUN Baoyang,LI Zhanbin,et al.Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on aeolian sand soil physcial properties and soil antiscouribility[J].Journal of Soil and Water Convervation,2017,31(2):67-71.(in Chinese)
23 GANDAH L R.The damaging effects of frost action in roads over view of types of damage and preventive measures,VTI Report No.230[R].Linkoping Sweden:Swedish Road and Traffic Research Institute,1980.
24杨成松,何平,程国栋,等.冻融作用对土体干容重和含水量影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增刊2):2695-2699.YANG Chengsong,HE Ping,CHENG Guodong,et al.Testing study on influence of freezing and thawing on dry density and water content of soil[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2695-2699.(in Chinese)
25宋春霞.冻融作用对土物理力学性质影响的试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2007.SONG Chunxia.Experimental study of the freeze-thaw effects on physical and mechanical properties of soils[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
26毕贵权,张侠,李国玉,等.冻融循环对黄土物理力学性质影响的试验[J].兰州理工大学学报,2010,36(2):114-117.BI Guiquan,ZHANG Xia,LI Guoyu,et al.Experiment of impact freezing-thawing cycle on physico-mechanical properties of loess[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2010,36(2):114-117.(in Chinese)
2陈军锋,郑秀清,臧红飞,等.季节性冻融期灌水对土壤温度与冻融特性的影响[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(3):104-109.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20130319&flag=1.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.03.019.CHEN Junfeng,ZHENG Xiuqing,ZANG Hongfei,et al.Effect of irrigation on soil temperature and soil freeze-thaw characteristics during seasonal freeze-thaw period[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(3):104-109.(in Chinese)
3胡田飞,刘建坤,房建宏,等.冻融循环下冷却温度对粉质黏土力学性质影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(7):1757-1767.HU Tianfei,LIU Jiankun,FANG Jianhong,et al.Experimental study on the effect of cyclic freezing-thawing on mechanical properties of silty clay under different cooling temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(7):1757-1767.(in Chinese)
4肖东辉,马巍,张泽,等.冻融与静荷载双重作用下土体中水分场变化规律模型试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(5):155-160.XIAO Donghui,MA Wei,ZHANG Ze,et al.Model test on moisture's change law in the soil subjected to freezing-thawing and static load actions[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2016,43(5):155-160.(in Chinese)
5张英,邴慧.基于压汞法的冻融循环对土体孔隙特征影响的试验研究[J].冰川冻土,2015,37(1):171-173.ZHANG Ying,BING Hui.Experimental study of the effect of freezing-thawing cycles on porosity characters of silty clay by using mercury intrusion porosimetry[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2015,37(1):171-173.(in Chinese)
6夏祥友,王恩姮,杨小燕,等.模拟冻融循环对黑土黏化层孔隙结构的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(6):70-76.XIA Xiangyou,WANG Enheng,YANG Xiaoyan,et al.Pore characteristics of mollisol argillic horizon under simulated freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2015,37(6):70-76.(in Chinese)
7 VIKLANDER P.Permeability and volume changes in till due to cyclic freeze/thaw[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,35(3):471-477.
8肖东辉,冯文杰,张泽,等.冻融循环对兰州黄土渗透性变化的影响[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(5):1192-1198.XIAO Donghui,FENG Wenjie,ZHANG Ze,et al.Research on the Lanzhou loess's permeabilities changing with freezing and thawing cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(5):1192-1198.(in Chinese)
9肖东辉,冯文杰,张泽.冻融循环作用下黄土孔隙率变化规律[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(4):907-912.XIAO Donghui,FENG Wenjie,ZHANG Ze.The changing rule of loess's porosity under freezing-thawing cycles[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(4):907-912.(in Chinese)
10马骏骅,马可,徐贵娃.冻融循环作用下黄土状土孔隙分布分形几何研究[J].煤炭工程,2012(增刊2):129-132.MA Junye,MA Ke,XU Guiwa.Fractal geometry study on pore distribution of loess soil under freeze-thaw cycles[J].Coal Engineering,2012(Supp.2):129-132.(in Chinese)
11王铁行,杨涛,鲁洁.干密度及冻融循环对黄土渗透性的各向异性影响[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增刊1):72-78.WANG Tiexing,YANG Tao,LU Jie.Influence of dry density and freezing-thawing cycles on anisotropic permeability of loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.1):72-78.(in Chinese)
12张婷,杨平.不同因素对浅表土导热系数影响的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(6):1233-1238.ZHANG Ting,YANG Ping.Effect of different factors on the heat conduction coefficient of shallow top soil[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012,8(6):1233-1238.(in Chinese)
13俞亚南,徐坚,冯建江.粉性土导热系数的室内实验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2010,44(1):180-183.YU Ya'nan,XU Jian,FENG Jianjiang.Laboratory experiment on thermal conductivity of silty clay[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2010,44(1):180-183.(in Chinese)
14卢肇钧.粘性土抗剪强度研究的现状与展望[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(4):3-9.LU Zhaojun.Problems on the research of shear strength of clayey soils[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(4):3-9.(in Chinese)
15于琳琳,徐学燕,邱明国,等.冻融作用对饱和粉质黏土抗剪性能的影响[J].岩土力学,2010,31(8):2448-2452.YU Linlin,XU Xueyan,QIU Mingguo,et al.Influence of freeze-thaw on shear strength properties of saturated silty clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(8):2448-2452.(in Chinese)
16王大雁,马巍,常小晓,等.冻融循环作用对青藏粘土物理力学性质的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(23):4313-4319.WANG Dayan,MA Wei,CHANG Xiaoxiao,et al.Physico-mechanical properties changes of Qinghai-Tibet clay due to cyclic freezing and thawing[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(23):4313-4319.(in Chinese)
17王硕,刘占辉.非饱和重塑黄土抗剪强度影响因素的试验研究[J].石家庄铁道大学学报:自然科学版,2010,23(3):86-89.WANG Shuo,LIU Zhanhui.Performance test analysis of steel slag admixed with fly-ash pavement base course[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University:Natural Science Edition,2010,23(3):86-89.(in Chinese)
18汪恩良,姜海强,李冬凯,等.冻融循环模拟试验箱的研制与应用[J].低温与超导,2017,45(7):86-91.WANG Enliang,JIANG Haiqiang,LI Dongkai,et al.Development and application of simulation chamber for freezing and thawing cycle[J].Cryogenics&Superconductivity,2017,45(7):86-91.(in Chinese)
19丁德文,罗学波.冻土热工模型实验的理论基础[J].科学通报,1979(8):360-364.
20魏先祥,赖远明.相似方法的原理及应用[M].兰州:兰州大学出版社,2001:1-38.
21王天亮,卜建清,王扬,等.多次冻融条件下土体的融沉性质研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(4):625-632.WANG Tianliang,BU Jianqing,WANG Yang,et al.Thaw subsidence properties of soils under repeated freeze-thaw cycles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(4):625-632.(in Chinese)
22肖俊波,孙宝洋,李占斌,等.冻融循环对风沙土物理性质及抗冲性的影响试验[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):67-71.XIAO Junbo,SUN Baoyang,LI Zhanbin,et al.Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on aeolian sand soil physcial properties and soil antiscouribility[J].Journal of Soil and Water Convervation,2017,31(2):67-71.(in Chinese)
23 GANDAH L R.The damaging effects of frost action in roads over view of types of damage and preventive measures,VTI Report No.230[R].Linkoping Sweden:Swedish Road and Traffic Research Institute,1980.
24杨成松,何平,程国栋,等.冻融作用对土体干容重和含水量影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增刊2):2695-2699.YANG Chengsong,HE Ping,CHENG Guodong,et al.Testing study on influence of freezing and thawing on dry density and water content of soil[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2695-2699.(in Chinese)
25宋春霞.冻融作用对土物理力学性质影响的试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2007.SONG Chunxia.Experimental study of the freeze-thaw effects on physical and mechanical properties of soils[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
26毕贵权,张侠,李国玉,等.冻融循环对黄土物理力学性质影响的试验[J].兰州理工大学学报,2010,36(2):114-117.BI Guiquan,ZHANG Xia,LI Guoyu,et al.Experiment of impact freezing-thawing cycle on physico-mechanical properties of loess[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2010,36(2):114-117.(in Chinese)
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