三角洲水下分流河道砂体地震预测方法研究——以塔河油田三叠系河道砂岩为例
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摘要
塔河地区三叠系阿克库勒组发育三角洲前缘水下分流河道。河道砂体与低幅度构造匹配,形成了低幅度构造岩性复合圈闭。但由于河道砂体横向迁移变化快、砂体厚度薄、非均质强等原因,对储层预测精度提出了更高的要求,也制约了开发效果。基于此,笔者利用新采集的高精度三维资料,在模型正演、反射特征分析基础上,进行层序格架约束下多种属性提取,并结合地层切片等方法,明确了该地区河道砂地震反射特征类型,准确刻画了河道边界形态,最终完成河道期次划分,储层厚度预测。研究结果表明:应用多属性分析、地层切片等方法能准确识别河道边界,划分河道期次,提高储层预测精度。
Akekule Formation of Triassic developed delta front subaqueous distributary channels in Tahe area. The channel sand matched with the low amplitude structure and formed low amplitude structural lithologic complex traps.However,due to the rapid change of the lateral migration of the channel,thin sand,strong heterogeneity,and other factors,the reservoir prediction accuracy needs higher requirements,which restricts the development effectiveness.In view of such a situation,the authors used the high precision 3 D data and,on the basis of forward modeling and reflection analysis,extracted multiple attributes under the constraint of sequence frame. In combination with stratigraphic slice method,the authors clearly determined seismic reflection characteristics in this area,described the river boundary form,divided the river stage and predicted the thickness of river channel.The results show that the application of multiple attributes analysis and stratigraphic slice can accurately identify the boundary of river channel,and divide the period of river channel to improve the accuracy of reservoir prediction.
Akekule Formation of Triassic developed delta front subaqueous distributary channels in Tahe area. The channel sand matched with the low amplitude structure and formed low amplitude structural lithologic complex traps.However,due to the rapid change of the lateral migration of the channel,thin sand,strong heterogeneity,and other factors,the reservoir prediction accuracy needs higher requirements,which restricts the development effectiveness.In view of such a situation,the authors used the high precision 3 D data and,on the basis of forward modeling and reflection analysis,extracted multiple attributes under the constraint of sequence frame. In combination with stratigraphic slice method,the authors clearly determined seismic reflection characteristics in this area,described the river boundary form,divided the river stage and predicted the thickness of river channel.The results show that the application of multiple attributes analysis and stratigraphic slice can accurately identify the boundary of river channel,and divide the period of river channel to improve the accuracy of reservoir prediction.
引文
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[16]李雪英,李东庆,白诗缘.薄层研究方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2197-2203.
[17]孙鲁平,郑晓东,首皓,等.薄层地震峰值频率与厚度关系研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):254-259.
[2]瞿杰.河道砂岩体地震反射特征及形成条件分析[J].石油物探,1987,26(3):63-73.
[3]王世瑞,王树平,狄帮让,等.基于地震属性特征的河道砂体预测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(3):304-313.
[4]曹卿荣,李佩,孙凯,等.应用地震属性分析技术刻画河道砂体[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2):93-96.
[5]武恒志,叶泰然,赵迪,等.川西坳陷陆相致密气藏河道砂岩储层靖西刻画技术及应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):230-239.
[6]Sun L P,Zheng X D,Shou H,et al.Quantitative prediction of channel sand bodies based on seismic peak attributes in the frequency domain and its application.Applied Geophysics,7(1):10-17.
[7]林忠民,石媛媛.塔河油田三叠系复杂圈闭勘探难点及对策[J].中南大学学报,2006,37(1):80-84.
[8]云露,闫文新,赵江.阿克库勒凸起成藏地质条件及控油规律[J].新疆地质,2001,19(4):305-308.
[9]石玉,李宗杰.塔河油田三叠系岩性圈闭识别与评价技术[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(3):375-378.
[10]张春雷,王新民,郭彦如,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区延长组地质模型地震正演研究[J].石油天然气学报:江汉石油学院学报,2008,30(6):257-259.
[11]张永刚.地震波场数值模拟方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):128-143.
[12]Borwn A R.地震属性及其分类[J].严又生,译.国外油气勘探,1997,9(4):529-530.
[13]Zeng H L,Tucker F,Hentz.High-frequency sequence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology:Applied to Miocene,Vermilion Block50,Tiger Shoal area,offshore Louisiana[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[14]Zeng H L,Henry S C,John P R.Stratal slicing part II:Real 3D seismic data[J].Geopgysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[15]Widess M B.How thin is a thin bed?[J].Geophysics,1973,38(9):1176-1180.
[16]李雪英,李东庆,白诗缘.薄层研究方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2197-2203.
[17]孙鲁平,郑晓东,首皓,等.薄层地震峰值频率与厚度关系研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):254-259.
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