基于Marx和LTD拓扑的全固态复合模式脉冲源的研制
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摘要
针对不同应用领域中负载阻抗的多样性,研制一种基于Marx和直线型变压器驱动源(LTD)拓扑的复合模式脉冲源。该脉冲源包含4个LTD模块,且每个LTD模块由1个3级Marx电路组成。其主要优点是可以降低对隔离电源模块、触发同步性的要求,负载适应能力强,并且可使脉冲装置小型化。首先对该脉冲源拓扑结构和参数进行设计和理论计算,并采用PSpice软件验证其可行性,最后研制复合模式脉冲源的样机并测试其性能。该脉冲源采用MOSFET作为主开关,二极管作为隔离元件,用含锁相环功能的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)产生控制信号。该脉冲源的输出脉冲参数:幅值为0~8 kV,脉宽为60~160 ns,脉宽步进可达1 ns,重复频率为1 kHz,上升沿约10 ns。通过FPGA产生相移控制信号对该脉冲源的每级进行单独控制,可实现对输出脉冲上升沿和下降沿的灵活调节。脉冲源采用模块化设计,可以通过增加模块数量方便地提高最大输出电压。
To adapt various load conditions, a mixed pulse generator based on Marx and linear transformer driver(LTD) topologies is designed. It contains four LTD modules, each of which is made by a three-stage Marx circuit. The generator can reduce the demand for the isolated power source and the trigger signals' synchronism, and miniature the device. In this paper, the design and calculation about the generator was proposed, and verified by PSpice software. At last, the prototype of the generator was made and experiments were carried out to test its performance. MOSFETs and diodes are used as the main switch, isolate element, respectively. The control signals were produced by the FPGA which involves phase locked loop. Herein, the output voltage is 0~8 kV, pulsewidth is 60~160 ns with a step size of 1 ns, repetition frequency is 0~1 kHz, and rise time is about 10 ns. The rise and fall time of the output can be adjusted flexibly through FPGA's independent phase shift control to each stage. Moreover, the pulse generator is modularized, with which the maximum output voltage can be easily increased by adding more modules.
To adapt various load conditions, a mixed pulse generator based on Marx and linear transformer driver(LTD) topologies is designed. It contains four LTD modules, each of which is made by a three-stage Marx circuit. The generator can reduce the demand for the isolated power source and the trigger signals' synchronism, and miniature the device. In this paper, the design and calculation about the generator was proposed, and verified by PSpice software. At last, the prototype of the generator was made and experiments were carried out to test its performance. MOSFETs and diodes are used as the main switch, isolate element, respectively. The control signals were produced by the FPGA which involves phase locked loop. Herein, the output voltage is 0~8 kV, pulsewidth is 60~160 ns with a step size of 1 ns, repetition frequency is 0~1 kHz, and rise time is about 10 ns. The rise and fall time of the output can be adjusted flexibly through FPGA's independent phase shift control to each stage. Moreover, the pulse generator is modularized, with which the maximum output voltage can be easily increased by adding more modules.
引文
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[17]熊兰,马龙,胡国辉,等.具有负载普适性的高压双极性方波脉冲源研制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):51-60.Xiong Lan,Ma Long,Hu Guohui,et al.A newly highvoltage square bipolar pulse generator for various loads[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):51-60.
[18]Jiang Weihua.Solid-state LTD module using power MOSFETs[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2010,38(10):2730-2733.
[19]王勐,周良骥,邹文康,等.混合模式直线型变压器驱动源模块[J].强激光与粒子束,2012,24(5):1239-1243.Wang Meng,Zhou Liangji,Zou Wenkang,et al.Mixedmode LTD module[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2012,24(5):1239-1243.
[20]Kazemi M R,Sugai T,Tokuchi A,et al.Waveform control of pulsed-power generator based on solid-state LTD[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2017,45(2):247-251.
[2]郭飞,李成祥,唐贤伦,等.冲激辐射天线实现皮秒脉冲电场在人体大脑模型中聚焦的研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(3):195-202.Guo Fei,Li Chengxiang,Tang Xianlun,et al.Focusing of picosecond pulsed electric fields in human brain model with impulse radiating antenna[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(3):195-202.
[3]Gad A,Jayaram S H,Pritzker M.Performance of electrode materials during food processing by pulsed electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2014,42(10):3161-3166.
[4]Elserougi A A,Massoud A M,Ahmed S.A modular highvoltage pulse-generator with sequential charging for water treatment applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(12):7898-7907.
[5]Shao Tao,Huang Weimin,Li Wenfeng,et al.A cascaded microsecond-pulse generator for discharge applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2014,42(6):1721-1728.
[6]Reddy C S,Sharma A,Mittal K C.Experimental investigations into pulse-charged spark gap recovery times and influencing factors[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(3):331-337.
[7]Rao Junfeng,Li Zi,Xia Kun,et al.An all solid-state repetitive high-voltage rectangular pulse generator based on magnetic switch[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):1976-1982.
[8]杨广羽,马玉新,傅亚光,等.光电耦合MOS栅固态继电器回路研究与误触发改进措施[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(15):135-141.Yang Guangyu,Ma Yuxin,Fu Yaguang,et al.Research of photoelectric MOS gate solid state relay circuit and spurious triggering improvement[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(15):135-141.
[9]Yao Chenguo,Dong Shoulong,Zhao Yajun,et al.Highfrequency composite pulse generator based on full-bridge inverter and soft switching for biological applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(5):2730-2737.
[10]Elserougi A A,Abdelsalam I,Massoud A M,et al.A fullbridge submodule-based modular unipolar/bipolar highvoltage pulse generator with sequential charging of capacitors[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2017,45(1):91-99.
[11]Jiang Weihua,Sugiyama H,Tokuchi A.Pulsed power generation by solid-state LTD[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2014,42(11):3603-3608.
[12]米彦,张晏源,储贻道,等.基于非平衡Blumlein型多层微带传输线的高压纳秒脉冲发生器[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(11):100-109.Mi Yan,Zhang Yanyuan,Chu Yidao,et al.High voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on non-balanced Blumlein type multilayered micro strip transmission line[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(11):100-109.
[13]朱雨翔,兰生.基于磁开关的低频高压脉冲电源的设计与仿真[J].电气技术,2016,17(1):42-45.Zhu Yuxiang,Lan Sheng.Design and simulation of a low frequency high voltage pulse source based on the theory of magnetic pulse compression[J].Electrical Engineering,2016,17(1):42-45.
[14]董守龙,姚陈果,杨楠,等.基于Marx电路的全固态纳秒脉冲等离子体射流装置的研制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):35-44.Dong Shoulong,Yao Chenguo,Yang Nan,et al.The development of solid-state nanosecond pulsed plasma jet apparatus based on Marx structure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):35-44.
[15]Zhang Dongdong,Zhou Yuan,Wang Jue,et al.A compact,high repetition-rate,nanosecond pulse generator based on magnetic pulse compression system[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2011,18(4):1151-1157.
[16]姚陈果,章锡明,李成祥,等.基于现场可编程门阵列的全固态高压ns脉冲发生器[J].高电压技术,2012,38(4):929-934.Yao Chenguo,Zhang Ximing,Li Chengxiang,et al.All solid-state high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on FPGA[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(4):929-934.
[17]熊兰,马龙,胡国辉,等.具有负载普适性的高压双极性方波脉冲源研制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):51-60.Xiong Lan,Ma Long,Hu Guohui,et al.A newly highvoltage square bipolar pulse generator for various loads[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):51-60.
[18]Jiang Weihua.Solid-state LTD module using power MOSFETs[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2010,38(10):2730-2733.
[19]王勐,周良骥,邹文康,等.混合模式直线型变压器驱动源模块[J].强激光与粒子束,2012,24(5):1239-1243.Wang Meng,Zhou Liangji,Zou Wenkang,et al.Mixedmode LTD module[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2012,24(5):1239-1243.
[20]Kazemi M R,Sugai T,Tokuchi A,et al.Waveform control of pulsed-power generator based on solid-state LTD[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2017,45(2):247-251.
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