碳酸盐岩水平井酸化模式及工艺参数优化研究
|
摘要
水平井油层区域跨度大、非均质性强,钻、完井及开采过程中受到的伤害表现出强烈的非均质性特征,常规笼统酸化效率低。围绕非均质碳酸盐岩储层水平井高效酸化所面临的技术瓶颈,提出了以伤害特征描述、酸化模式优选和工艺参数优化为依据的水平井高效酸化设计方法;并建立了一套集水平井钻井伤害模拟、不同酸化工艺和模式改造方法、酸化效果后评估的三维精细化数学模型。采用以上设计方法和数学模型,针对某水平井为例,展开了系统的模拟研究。研究表明,该水平井伤害程度在三维空间中表现极不均匀。采用强度为0.5 m~3/m的转向酸体系分别按笼统酸化、分段酸化和局部酸化进行模拟分析,其中局部改造效果好于其它两种酸化模式,综合表皮系数由4.717降至-0.083。同时,以局部酸化模式中第4小段为例进行了工艺参数优化设计,其中优化注酸排量为2 m~3/min,酸液用量为66 m~3。通过研究,能够有效帮助解决碳酸盐岩水平井长井段基质酸化效果不理想的现状,使可控参数(如施工参数)和不可控参数(如地层参数)达到优化组合,实现合理、高效布酸目的。
The horizontal well has the charecteristics of large span and strong heterogeneity, the damage caused by drilling, comple-tion and exploitation is characterized by strong heterogeneity, and the efficiency of the general acidizing is low. Considering the ex-isting technical bottleneck, we proposed a design of the efficient acidizing in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs based on the de-scription of damage characteristics, the optimization of acidizing modes, and the injection parameters, meanwhile, built a set of 3D fine mathematical models for the simulation of the damage of the horizontal wells, the optimization of acidizing modes and parame-ters, and the evaluation after acidizing. Based on the method above and the mathematical models, we carried out the systemic simula-tion of a horizontal well. The results show that the damage degree of the horizontal well is extremely uneven in the 3D space. In accor-dance with the general acidification, multistage acidification and partial acidification respectively, then we carried out the simula-tion analysis by using the diverting acid system with the strength of 0.5 m~3/m. The partial acidification was better than the other twomodes and its comprehensive skin coefficient decreased from 4.717 to-0.083. The optimum design of the process parameters was al-so carried out in the fourth part of the partial acidification. The optimal acid injection rate was 2 m~3/min and the optimal acid volumewas 66 m~3. The results can solve the problem of the unsatisfactory matrix acidizing effect of the long section of the horizontal wellsin carbonate reservoirs, and optimize the controllable parameters(such as treatment parameters)and uncontrollable parameters(such as formation parameters), in order to achieve the reasonable and high efficiency acidification.
The horizontal well has the charecteristics of large span and strong heterogeneity, the damage caused by drilling, comple-tion and exploitation is characterized by strong heterogeneity, and the efficiency of the general acidizing is low. Considering the ex-isting technical bottleneck, we proposed a design of the efficient acidizing in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs based on the de-scription of damage characteristics, the optimization of acidizing modes, and the injection parameters, meanwhile, built a set of 3D fine mathematical models for the simulation of the damage of the horizontal wells, the optimization of acidizing modes and parame-ters, and the evaluation after acidizing. Based on the method above and the mathematical models, we carried out the systemic simula-tion of a horizontal well. The results show that the damage degree of the horizontal well is extremely uneven in the 3D space. In accor-dance with the general acidification, multistage acidification and partial acidification respectively, then we carried out the simula-tion analysis by using the diverting acid system with the strength of 0.5 m~3/m. The partial acidification was better than the other twomodes and its comprehensive skin coefficient decreased from 4.717 to-0.083. The optimum design of the process parameters was al-so carried out in the fourth part of the partial acidification. The optimal acid injection rate was 2 m~3/min and the optimal acid volumewas 66 m~3. The results can solve the problem of the unsatisfactory matrix acidizing effect of the long section of the horizontal wellsin carbonate reservoirs, and optimize the controllable parameters(such as treatment parameters)and uncontrollable parameters(such as formation parameters), in order to achieve the reasonable and high efficiency acidification.
引文
[1]赵文智,胡素云,刘伟,等.再论中国陆上深层海相碳酸盐岩油气地质特征与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2014,34(4):1-9.
[2]李年银,赵立强,张倩,等.水平井酸化伤害特征研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(1):92-94.
[3]龚兵,陈金菊.水平井伤害特征分析及酸化参数优化[J].天然气勘探与开发,2011,34(2):42-45.
[4]Gdanski R D.Recent advances in carbonate stimulation[C]//paper IPTC-10693-MS presented at the International Petroleum Technology Conference,21-23 November 2005,Doha,Qatar.
[5]Glasbergen G,Buijse M.Improved acid diversion design using a placement simulator(Russian)[C]//paper SPE-102412-RU presented at the SPE Russian Oil and Gas Technical Conference and Exhibition,3-6 October 2006,Moscow,Russia.
[6]Mishra V,Zhu D,Hill A D,et al.An acid placement model for long horizontal wells in carbonate reservoirs[C]//paper SPE-107780-MS presented at the European Formation Damage Conference,30 May-1 June 2007,Scheveningen,The Netherlands.
[7]Virk P S.Drag reduction fundamentals[J].AICh E Journal,1975,21(4):625-656.
[8]Mogensen K,Hansen J H.A dynamic model for high-rate acid stimulation of very long horizontal wells[C]//paper SPE-110135-MS presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,11-14 November 2007,Anaheim,California,USA.
[9]Nozaki M,Hill A D.A placement model for matrix acidizing of vertically extensive heterogeneous gas reservoirs[J].SPE Production&Operations,2010,25(3):388-397.
[10]Furui K,Burton R C,Burkhead D W,et al.A comprehensive model of high-rate matrix-acid stimulation for long horizontal wells in carbonate reservoirs:Part I--scaling up core-level acid wormholing to field treatments[J].SPE Journal,2012,17(1):271-279.
[11]Greyvenstein G P,Laurie D P.A segregated CFD approach to pipe network analysis[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1994,37(21):3685-3705.
[12]李勇明,廖毅,彭璃,等.非均质碳酸盐岩水平井酸化数值模拟与分析[J].油气藏评价与开发,2016,6(4):53-58.
[13]Panga,Multiscale transport and reaction:two case studies[D].Houston:University of Houston,2003.
[14]李年银,刘平礼,赵立强,等.水平井酸化过程中的布酸技术[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):104-106.
[15]Bedrikovetsky P.Upscaling of stochastic micro model for suspension transport in porous media[J].Transport in Porous Media,2008,75(3):335-369.
[16]Sacramento R N,Yang Y,You Z,et al.Deep bed and cake filtration of two-size particle suspension in porous media[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2014,126:201-210.
[17]Mojarad R S,Settari A.Coupled numerical simulation of reservoir flow with formation plugging[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2005,46(3):329-337.
[18]周生田,刘宣祎,李兆敏,等.水平井酸化数值模拟[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(16):156-159.
[19]Kalfayan L J,Martin A N.The art and practice of acid placement and diversion:History,present state,and future[C]//paper SPE-108802-DL presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2009.
[2]李年银,赵立强,张倩,等.水平井酸化伤害特征研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(1):92-94.
[3]龚兵,陈金菊.水平井伤害特征分析及酸化参数优化[J].天然气勘探与开发,2011,34(2):42-45.
[4]Gdanski R D.Recent advances in carbonate stimulation[C]//paper IPTC-10693-MS presented at the International Petroleum Technology Conference,21-23 November 2005,Doha,Qatar.
[5]Glasbergen G,Buijse M.Improved acid diversion design using a placement simulator(Russian)[C]//paper SPE-102412-RU presented at the SPE Russian Oil and Gas Technical Conference and Exhibition,3-6 October 2006,Moscow,Russia.
[6]Mishra V,Zhu D,Hill A D,et al.An acid placement model for long horizontal wells in carbonate reservoirs[C]//paper SPE-107780-MS presented at the European Formation Damage Conference,30 May-1 June 2007,Scheveningen,The Netherlands.
[7]Virk P S.Drag reduction fundamentals[J].AICh E Journal,1975,21(4):625-656.
[8]Mogensen K,Hansen J H.A dynamic model for high-rate acid stimulation of very long horizontal wells[C]//paper SPE-110135-MS presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,11-14 November 2007,Anaheim,California,USA.
[9]Nozaki M,Hill A D.A placement model for matrix acidizing of vertically extensive heterogeneous gas reservoirs[J].SPE Production&Operations,2010,25(3):388-397.
[10]Furui K,Burton R C,Burkhead D W,et al.A comprehensive model of high-rate matrix-acid stimulation for long horizontal wells in carbonate reservoirs:Part I--scaling up core-level acid wormholing to field treatments[J].SPE Journal,2012,17(1):271-279.
[11]Greyvenstein G P,Laurie D P.A segregated CFD approach to pipe network analysis[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1994,37(21):3685-3705.
[12]李勇明,廖毅,彭璃,等.非均质碳酸盐岩水平井酸化数值模拟与分析[J].油气藏评价与开发,2016,6(4):53-58.
[13]Panga,Multiscale transport and reaction:two case studies[D].Houston:University of Houston,2003.
[14]李年银,刘平礼,赵立强,等.水平井酸化过程中的布酸技术[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):104-106.
[15]Bedrikovetsky P.Upscaling of stochastic micro model for suspension transport in porous media[J].Transport in Porous Media,2008,75(3):335-369.
[16]Sacramento R N,Yang Y,You Z,et al.Deep bed and cake filtration of two-size particle suspension in porous media[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2014,126:201-210.
[17]Mojarad R S,Settari A.Coupled numerical simulation of reservoir flow with formation plugging[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2005,46(3):329-337.
[18]周生田,刘宣祎,李兆敏,等.水平井酸化数值模拟[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(16):156-159.
[19]Kalfayan L J,Martin A N.The art and practice of acid placement and diversion:History,present state,and future[C]//paper SPE-108802-DL presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2009.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |