多路SPWM波形发生器设计及验证方法
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摘要
为了实现多电平逆变器的控制,研制了一种基于同相载波层叠技术的多路正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)波形发生器。设计的波形发生器通过数字信号处理(DSP)的外部接口向现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)发送调制波数据,在FPGA内将调制波与多路载波进行比较产生多路SPWM信号。同时为了验证多路SPWM波形发生器设计的正确性,提出了一种新颖的离线半实物仿真验证方法,该方法通过逻辑分析仪获取波形发生器输出的多路SPWM信号,并作为多电平逆变器仿真模型的控制信号,并将半实物仿真结果与仿真结果进行比较分析以此验证设计的正确性。仿真和实验证明了设计和验证方法的正确性,并且该验证方法具有有效、实用、快速等优点。
In order to control a multi-level inverter,a multi-sinusoidal pulse width modulation( SPWM) generator is developed based on phase disposition strategy. The field programmable gate array( FPGA) inputs the modulation wave data from the external interface of digital signal processors( DSP). Then,FPGA generates the multi-channel SPWM signals by comparing the modulation wave data with the carrier wave data. To verify the correctness of the design of SPWM generator,a novel validation method is proposed based on simulation model and experiments. The multi-channel SPWM wave data is stored through by logic analyzer and then imported to multilevel inverter simulation model as the control signal. The design of SPWM generator is verified by comparing semi-physical simulation results with the simulation results. The effectiveness of the design is proved with the simulaton and experiments prove that the design method is correct,and the valaidation method is efficient,practical and fast.
In order to control a multi-level inverter,a multi-sinusoidal pulse width modulation( SPWM) generator is developed based on phase disposition strategy. The field programmable gate array( FPGA) inputs the modulation wave data from the external interface of digital signal processors( DSP). Then,FPGA generates the multi-channel SPWM signals by comparing the modulation wave data with the carrier wave data. To verify the correctness of the design of SPWM generator,a novel validation method is proposed based on simulation model and experiments. The multi-channel SPWM wave data is stored through by logic analyzer and then imported to multilevel inverter simulation model as the control signal. The design of SPWM generator is verified by comparing semi-physical simulation results with the simulation results. The effectiveness of the design is proved with the simulaton and experiments prove that the design method is correct,and the valaidation method is efficient,practical and fast.
引文
[1]殷实,谭国俊,方磊,等.模块化多电平变流器调速系统变频控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):139-150.YIN SH,TAN G J,FANG L,et al.Variable frequency control strategy of modular multilevel converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):139-150.
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[7]吴瑕杰,熊成林,冯晓云.一种适用于单相级联H桥型变换器的通用型多电平空间矢量PWM算法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(14):127-136.WU X J,XIONG CH L,FENG X Y.An universal multilevel space vector pulse-width modulation algorithm for single-phase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(14):127-136.
[8]LAKKA M,KOUTROULIS E,DOLLAS A.Development of an FPGA-based SPWM generator for high switching frequency DC/AC inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,29(1):356-365.
[9]MONMASSON E,CIRSTEA M N.FPGA Design methodology for industrial control systems:A review[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(4):1824-1842.
[10]吴瑕杰,方辉,宋文胜,等.一种基于DSP-FPGA的辅助逆变器核心控制系统[J].电机与控制学报,2015,19(5):58-66.WU X J,FANG H,SONG W SH,et al.Auxiliary inverter core control system based on DSP-FPGA[J].Electric Machines and Control,2015,19(5):58-66.
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[12]胡海兵,姚文熙,江辉鸿,等.任意路通用PWM波形发生器的设计[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(12):115-119.HU H B,YAO W X,JIANG H H,el al.Design of a universal PWM generator with arbitrary number of PWM channels[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2008,23(12):115-119.
[13]刘健,张号,曾华,等.基于FPGA技术的三电平自然采样SPWM全数字化理论研究与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(5):1498-1506.LIU J,ZHANG H,ZENG H,el al.A study and implementation of natural sampling SPWM digital technologies for three-level inverter based on FPGA technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017(5):1498-1506.
[14]章勇高,熊健.级联多电平H桥逆变器的同相层叠型SPWM脉冲分配方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(7):148-154.ZHANG Y G,XIONG J.Pulse distribution strategy for IPD-SPWM of cascaded multi-level H-bridge inverter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(7):148-154.
[15]刘东,黄进,陈高,等.FPGA在大功率多相变频调速系统中的应用[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(6):51-55.LIU D,HUANG J,CHEN G,el al.Application of FPGA in high-power multiphase variable speed drives[J].Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(6):51-55.
[16]吴瑕杰,宋文胜,冯晓云.一种在线计算多模式空间矢量调制算法及其FPGA实现[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(18):124-133.WU X J,SONG W SH,FENG X Y.An on-line calculation multi-mode SVPWM algorithm and implementation based on FPGA[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(18):124-133.
[17]SELVAMUTHUKUMARAN R,GUPTA R.Rapid prototyping of power electronics converters for photovoltaicsystem application using Xilinx system generator[J].IET Power Electronics,2014,7(9):2269-2278.
[18]周京华,吴理心,章小卫,等.多电平逆变器多载波调制策略的谐波分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(5):63-71.ZHOU J H,WU L X,ZHANG X W,et al.Harmonic analysis of multi-level inverter multi-carrier modulation strategy[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(5):63-71.
[2]张兰勇,曹岸,刘胜.级联多电平变换器的新型混合PWM技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(10):2234-2242.ZHANG L Y,CAO AN,LIU SH.Novel hybrid PWM for cascaded multilevel converter[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2016,37(10):2234-2242.
[3]杨晓峰,郑琼林,薛尧,等.模块化多电平换流器的拓扑和工业应用综述[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):1-10.YANG X F,ZHENG Q L,XUE Y,et al.Review on topology and industry applications of modular multilevel converter[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):1-10.
[4]党克,郑玉浩,严干贵.电网电压不平衡下光伏并网逆变器的同步技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2015,36(1):87-94.DANG K,ZHENG Y H,YAN G G.Synchronization technique of grid-connected PV inverter under unbalanced grid voltage[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2015,36(1):87-94.
[5]张建坡,赵成勇,孙海峰,等.模块化多电平换流器改进拓扑结构及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):173-180.ZHANG J P,ZHAO CH Y,SUN H F,et al.The improved topology of modular multilevel converter and application[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):173-180.
[6]曹靖,童朝南,周京华,等.一种并网逆变器的新型复合控制设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(5):1296-1303.CAO J,TONG CH N,ZHOU J H,et al.New composite control design for grid-connected inverter[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(5):1296-1303.
[7]吴瑕杰,熊成林,冯晓云.一种适用于单相级联H桥型变换器的通用型多电平空间矢量PWM算法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(14):127-136.WU X J,XIONG CH L,FENG X Y.An universal multilevel space vector pulse-width modulation algorithm for single-phase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(14):127-136.
[8]LAKKA M,KOUTROULIS E,DOLLAS A.Development of an FPGA-based SPWM generator for high switching frequency DC/AC inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,29(1):356-365.
[9]MONMASSON E,CIRSTEA M N.FPGA Design methodology for industrial control systems:A review[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(4):1824-1842.
[10]吴瑕杰,方辉,宋文胜,等.一种基于DSP-FPGA的辅助逆变器核心控制系统[J].电机与控制学报,2015,19(5):58-66.WU X J,FANG H,SONG W SH,et al.Auxiliary inverter core control system based on DSP-FPGA[J].Electric Machines and Control,2015,19(5):58-66.
[11]SALGADO-HERRERA N M,MEDINA-ROS J A,TAPIA-SNCHEZ R,et al.DSPWM multilevel technique of 27-levels based on FPGA for the cascaded DC/AC power converter operation[J].International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems,2018,28(1):e2479.
[12]胡海兵,姚文熙,江辉鸿,等.任意路通用PWM波形发生器的设计[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(12):115-119.HU H B,YAO W X,JIANG H H,el al.Design of a universal PWM generator with arbitrary number of PWM channels[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2008,23(12):115-119.
[13]刘健,张号,曾华,等.基于FPGA技术的三电平自然采样SPWM全数字化理论研究与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(5):1498-1506.LIU J,ZHANG H,ZENG H,el al.A study and implementation of natural sampling SPWM digital technologies for three-level inverter based on FPGA technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017(5):1498-1506.
[14]章勇高,熊健.级联多电平H桥逆变器的同相层叠型SPWM脉冲分配方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(7):148-154.ZHANG Y G,XIONG J.Pulse distribution strategy for IPD-SPWM of cascaded multi-level H-bridge inverter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(7):148-154.
[15]刘东,黄进,陈高,等.FPGA在大功率多相变频调速系统中的应用[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(6):51-55.LIU D,HUANG J,CHEN G,el al.Application of FPGA in high-power multiphase variable speed drives[J].Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(6):51-55.
[16]吴瑕杰,宋文胜,冯晓云.一种在线计算多模式空间矢量调制算法及其FPGA实现[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(18):124-133.WU X J,SONG W SH,FENG X Y.An on-line calculation multi-mode SVPWM algorithm and implementation based on FPGA[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(18):124-133.
[17]SELVAMUTHUKUMARAN R,GUPTA R.Rapid prototyping of power electronics converters for photovoltaicsystem application using Xilinx system generator[J].IET Power Electronics,2014,7(9):2269-2278.
[18]周京华,吴理心,章小卫,等.多电平逆变器多载波调制策略的谐波分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(5):63-71.ZHOU J H,WU L X,ZHANG X W,et al.Harmonic analysis of multi-level inverter multi-carrier modulation strategy[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(5):63-71.
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