退火对窄热滞Ti-Ni-Cu-Cr形状记忆合金组织和拉伸性能的影响
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摘要
在Ti-Ni合金中添加Cu、Cr得到热滞较小的Ti-45Ni-5Cu-0.3Cr形状记忆合金,用示差扫描量热仪、光学显微镜和拉伸实验研究退火温度(T_(an))对Ti-45Ni-5Cu-0.3Cr合金相变行为、显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:350~700℃退火态Ti-45Ni-5Cu-0.3Cr合金冷却/加热时发生A→M/M→A(A-母相,Cs Cl型结构;M-马氏体,单斜结构)型相变,合金的相变热滞较窄;350~550℃退火态合金处于回复阶段,组织呈纤维状;600~700℃退火态合金处于晶粒长大阶段,组织呈等轴状;合金的再结晶温度在550~600℃之间;随退火温度升高,合金的马氏体再取向应力σ_M、抗拉强度和伸长率先升高后降低,400~500℃退火态合金的σ_M和抗拉强度最大,650℃退火态合金的塑性最好。
A shape memory alloy of Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr with narrow temperature hysteresis was obtained by adding Cu and Cr in Ti-Ni alloy. Effects of annealing temperature on transformation behavior,microstructure and tensile properties of the Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr shape memory alloy were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry,optical microscope and tensile test. The results show that the phase transformation of A→M/M→A( A-parent phase B2,Cs Cl structure; M-martensite B19',monoclinic structure) occurs in the Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr alloy during annealing at 350-700 ℃,and the temperature hysteresis of the alloy is narrow. The alloy annealed at 350-550 ℃ is in the recovery stage and the microstructure morphology is fibrous; the alloy annealed at 600-700 ℃ is in the stage of grain growth and the microstructure morphology is equiaxed grains. The recrystallization temperature of the alloy is between 550-600 ℃. With the increasing of annealing temperature,the martensite reorientation stress( σ_M),tensile strength and elongation of the alloy first increase and then decrease. The maximum values of σ_Mand tensile strength of the alloy annealed at 400-500 ℃ are obtained,and the plasticity of the alloy annealed at 650 ℃ is the best.
A shape memory alloy of Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr with narrow temperature hysteresis was obtained by adding Cu and Cr in Ti-Ni alloy. Effects of annealing temperature on transformation behavior,microstructure and tensile properties of the Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr shape memory alloy were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry,optical microscope and tensile test. The results show that the phase transformation of A→M/M→A( A-parent phase B2,Cs Cl structure; M-martensite B19',monoclinic structure) occurs in the Ti-45 Ni-5 Cu-0. 3 Cr alloy during annealing at 350-700 ℃,and the temperature hysteresis of the alloy is narrow. The alloy annealed at 350-550 ℃ is in the recovery stage and the microstructure morphology is fibrous; the alloy annealed at 600-700 ℃ is in the stage of grain growth and the microstructure morphology is equiaxed grains. The recrystallization temperature of the alloy is between 550-600 ℃. With the increasing of annealing temperature,the martensite reorientation stress( σ_M),tensile strength and elongation of the alloy first increase and then decrease. The maximum values of σ_Mand tensile strength of the alloy annealed at 400-500 ℃ are obtained,and the plasticity of the alloy annealed at 650 ℃ is the best.
引文
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[18]李艳锋,米绪军,高宝东,等.两种不同变形方式对Ni Ti合金回复特性的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(12):2155-2158.LI Yan-feng,MI Xu-jun,GAO Bao-dong,et al.Effects of two different deformation manners on recovery properties of Ni Ti alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(12):2155-2158.
[2]Bhagyaraj J,Ramaiah K V,Saikrishna C N,et al.Behavior and effect of Ti2Ni phase during processing of Ni Ti shape memory alloy wire from cast ingot[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,581(18):344-351
[3]Rainer H,Shorash M.Assessment of the influence of R-phase formation on the material behavior of Ni Ti using a micromechanical model[J].Functional Materials Letters,2012,5(1):15-18.
[4]杨冠军,杨华斌,曹继敏.我国形状记忆合金研究与应用的新进展[J].材料导报,2004,18(2):42-44.YANG Guan-jun,YANG Hua-bin,CAO Ji-min.New advances in research and applications of shape memory alloys in China[J].Materials Review,2004,18(2):42-44.
[5]Qiu X M,Li M G,Sun D Q,et al.Study on brazing of Ti Ni shape memory alloy with stainless steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2006,176:8-12.
[6]贺志荣,王芳.Ti-Ni-V形状记忆合金的循环形变特性[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(7):1866-1872.HE Zhi-rong,WANG Fang.Cyclic deformation characteristics of Ti-Ni-V shape memory alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(7):1866-1872.
[7]Firstov G S,Humbeeck J V,Koval Y N.High-temperature shape memory alloys-some recent developments[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2004,378:2-10.
[8]Otsuka K,Ren X.Martensitic transformations in nonferrous shape memory alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1999,273-275:89-105.
[9]佟运祥,陈枫,王本力,等.Ti Ni Cu形状记忆合金薄带研究进展[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2010,39(12):2262-2266.TONG Yun-xiang,CHEN Feng,WANG Ben-li,et al.Research progress of Ti Ni Cu shape memory alloy melt-spun ribbons[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2010,39(12):2262-2266.
[10]贺志荣,刘琳,吴佩泽,等.激冷富钛Ti-Ni合金薄带组织、相变和形状记忆行为[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(11):12-17.HE Zhi-rong,LIU Lin,WU Pei-ze,et al.Microstructure,transformation and shape memory behavior of chilled Ti-rich Ti-Ni alloy ribbons[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(11):12-17.
[11]Ishida A,Sato M,Gao Z.Effects of Ti content on microstructure and shape memory behavior of TixNi(84.5-x)Cu15.5(x=44.6-55.4)thin films[J].Acta Materialia,2014,69:292-300.
[12]Menushenkov A,Grishina O,Shelyakov A.Local atomic and crystal structure rearrangement during the martensitic transformation in Ti50Ni25Cu25shape memory alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,585:428-433.
[13]贺志荣,王启,王芳,等.退火温度对Ti-Ni-Cr低温超弹性合金组织和拉伸性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2011,40(11):1998-2001。HE Zhi-rong,WANG Qi,WANG Fang,et al.Effects of annealing temperatures on microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-Ni-Cr low-temperature superelastic alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2011,40(11):1998-2001.
[14]Shariat B S,Meng Q,Mahmud A S,et al.Functionally graded shape memory alloys:Design,fabrication and experimental evaluation[J].Materials and Design,2017,124:225-237.
[15]贺志荣.Ti-Ni形状记忆合金多阶段可逆相变的类型及其演化过程[J].金属学报,2007,43(4):353-357.HE Zhi-rong.Multi-stage reversible transformation types and their evolving processes of Ti-Ni shape memory alloys[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2007,43(4):353-357.
[16]贺志荣,吴佩泽,刘康凯,等.Ni含量对激冷贫镍Ti Ni形状记忆合金薄带相变行为的影响[J].材料导报,2017,31(20):17-20.HE Zhi-rong,WU Pei-ze,LIU Kang-kai,et al.Effect of Ni content on phase transformation behavior of chilled Ni-poor Ti-Ni shape memory alloy ribbons[J].Materials Review,2017,31(20):17-20.
[17]贺志荣,王芳.热处理对Ti-Ni-Cr低温超弹性合金相变行为的影响[J].金属学报,2010,46(3):329-333.HE Zhi-rong,WANG Fang.Effect of heat treatment on transformation behavior of low-temperature superelasticity alloy Ti-50.8Ni-0.3Cr[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2010,46(3):329-333.
[18]李艳锋,米绪军,高宝东,等.两种不同变形方式对Ni Ti合金回复特性的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(12):2155-2158.LI Yan-feng,MI Xu-jun,GAO Bao-dong,et al.Effects of two different deformation manners on recovery properties of Ni Ti alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(12):2155-2158.
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