摘要
设计结构矩阵(DSM)能够通过合理描述任务间的信息交互关系从而对产品研制项目进行过程建模和规划分析,但在过程管理实际中,设计者往往较难精确获知任务间信息联系程度的客观大小.针对该问题,在数字化DSM的基础上提出了灰色设计结构矩阵(GDSM)的概念,将DSM中的数值元素转变为灰数,用于表征信息联系程度的不确定性.然后,从灰数的核、灰度和相对核概念的角度,重点设计了GDSM的一般优化算法(解耦为主),实现研制过程的优化重组.最后将所提方法运用于某军用飞机研制项目的过程规划问题中.
Through reasonable description of information interaction between tasks, design structure matrix(DSM) can model and plan the process of product development project. But in practical process management, it is usually not easy for designers to acquire accurate value of information contact extent. For this problem, this paper proposes the concept of grey design structure matrix(GDSM), and transforms the value in DSM to grey number to represent the uncertainty of information contact extent. Then designs the general optimization algorithm of GDSM from perspective of grey number's kernel, degree of greyness and relative kernel,thereby achieves the reorganization of development process. Finally, applies the mentioned method to the process planning of a military aircraft development project.
引文
[1] Stephen D, Steward D V. Planning concurrency and managing iteration in projects. Project Management Journal, September, 2001, 32(3):31-38.
[2]许正蓉.基于改进DSM方法的多技术系统设计过程模型研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2007.
[3]周雄辉,李祥等.注塑产品与模具协同设计任务规划算法研究[J].机械工程学报,2003, 39(2):113-118.
[4] Lin J, Qian Y J. et al. A fuzzy approach for sequencing interrelated activities in a DSM[J]. International journal of production research, 2012, 50(23):7012-7025.
[5]涂建伟,李彦等.基于FDSM的产品族设计模块化方法的研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2011,8:16-20.
[6]汤廷孝,廖文和等.产品设计过程建模及重组[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006, 34(2):41-46
[7]庞辉,方宗德·车身并行设计过程建模及优化研究[J].机械科学与技术,2007, 26(7):931-934
[8]刘电霆,周德俭.基于区间数设计结构矩阵的任务分解与重组[J].机械设计与研究,2009, 25(6):7-14.
[9] Steward, D. The Design Structure System:a Method for Managing the Design of Complex Systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 1981, 28(3):71-74.
[10]刘思峰,党耀国,方志耕等.灰色系统理论及其应用[M].第5版.北京:科学出版社,2010.
[11]闫书丽,刘思峰,朱建军等.基于相对核和精确度的灰数排序方法[J].控制与决策,2014,29(2):315-319.
[12]罗党,李琳.基于核和测度的区间灰数预测模型[J].数学的实践与认识,2014, 44(8):96-100.
[13] Yassine, A., Falkenburg, D.&Chelst, K. Engineering design management:an information structure approach[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 1999, 37(13):2957-2975.