Origin,migration,and accumulation of carbon dioxide in the East Changde Gas Field,Songliao Basin,northeastern China
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摘要
CO_2 reservoirs are widely distributed within the Yingcheng Formation in the Songliao Basin, but the extreme horizontal heterogeneity of CO_2 content causes difficulties in the exploration and exploitation of methane. Former studies have fully covered the lithology, structure, and distribution of the reservoirs high in CO_2 content, but few are reported about migration and accumulation of CO_2. Using the East Changde Gas Field as an example, we studied the accumulation mechanisms of CO2 gas. Two original types of accumulation model are proposed in this study. The fault-controlled accumulation model refers to gas accumulation in the reservoir body that is cut by a basement fault(the West Xu Fault), allowing the hydrocarbon gas generated in the lower formation to migrate into the reservoir body through the fault, which results in a relatively lower CO_2 content. The volcanic conduit-controlled accumulation model refers to a reservoir body that is not cut by the basement fault, which prevents the hydrocarbon gas from being mixed in and leads to higher CO_2 contents. This conclusion provides useful theories for prediction of CO_2 distribution in similar basins and reservoirs.
CO_2 reservoirs are widely distributed within the Yingcheng Formation in the Songliao Basin, but the extreme horizontal heterogeneity of CO_2 content causes difficulties in the exploration and exploitation of methane. Former studies have fully covered the lithology, structure, and distribution of the reservoirs high in CO_2 content, but few are reported about migration and accumulation of CO_2. Using the East Changde Gas Field as an example, we studied the accumulation mechanisms of CO2 gas. Two original types of accumulation model are proposed in this study. The fault-controlled accumulation model refers to gas accumulation in the reservoir body that is cut by a basement fault(the West Xu Fault), allowing the hydrocarbon gas generated in the lower formation to migrate into the reservoir body through the fault, which results in a relatively lower CO_2 content. The volcanic conduit-controlled accumulation model refers to a reservoir body that is not cut by the basement fault, which prevents the hydrocarbon gas from being mixed in and leads to higher CO_2 contents. This conclusion provides useful theories for prediction of CO_2 distribution in similar basins and reservoirs.
CO_2 reservoirs are widely distributed within the Yingcheng Formation in the Songliao Basin, but the extreme horizontal heterogeneity of CO_2 content causes difficulties in the exploration and exploitation of methane. Former studies have fully covered the lithology, structure, and distribution of the reservoirs high in CO_2 content, but few are reported about migration and accumulation of CO_2. Using the East Changde Gas Field as an example, we studied the accumulation mechanisms of CO2 gas. Two original types of accumulation model are proposed in this study. The fault-controlled accumulation model refers to gas accumulation in the reservoir body that is cut by a basement fault(the West Xu Fault), allowing the hydrocarbon gas generated in the lower formation to migrate into the reservoir body through the fault, which results in a relatively lower CO_2 content. The volcanic conduit-controlled accumulation model refers to a reservoir body that is not cut by the basement fault, which prevents the hydrocarbon gas from being mixed in and leads to higher CO_2 contents. This conclusion provides useful theories for prediction of CO_2 distribution in similar basins and reservoirs.
引文
Ballentine CJ,Schoell M,Coleman D,et al.Magmatic CO2in natural gases in the Permian Basin,West Texas:identifying the regional source and filling history.J Geochem Explor.2000;70:59-63.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(00)00045-5.
Cao RL.Frontiers of research on the mantle fluids.Earth Sci Front.1996;3(4):161-71.
Cui G,Ren S,Rui ZH,et al.The influence of complicated fluid-rock interactions on the geothermal exploitation in the CO2plume geothermal system.Appl Energy.2018a.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.114.
Cui G,Wang Y,et al.Assessing the combined influence of fluid-rock interactions on reservoir properties and injectivity during CO2storage in saline aquifers.Energy.2018b;155:281-96.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.024.
Dai JX.Geochemistry and accumulation of carbon dioxide gases in China.AAPG Bull.1996;80(10):1615-26.
Du LT.Progress in the study of inorganic genetic CO2gas reservoirs.Pet Geol Oilfield Dev Daqing.2005;24(2):1-4(in Chinese).
Fu XF,Song Y.Inorganic gas and its resources in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2005;26(4):23-8(in Chinese).
Guan XR.Genesis of carbon dioxide of high purity in east China.Exp Pet Geol.1990;12(3):248-58(in Chinese).
Guo ZQ,Wang XB,Yang BZ,et al.Abiogenic gas reservoir modes found in Songliao Basin.Nat Gas Ind.2000;20(6):30-3(in Chinese).
Guo J,Luo B,et al.Numerical investigation of hydraulic fracture propagation in a layered reservoir using the cohesive zone method.Eng Fract Mech.2017a;186:195-207.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.10.013.
Guo TK,Li YC,Ding Y,et al.Evaluation of acid fracturing treatments in shale formation.Energy Fuel.2017b;31(10):10479-89.https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energy fuels.7b01398.
He JX,Xia B,Liu BM,et al.Origin,migration and accumulation of CO2in East China and offshore shelf basins.Pet Explor Exploit.2005;32(4):42-9.
Huo QL,Yang BZ,Fu L.Genesis of natural gas of eastern Changde gas pool in northern Songliao Basin.Pet Explor Dev.1998;25(4):9-17.
Li JK,Feng ZH,Liu W,et al.Research on reservoir forming time of deep natural gas in Xujiaweizi faulted depression in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2006;27:42-6(in Chinese).
Lin JY,Jiang T,Song LB,et al.The origin and gas vertical distribution of the Harjin mixed-gas reservoir.Acta Pet Sin.2010;31(6):927-32(in Chinese).
Liu DL,Li ZS,Liu B,et al.Potential to form CO2reservoirs through adsorption of CO2by volcanic rocks and case study.Reg Geol China.2005;24(10-11):962-7(in Chinese).
Liu SB,Lu XS,Hong F,et al.Accumulation mechanisms and distribution patterns of CO2-containing natural gas reservoirs in the Songliao Basin.Beijing:Science Press;2016.p.67-73(in Chinese).
Lu XS,Song Y,Liu SB,et al.Progress in the studies of mantlederived CO2degassing mechanism,degassing model and poolforming mechanism.Earth Sci Front.2008;15(6):293-302(in Chinese).
Lu XS,Song Y,Liu SB,et al.Distribution and migration-accumulation mechanism of mantle-derived CO2in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2009;30(5):661-6(in Chinese).
Lu SF,Gu MW,Zhang FF,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation stages and type division of Shahezi Fm tight glutenite gas reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Nat Gas Ind.2017;37(6):12-21(in Chinese).
Marty B,Jambon A,Sano Y.Helium isotopes and CO2in volcanic gases of Japan.Chem Geol.1989;76(1-2):25-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90125-3.
Mysen BO,Arcyllus RJ,Eggler DH.Solubility of carbon dioxide in melts of andesite,tholeiite,and olivine nephelinite composition to 30 kbar pressure.Contrib Miner Pet.1975;53(4):227-39.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00382441.
Qu X,Chen X,Yu M,et al.Mineral dating of mantle-derived CO2charging and its application in the southern Songliao Basin,China.Appl Geochem.2016;68:19-28.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.03.005.
Rui ZH,Lu J,Zhang ZE,et al.A quantitative oil and gas reservoir evaluation system for development.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017a;4:31-9.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.02.026.
Rui ZH,Han G,Zhang H,et al.A new model to evaluate two leak points in a gas pipeline.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017b;46:491-7.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.08.025.
Rui ZH,Li CC,Peng F,et al.Development of industry performance metrics for offshore oil and gas project.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017c;39:44-53.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.01.022.
Rui ZH,Peng F,Ling KG,et al.Investigation into the performance of oil and gas projects.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017d;38:12-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.11.049.
Rui ZH,Wang X,et al.A realistic and integrated model for evaluating oil sands development with steam assisted gravity drainage technology in Canada.Appl Energy.2018a;213:76-91.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.015.
Rui ZH,Cui K,et al.A comprehensive investigation on performance of oil and gas development in Nigeria:technical and nontechnical analyses.Energy.2018b;158:666-80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.027.
Sano Y,Wakita H,Huang C.Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from3He/4He ratio in northern Taiwan.Nature.1986;323(6083):55-7.https://doi.org/10.1038/323055a0.
Shao ML,Men JH,Wei ZP.The genesis type and enrichment condition of the CO2 in the southern part of Songliao Basin.Pet Geol Oilfield Dev Daqing.2000;19(4):1-3(in Chinese).
Sun FJ,Jiao GH,Luo X,et al.The origin and formation of CO2gas pools in Songliao Basin,China.J Geochem Explor.2009;101(1):99.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.12.054.
Sun J,Gamboa E,Schechter D,et al.An integrated workflow for characterization and simulation of complex fracture networks utilizing microseismic and horizontal core data.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2016;34:1347-1360.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.024.
Tan Y,Zhang CM,Liu DL.Geochemical criterion of CO2origin of Changdedong gas deposit in north of Songliao Basin.Offshore oil.2005;25(3):18-23(in Chinese).
Trull T,Nadeau S,Pineau F,et al.C-He systematics in hotspot xenoliths:implications for mantle carbon contents and carbon recycling.Earth Planet Sci Lett.1993;118(1-4):43-64.https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(93)90158-6.
Wang L,Wang SH,Zhang RL,et al.Review of multi-scale and multiphysical simulation technologies for shale and tight gas reservoir.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017;37:560-78.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.11.051.
Wang XX,Hou JG,Song SH,et al.Combining pressure-controlled porosimetry and rate-controlled porosimetry to investigate the fractal characteristics of full-range pores in tight oil reservoirs.J Petrol Sci Eng.2018;171:353-61.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.050.
Wei LC,Lu XS,Song Y,et al.Formation and pool-forming model of CO2gas pool in eastern Changde area,Songliao Basin.Petrol Explor Dev.2009;36(2):174-80.
Xu S,Nakai S,Wakita H,et al.Mantle-derived noble gases in natural gases from Songliao Basin,China.Geochim Et Cosmochim Ac.1995;59(22):4675-83.
Xu D,Zhou YQ,Zhu YL,et al.CO2/3He ratio of mantle derived CO2gas pools and its formation mechanism in east China.Oil Gas Geol.1999;20(4):290-4(in Chinese).
Yang G,Zhao ZY,Shao ML.Formation of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas reservoirs in the Changling Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Pet Explor Dev.2011;38(1):52-8.
Yu D,Lv YF,Fu XF,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control on deep gas reservoir in Xujiaweizi Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Geol Rev.2010;56(2):237-45(in Chinese).
Zeng J,Wang X,et al.Composite linear flow model for multifractured horizontal wells in heterogeneous shale reservoir.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017;38:527-48.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.01.005.
Zhang XD.Analysis on genesis and accumulation law of carbon dioxide gas reservoirs in the northeastern areas of China.Acta Geol Sin.2003;24(6):13-23(in Chinese).
Zhang JH,Feng W,Li J,et al.Deep gases and their genetic types of the Xujiaweizi Rift basin zone,Songliao Basin and their contribution.Acta Geol Sin.2009;83(4):579-89(in Chinese).
Cao RL.Frontiers of research on the mantle fluids.Earth Sci Front.1996;3(4):161-71.
Cui G,Ren S,Rui ZH,et al.The influence of complicated fluid-rock interactions on the geothermal exploitation in the CO2plume geothermal system.Appl Energy.2018a.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.114.
Cui G,Wang Y,et al.Assessing the combined influence of fluid-rock interactions on reservoir properties and injectivity during CO2storage in saline aquifers.Energy.2018b;155:281-96.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.024.
Dai JX.Geochemistry and accumulation of carbon dioxide gases in China.AAPG Bull.1996;80(10):1615-26.
Du LT.Progress in the study of inorganic genetic CO2gas reservoirs.Pet Geol Oilfield Dev Daqing.2005;24(2):1-4(in Chinese).
Fu XF,Song Y.Inorganic gas and its resources in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2005;26(4):23-8(in Chinese).
Guan XR.Genesis of carbon dioxide of high purity in east China.Exp Pet Geol.1990;12(3):248-58(in Chinese).
Guo ZQ,Wang XB,Yang BZ,et al.Abiogenic gas reservoir modes found in Songliao Basin.Nat Gas Ind.2000;20(6):30-3(in Chinese).
Guo J,Luo B,et al.Numerical investigation of hydraulic fracture propagation in a layered reservoir using the cohesive zone method.Eng Fract Mech.2017a;186:195-207.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.10.013.
Guo TK,Li YC,Ding Y,et al.Evaluation of acid fracturing treatments in shale formation.Energy Fuel.2017b;31(10):10479-89.https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energy fuels.7b01398.
He JX,Xia B,Liu BM,et al.Origin,migration and accumulation of CO2in East China and offshore shelf basins.Pet Explor Exploit.2005;32(4):42-9.
Huo QL,Yang BZ,Fu L.Genesis of natural gas of eastern Changde gas pool in northern Songliao Basin.Pet Explor Dev.1998;25(4):9-17.
Li JK,Feng ZH,Liu W,et al.Research on reservoir forming time of deep natural gas in Xujiaweizi faulted depression in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2006;27:42-6(in Chinese).
Lin JY,Jiang T,Song LB,et al.The origin and gas vertical distribution of the Harjin mixed-gas reservoir.Acta Pet Sin.2010;31(6):927-32(in Chinese).
Liu DL,Li ZS,Liu B,et al.Potential to form CO2reservoirs through adsorption of CO2by volcanic rocks and case study.Reg Geol China.2005;24(10-11):962-7(in Chinese).
Liu SB,Lu XS,Hong F,et al.Accumulation mechanisms and distribution patterns of CO2-containing natural gas reservoirs in the Songliao Basin.Beijing:Science Press;2016.p.67-73(in Chinese).
Lu XS,Song Y,Liu SB,et al.Progress in the studies of mantlederived CO2degassing mechanism,degassing model and poolforming mechanism.Earth Sci Front.2008;15(6):293-302(in Chinese).
Lu XS,Song Y,Liu SB,et al.Distribution and migration-accumulation mechanism of mantle-derived CO2in Songliao Basin.Acta Pet Sin.2009;30(5):661-6(in Chinese).
Lu SF,Gu MW,Zhang FF,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation stages and type division of Shahezi Fm tight glutenite gas reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Nat Gas Ind.2017;37(6):12-21(in Chinese).
Marty B,Jambon A,Sano Y.Helium isotopes and CO2in volcanic gases of Japan.Chem Geol.1989;76(1-2):25-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90125-3.
Mysen BO,Arcyllus RJ,Eggler DH.Solubility of carbon dioxide in melts of andesite,tholeiite,and olivine nephelinite composition to 30 kbar pressure.Contrib Miner Pet.1975;53(4):227-39.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00382441.
Qu X,Chen X,Yu M,et al.Mineral dating of mantle-derived CO2charging and its application in the southern Songliao Basin,China.Appl Geochem.2016;68:19-28.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.03.005.
Rui ZH,Lu J,Zhang ZE,et al.A quantitative oil and gas reservoir evaluation system for development.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017a;4:31-9.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.02.026.
Rui ZH,Han G,Zhang H,et al.A new model to evaluate two leak points in a gas pipeline.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017b;46:491-7.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.08.025.
Rui ZH,Li CC,Peng F,et al.Development of industry performance metrics for offshore oil and gas project.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017c;39:44-53.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.01.022.
Rui ZH,Peng F,Ling KG,et al.Investigation into the performance of oil and gas projects.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017d;38:12-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.11.049.
Rui ZH,Wang X,et al.A realistic and integrated model for evaluating oil sands development with steam assisted gravity drainage technology in Canada.Appl Energy.2018a;213:76-91.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.015.
Rui ZH,Cui K,et al.A comprehensive investigation on performance of oil and gas development in Nigeria:technical and nontechnical analyses.Energy.2018b;158:666-80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.027.
Sano Y,Wakita H,Huang C.Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from3He/4He ratio in northern Taiwan.Nature.1986;323(6083):55-7.https://doi.org/10.1038/323055a0.
Shao ML,Men JH,Wei ZP.The genesis type and enrichment condition of the CO2 in the southern part of Songliao Basin.Pet Geol Oilfield Dev Daqing.2000;19(4):1-3(in Chinese).
Sun FJ,Jiao GH,Luo X,et al.The origin and formation of CO2gas pools in Songliao Basin,China.J Geochem Explor.2009;101(1):99.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.12.054.
Sun J,Gamboa E,Schechter D,et al.An integrated workflow for characterization and simulation of complex fracture networks utilizing microseismic and horizontal core data.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2016;34:1347-1360.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.024.
Tan Y,Zhang CM,Liu DL.Geochemical criterion of CO2origin of Changdedong gas deposit in north of Songliao Basin.Offshore oil.2005;25(3):18-23(in Chinese).
Trull T,Nadeau S,Pineau F,et al.C-He systematics in hotspot xenoliths:implications for mantle carbon contents and carbon recycling.Earth Planet Sci Lett.1993;118(1-4):43-64.https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(93)90158-6.
Wang L,Wang SH,Zhang RL,et al.Review of multi-scale and multiphysical simulation technologies for shale and tight gas reservoir.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017;37:560-78.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.11.051.
Wang XX,Hou JG,Song SH,et al.Combining pressure-controlled porosimetry and rate-controlled porosimetry to investigate the fractal characteristics of full-range pores in tight oil reservoirs.J Petrol Sci Eng.2018;171:353-61.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.050.
Wei LC,Lu XS,Song Y,et al.Formation and pool-forming model of CO2gas pool in eastern Changde area,Songliao Basin.Petrol Explor Dev.2009;36(2):174-80.
Xu S,Nakai S,Wakita H,et al.Mantle-derived noble gases in natural gases from Songliao Basin,China.Geochim Et Cosmochim Ac.1995;59(22):4675-83.
Xu D,Zhou YQ,Zhu YL,et al.CO2/3He ratio of mantle derived CO2gas pools and its formation mechanism in east China.Oil Gas Geol.1999;20(4):290-4(in Chinese).
Yang G,Zhao ZY,Shao ML.Formation of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas reservoirs in the Changling Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Pet Explor Dev.2011;38(1):52-8.
Yu D,Lv YF,Fu XF,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control on deep gas reservoir in Xujiaweizi Rift basin,Songliao Basin.Geol Rev.2010;56(2):237-45(in Chinese).
Zeng J,Wang X,et al.Composite linear flow model for multifractured horizontal wells in heterogeneous shale reservoir.J Nat Gas Sci Eng.2017;38:527-48.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.01.005.
Zhang XD.Analysis on genesis and accumulation law of carbon dioxide gas reservoirs in the northeastern areas of China.Acta Geol Sin.2003;24(6):13-23(in Chinese).
Zhang JH,Feng W,Li J,et al.Deep gases and their genetic types of the Xujiaweizi Rift basin zone,Songliao Basin and their contribution.Acta Geol Sin.2009;83(4):579-89(in Chinese).
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